Decreasing costs and favorable policies have resulted in increased penetration of solar photovoltaic(PV)power generation in distribution networks.As the PV systems penetration is likely to increase in the future,utili...Decreasing costs and favorable policies have resulted in increased penetration of solar photovoltaic(PV)power generation in distribution networks.As the PV systems penetration is likely to increase in the future,utilizing the reactive power capability of PV inverters to mitigate voltage deviations is being promoted.In recent years,droop control of inverter-based distributed energy resources has emerged as an essential tool for use in this study.The participation of PV systems in voltage regulation and its coordination with existing controllers,such as on-load tap changers,is paramount for controlling the voltage within specified limits.In this work,control strategies are presented that can be coordinated with the existing controls in a distributed manner.The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated through simulation results on a distribution system.展开更多
When large-scale distributed renewable energy power generation systems are connected to the power grid,the risk of grid voltage fluctuations and exceeding the limit increases greatly.Fortunately,the on-load tap change...When large-scale distributed renewable energy power generation systems are connected to the power grid,the risk of grid voltage fluctuations and exceeding the limit increases greatly.Fortunately,the on-load tap changer(OLTC)can adjust the transformer winding tap to maintain the secondary side voltage within the normal range.However,the inevitable delay in switching transformer taps makes it difficult to respond quickly to voltage fluctuations.Moreover,switching the transformer taps frequently will decrease the service life of OLTC.In order to solve this critical issue,a cooperative voltage regulation strategy applied between the battery energy storage systems(BESSs)and OLTSs.is proposed By adjusting the charge and discharge power of BESSs,the OLTC can frequently switch the transformer taps to achieve rapid voltage regulation.The effectiveness of the proposed coordinated regulation strategy is verified in the IEEE 33 node distribution systems.The simulation results show that the proposed coordinated regulation strategy can stabilize the voltage of the distribution network within a normal range and reduce the frequency of tap switching,as such elongating the service life of the equipment.展开更多
电力用户负荷种类的多样化造成变压器电压波动超出允许范围,严重影响电力系统的供电质量,因此提出基于奇异值分解的配电变压器有载自动调压方法。基于奇异值分解技术提取配电变压器分接头间的电压信号,使用比例积分微分(Proportion Inte...电力用户负荷种类的多样化造成变压器电压波动超出允许范围,严重影响电力系统的供电质量,因此提出基于奇异值分解的配电变压器有载自动调压方法。基于奇异值分解技术提取配电变压器分接头间的电压信号,使用比例积分微分(Proportion Integral Differential,PID)控制算法根据分接头间电压和额定电压范围之间的偏差输出控制信号,控制触发分接开关的导通与关断,实现配电变压器的有载自动调压。实验结果表明,设计方法可以通过控制分接开关位置维持电压的平稳,且不会对负载产生不利影响。展开更多
自动电压调节器(Automatic Voltage Regulator, AVR)的性能往往受到同步发电机高场电感和连续负载变化的影响,电力系统中参数的不确定性对于系统整体性能是一个重大挑战,在设计控制策略时需要重点考虑。线性自抗扰控制(Linear Active Di...自动电压调节器(Automatic Voltage Regulator, AVR)的性能往往受到同步发电机高场电感和连续负载变化的影响,电力系统中参数的不确定性对于系统整体性能是一个重大挑战,在设计控制策略时需要重点考虑。线性自抗扰控制(Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control, LADRC)的显著特点是能够实时估计和消除总扰动,并且不依赖于准确模型。在解决终端电压变化问题时,LADRC是一种可行的解决方案。探讨了三阶线性自抗扰控制器与高阶PID的关系,研究了线性自抗扰控制在AVR电压控制问题中的应用。针对目前AVR中普遍存在的定子电流限制(Stator Current Limit, SCL)问题,提出了一种补偿方案。方案引入发电机理论输出和实际输出的误差作为额外扰动输入,利用扩张状态观测器(Extended State Observer, ESO)对其进行估计,这样可以令线性自抗扰控制器快速补偿误差。仿真证明了与高阶PID相比,LADRC具有更强的抗干扰性,可以取得更好的控制效果。展开更多
Two novel improved variants of reptile search algorithm(RSA),RSA with opposition-based learning(ORSA)and hybrid ORSA with pattern search(ORSAPS),are proposed to determine the proportional,integral,and derivative(PID)c...Two novel improved variants of reptile search algorithm(RSA),RSA with opposition-based learning(ORSA)and hybrid ORSA with pattern search(ORSAPS),are proposed to determine the proportional,integral,and derivative(PID)controller parameters of an automatic voltage regulator(AVR)system using a novel objective function with augmented flexibility.In the proposed algorithms,the opposition-based learning technique improves the global search abilities of the original RSA algorithm,while the hybridization with the pattern search(PS)algorithm improves the local search abilities.Both algorithms are compared with the original RSA algorithm and have shown to be highly effective algorithms for tuning the PID controller parameters of an AVR system by getting superior results.Several analyses such as transient,stability,robustness,disturbance rejection,and trajectory tracking are conducted to test the performance of the proposed algorithms,which have validated the good promise of the proposed methods for controller designs.The performances of the proposed design approaches are also compared with the previously reported PID controller parameter tuning approaches to assess their success.It is shown that both proposed approaches obtain excellent and robust results among all compared ones.That is,with the adjustment of the weight factorα,which is introduced by the proposed objective function,for a system with high bandwitdh(α=1),the proposed ORSAPS-PID system has 2.08%more bandwidth than the proposed ORSA-PID system and 5.1%faster than the fastest algorithm from the literature.On the other hand,for a system where high phase and gain margins are desired(α=10),the proposed ORSA-PID system has 0.53%more phase margin and 2.18%more gain margin than the proposed ORSAPS-PID system and has 0.71%more phase margin and 2.25%more gain margin than the best performing algorithm from the literature.展开更多
定量评估省级电网的无功调控能力以确定关口无功功率控制范围,是大电网自动电压控制(automatic voltage control,AVC)的关键。基于电网分层解耦的理念,首先给出了平均协调功率因数限值(average coordination power factor limits,ACPF)...定量评估省级电网的无功调控能力以确定关口无功功率控制范围,是大电网自动电压控制(automatic voltage control,AVC)的关键。基于电网分层解耦的理念,首先给出了平均协调功率因数限值(average coordination power factor limits,ACPF)的定义来评价省级电网的无功承受极限,并求解ACPF的优化数学模型,得到ACPF与省级电网下送负荷水平的相关性曲线;接着根据各500 kV变电站负荷的差异性,近似线性化计算上游关口协调功率因数限值,并以其为约束条件建立下游关口协调功率因数下限值的计算模型及其快速估算方法,实现AVC系统参数的动态整定;最后给出了AVC系统省地协调的关口无功功率控制实现方法。应用到广东某区域电网的仿真结果表明,所提的方法在节能降损、提升电压质量、提高省级电网电压无功安全裕度以及挖掘片区变电容量等方面优势更加明显。展开更多
基金by a project under the scheme entitled“Developing Policies&Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change in the Baltic Sea Region”(ASTRA),Project No.ASTRA6-4(2014-2020.4.01.16-0032).
文摘Decreasing costs and favorable policies have resulted in increased penetration of solar photovoltaic(PV)power generation in distribution networks.As the PV systems penetration is likely to increase in the future,utilizing the reactive power capability of PV inverters to mitigate voltage deviations is being promoted.In recent years,droop control of inverter-based distributed energy resources has emerged as an essential tool for use in this study.The participation of PV systems in voltage regulation and its coordination with existing controllers,such as on-load tap changers,is paramount for controlling the voltage within specified limits.In this work,control strategies are presented that can be coordinated with the existing controls in a distributed manner.The effectiveness of the proposed method was demonstrated through simulation results on a distribution system.
基金Supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2022M710039)。
文摘When large-scale distributed renewable energy power generation systems are connected to the power grid,the risk of grid voltage fluctuations and exceeding the limit increases greatly.Fortunately,the on-load tap changer(OLTC)can adjust the transformer winding tap to maintain the secondary side voltage within the normal range.However,the inevitable delay in switching transformer taps makes it difficult to respond quickly to voltage fluctuations.Moreover,switching the transformer taps frequently will decrease the service life of OLTC.In order to solve this critical issue,a cooperative voltage regulation strategy applied between the battery energy storage systems(BESSs)and OLTSs.is proposed By adjusting the charge and discharge power of BESSs,the OLTC can frequently switch the transformer taps to achieve rapid voltage regulation.The effectiveness of the proposed coordinated regulation strategy is verified in the IEEE 33 node distribution systems.The simulation results show that the proposed coordinated regulation strategy can stabilize the voltage of the distribution network within a normal range and reduce the frequency of tap switching,as such elongating the service life of the equipment.
文摘电力用户负荷种类的多样化造成变压器电压波动超出允许范围,严重影响电力系统的供电质量,因此提出基于奇异值分解的配电变压器有载自动调压方法。基于奇异值分解技术提取配电变压器分接头间的电压信号,使用比例积分微分(Proportion Integral Differential,PID)控制算法根据分接头间电压和额定电压范围之间的偏差输出控制信号,控制触发分接开关的导通与关断,实现配电变压器的有载自动调压。实验结果表明,设计方法可以通过控制分接开关位置维持电压的平稳,且不会对负载产生不利影响。
文摘自动电压调节器(Automatic Voltage Regulator, AVR)的性能往往受到同步发电机高场电感和连续负载变化的影响,电力系统中参数的不确定性对于系统整体性能是一个重大挑战,在设计控制策略时需要重点考虑。线性自抗扰控制(Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control, LADRC)的显著特点是能够实时估计和消除总扰动,并且不依赖于准确模型。在解决终端电压变化问题时,LADRC是一种可行的解决方案。探讨了三阶线性自抗扰控制器与高阶PID的关系,研究了线性自抗扰控制在AVR电压控制问题中的应用。针对目前AVR中普遍存在的定子电流限制(Stator Current Limit, SCL)问题,提出了一种补偿方案。方案引入发电机理论输出和实际输出的误差作为额外扰动输入,利用扩张状态观测器(Extended State Observer, ESO)对其进行估计,这样可以令线性自抗扰控制器快速补偿误差。仿真证明了与高阶PID相比,LADRC具有更强的抗干扰性,可以取得更好的控制效果。
文摘Two novel improved variants of reptile search algorithm(RSA),RSA with opposition-based learning(ORSA)and hybrid ORSA with pattern search(ORSAPS),are proposed to determine the proportional,integral,and derivative(PID)controller parameters of an automatic voltage regulator(AVR)system using a novel objective function with augmented flexibility.In the proposed algorithms,the opposition-based learning technique improves the global search abilities of the original RSA algorithm,while the hybridization with the pattern search(PS)algorithm improves the local search abilities.Both algorithms are compared with the original RSA algorithm and have shown to be highly effective algorithms for tuning the PID controller parameters of an AVR system by getting superior results.Several analyses such as transient,stability,robustness,disturbance rejection,and trajectory tracking are conducted to test the performance of the proposed algorithms,which have validated the good promise of the proposed methods for controller designs.The performances of the proposed design approaches are also compared with the previously reported PID controller parameter tuning approaches to assess their success.It is shown that both proposed approaches obtain excellent and robust results among all compared ones.That is,with the adjustment of the weight factorα,which is introduced by the proposed objective function,for a system with high bandwitdh(α=1),the proposed ORSAPS-PID system has 2.08%more bandwidth than the proposed ORSA-PID system and 5.1%faster than the fastest algorithm from the literature.On the other hand,for a system where high phase and gain margins are desired(α=10),the proposed ORSA-PID system has 0.53%more phase margin and 2.18%more gain margin than the proposed ORSAPS-PID system and has 0.71%more phase margin and 2.25%more gain margin than the best performing algorithm from the literature.
文摘定量评估省级电网的无功调控能力以确定关口无功功率控制范围,是大电网自动电压控制(automatic voltage control,AVC)的关键。基于电网分层解耦的理念,首先给出了平均协调功率因数限值(average coordination power factor limits,ACPF)的定义来评价省级电网的无功承受极限,并求解ACPF的优化数学模型,得到ACPF与省级电网下送负荷水平的相关性曲线;接着根据各500 kV变电站负荷的差异性,近似线性化计算上游关口协调功率因数限值,并以其为约束条件建立下游关口协调功率因数下限值的计算模型及其快速估算方法,实现AVC系统参数的动态整定;最后给出了AVC系统省地协调的关口无功功率控制实现方法。应用到广东某区域电网的仿真结果表明,所提的方法在节能降损、提升电压质量、提高省级电网电压无功安全裕度以及挖掘片区变电容量等方面优势更加明显。
