Research on dynamic updating of three dimensional geological modeling based on the OO-Solid model

The dynamic updating of the model included: the change of space border,addi- tion and reduction of spatial component (disappearing,dividing and merging),the change of the topological relationship and synchronous dynamic updating of database.Firstly, arming at the deficiency of OO-Solid model in the aspect of dynamic updating,modeling primitives of OO-Solid model were modified.And then the algorithms of dynamic updating of 3D geological model with the node data,line data or surface data change were dis- cussed.The core algorithms was done by establishing space index,following the way of facing the object from bottom to top,namely the dynamic updating from the node to arc, and then to polygon,then to the face of the component and finally to the geological object. The research has important theoretical and practical values in the field of three dimen- sional geological modeling and is significant in the field of mineral resources.

Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Dynamic Model and Macro Control of Real Estate

In this paper, according to economics of real estate and macro-control theory, combine with the characteristics of the real estate market, macro-control of the real estate market is studied. After giving the dynamic model of three-dimensional nonlinear differential equations based on the total number of houses on the real estate business, the government’s averages housing investment funds and the standard price, systematically established the stability conditions of equilibrium point for this model. What’s more, through the use of extreme value analysis model, government funds have been invested in real estate business building devotion principles and the construction base of the real estate businessmen has also been estimated successfully. This provides the corresponding theoretical basis for government macro control policy-making.

Predicting the Dynamic Behavior of Asphalt Concrete Using Three-dimensional Discrete Element Method

A user-defined three-dimensional （3D） discrete element model was presented to predict the dynamic modulus and phase angle of asphalt concrete （AC）. The 3D discrete element method （DEM） model of AC was constructed employing a user-defined computer program developed using the ＂Fish＂ language in PFC3D. Important microstructural features of AC were modeled, including aggregate gradation, air voids and mastic. The irregular shape of aggregate particle was modeled using a clump of spheres. The developed model was validated through comparing with experimental measurements and then used to simulate the cyclic uniaxial compression test, based on which the dynamic modulus and phase angle were calculated from the output stress- strain relationship. The effects of air void content, aggregate stiffness and volumetric fraction on AC modulus were further investigated. The experimental results show that the 3D DEM model is able to accurately predict both dynamic modulus and phase angle of AC across a range of temperature and loading frequencies. The user- defined 3D model also demonstrated significant improvement over the general existing two-dimensional models.

Dynamic Visual Image Modeling Based on Mobile RobotSelf- Organizing Network in Internetof Things Perception Layer

The dynamic multichannel binocular visual image modeling is studied based on Internet of Things (IoT) Perception Layer, using mobile robot self-organizing network. By employing multigroup mobile robots with binocular visual system, the real visual images of the object will be obtained. Then through the mobile self-organizing network, a three-dimensional model is rebuilt by synthesizing the returned images. On this basis, we formalize a novel algorithm for multichannel binocular visual three-dimensional images based on fast three-dimensional modeling. Compared with the method based on single binocular visual system, the new algorithm can improve the Integrity and accuracy of the dynamic three-dimensional object modeling. The simulation results show that the new method can effectively accelerate the modeling speed, improve the similarity and not increase the data size.

COMPUTER SIMULATION OF 3-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMIC ASSEMBLY PROCESS OF MECHANICAL ROTATIONAL BODY

Focusing on the study of the components of mechanical rotational body,the data structure and algorithm of component model generation are discussed.Some problems in assembly process of 3 dimensional graph of components are studied in great detail.

THE APPLICATION OF DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD IN SOLVING THREE-DIMENTIONAL IMPACT DYNAMICS PROBLEMS

A three-dimensional discrete element model of the connective type is presented. Moreover,a three-dimensional numerical analysis code,which can carry out the transitional pro- cess from connective model(for continuum)to contact model(for non-continuum),is developed for simulating the mechanical process from continuum to non-continuum.The wave propagation process in a concrete block(as continuum)made of cement grout under impact loading is numer- ically simulated with this code.By comparing its numerical results with those by LS-DYNA,the calculation accuracy of the model and algorithm is proved.Furthermore,the failure process of the concrete block under quasi-static loading is demonstrated,showing the basic dynamic tran- sitional process from continuum to non-continuum.The results of calculation can be displayed by animation.The damage modes are similar to the experimental results.The two numerical examples above prove that our model and its code are powerful and efficient in simulating the dynamic failure problems accompanying the transition from continuum to non-continuum.It also shows that the discrete element method(DEM)will have broad prospects for development and application.

Damage Initiation and Propagation in Composites Subjected to Low-Velocity Impact:Experimental Results,3D Dynamic Damage Model,and FEM Simulations

A three-dimensional dynamic damage model that fits both small and large damage sizes is developed to predict impact damage initiation and propagation for each lamina of T300-carbon/epoxy laminations.First,13 specimens of the same lamination sequence are subjected to three different impact energies(10 J,15 J,and 20 J).After the impact,the laminates are inspected by the naked eye to observe the damage in the outer layers,and subsequently X-rayed to detect the inner damage.Next,the stress analysis of laminates subjected to impact loading is presented,based on the Hertz contact law and virtual displacement principle.Based on the analysis results,a three-dimensional dynamic damage model is proposed,including the Hou failure criteria and Camanho stiffness degradation model,to predict the impact damage shape and area.The numerical predictions of the damage shape and area show a relatively reasonable agreement with the experiments.Finally,the impact damage initiation and propagation for each lamina are investigated using this damage model,and the results improve the understanding of the impact process.

START-UP AND DYNAMIC PROCESSES SIMULATION OF A DISTILLATION COLUMN

A new dynamic non-equilibrium mixing-pool model for simulating start-up and dynamic re-sponse of a distillation column is reported.The proposed model is established on the basis ofconsidering the two dimensional flow/mixing behavior of actual trays in a distillation column.Com-parison is made among the computed results of the start-up time and the dynamic response time bythe proposed and five other typical models.It is found that the computed time for both dynamicprocesses is longer by the model which considers any flow/mixing pattern than by the model withoutsuch concern.The inertia effect of flow/mixing seems to be important and can not be ignored inmodeling the transient process of distillation.The proposed model,which is believed to be suitableto large column,seems somewhat useful in predicting industrial distillation dynamics.

Three-Dimensional Water-Quality Simulation for River Based on VOF Method

In the present study, considering the transport and transformation processes of variables, a threedimensional water quality model for the river system was established, which coupled the volume of fluid(VOF) method with the k-ε turbulence mathematical model. Then, the water hydrodynamic characteristics and transport processes for BOD_5, NH_(3^-)N and TP were analyzed. The results showed that the water surface of convex bank was a little lower than that of concave bank due to the centrifugal force near the bend, and most concentrations were inferior to the type Ⅴ standard indexes of surface water environmental quality. The model validation indicated that the errors between the simulated and monitored values were comparatively small, satisfying the application demands and providing scientific basis and decision support for the restoration and protection of water quality.

Common Management Process Model of New TQM Based on the Situation Analysis

In the previous study, we suggested the concept of new TQM based on the consideration of basic concept of Quality Control. Also, in the previous study, we suggested the target domains and entities of product and process based on the TQM Matrix and view point of Three Dimensional Unification Value Models for managing quality of organization systems. Furthermore, in the previous study, we suggest the Common Management Process of organizations. Based on the above suggestion, in this paper, we would like to propose the Common Management Process Model of Total Quality Management based on the consideration of situation analysis and more precise definition of TQM Matrix and Three Dimensional Unification Value Model of “Product and Process”. Improvement of quality and efficiency of organization management can be expected by the integration of conventional different management such as quality assurance, quality improvement, risk management, investment individually from the view point of common management process.

A Framework for Exploring the Dynamics of Autonomous Work Groups in Manufacturing Organizations

Nowadays, new paradigm of enterprise organization i s constantly changing due to the emergence of the global marketplace, the rise of information technology, and the emphasis of the social developments. This re quires a more flexible form of organization that are more adaptable to rapid cha nges in business environment such as autonomous work groups (AWGs) in order to achieve higher productivity and effectiveness. AWGs are work units responsib le for the production of goods and the provision of services. They involve team members in making decisions that are traditionally the responsibility of the sup ervisors and managers (Cohen & Bailey, 1997). Team members of AWGs are allowed t o self-regulate their behavior on jobs such as task assignments, methods for ca rrying out the work, and scheduling of activities etc. (Cohen & Ledford, 1994). For example, Motorola achieved a high organizational performance due to the succ essful implementation of AWGs in quality management (Piczak & Hauser, 1996). Xer ox also reported their operational successes based on the team-oriented work gr oups (Wageman, 1997). In recent years many organizations have replaced the traditional layers of manag ement with autonomous team-based work arrangements. Surveys indicated that the adoption of AWGs has soared in responding to the competitive business challenges . Many enterprises are making a deliberate effort to use AWGs to carry out work and operational processes as an alternative for hierarchical approaches (Lawler et al., 1995). There is a growing body of evidence that AWGs are more effective than traditionally managed groups and they contributes to organizational perform ance, such as improvement in operational performance, productivity, quality, cos t savings, employee attitude and behavior, and employee satisfaction (e.g. Pears on, 1992; Cohen & Ledford, 1994; Seers et al. 1995). Given the complexity and cognitive nature of team-based organizations, the mech anisms that the enterprises use in the development of the increasingly sophistic ated models, which can contribute to the effective functioning of AWGs, are extr emely important. The process of developing effective AWGs enables enterprises to inherent built-in intelligence of the organizations so that they will be more able to accommodate to external pressures and changes. The context of this paper is the construction of a dynamics framework and a stra tegic path for autonomous work groups in the technology-oriented manufacturing organization re-design. The framework is a conceptual one drawn from the litera ture survey. The importance of studying autonomous work groups for today’s manuf acturing organizations is claimed. Based on the General System Theory (GST), the characterization of AWGs is addressed. Three-dimensional domains such as t echnical content, service content, and relationship content are identified. A st rategic path is proposed to guide the organizations how the development of AWGs progresses at different levels of maturity that are associated with organization al effectiveness and performance. The utility of the model for AWGs is expected to provide technology-oriented organizations with a strategic path to achieve h igher organizational performance.

Remodeling of living human nasal cavity under the assistance of acoustic rhinometry technique

Acoustic rhinometry could numerically describe up- per airway condition of air draft by drawing a graph plotting the distance from the nostril vs. the cross-sectional area. Some decreases on the graph correspond to the typical anatomic structures of human nasal cavity. The 3-dimensional, computing fluid dynamic model of the same person was developed based on computed tomography scans. The veracity of the CFD model was valued by contrasting the relevant areas of stenosis site between the model and the AR graph. The aim in this study is to make clear how to use an AR to help improve and enrich the CFD model with the information of graph acquired from the measurement. The combination of AR and CT can be used to establish a living human nasal cavity model with higher significant information content.

A MULTISCALE MECHANICAL MODEL FOR MATERIALS BASED ON VIRTUAL INTERNAL BOND THEORY

Only two macroscopic parameters are needed to describe the mechanical properties of linear elastic solids, i.e. the Poisson＇s ratio and Young＇s modulus. Correspondingly, there should be two microscopic parameters to determine the mechanical properties of material if the macroscopic mechanical properties of linear elastic solids are derived from the microscopic level. Enlightened by this idea, a multiscale mechanical model for material, the virtual multi-dimensional internal bonds （VMIB） model, is proposed by incorporating a shear bond into the virtual internal bond （VIB） model. By this modification, the VMIB model associates the macro mechanical properties of material with the microscopic mechanical properties of discrete structure and the corresponding relationship between micro and macro parameters is derived. The tensor quality of the energy density function, which contains coordinate vector, is mathematically proved. From the point of view of VMIB, the macroscopic nonlinear behaviors of material could be attributed to the evolution of virtual bond distribution density induced by the imposed deformation. With this theoretical hypothesis, as an application example, a uniaxial compressive failure of brittle material is simulated. Good agreement between the experimental results and the simulated ones is found.

Selective leaching of chromium-containing slag by HCl

A batch of column experiments was carried out to investigate the change of Cr（Ⅵ） concentration leached out from chromium-containing slag with HCI as leaching agent, and to study influences of pH, ratio of solid mass to solution volume, flow velocity and temperature on Cr（Ⅵ） leaching. The optimal parameters were obtained for Cr（Ⅵ） leaching and a fitting model was established to describe the procedure of Cr（Ⅵ） leaching. The results show that Cr（Ⅵ） concentration in leachate increases with decreasing pH and increasing flow velocity and temperature. Moreover, Cr（Ⅵ） leaching percentage increases with increasing ratio of solid mass to solution volume. The optimal parameters for Cr（Ⅵ） selective leaching are as follows： pH=3.0, 1：5 of ratio of solid mass to solution volume, 180 mL/min of flow velocity and 40 ℃ of temperature. The procedure of Cr（Ⅵ） leaching fits well with the model： v= 1.87t^-0.54, indicating that the leaching rate of Cr（Ⅵ） declines in an exponential order of-0.54.

冻融环境下钢渣细骨料混凝土微观结构及损伤演化模型

为了揭示工业钢渣细骨料制备的钢渣混凝土的冻融破坏机理,采用快速冻融法进行试验,测试了冻融循环后不同钢渣细骨料替代率混凝土的质量损失率、强度损失率、相对动弹性模量,并分析冻融损伤规律;使用扫描电镜方法观察钢渣混凝土水化产物及钢渣-砂浆界面过渡区,进行冻融损伤微观机理的分析。结果表明:钢渣细骨料因冻融作用而发生明显破坏;钢渣细骨料与水泥凝胶的界面过渡区优于普通骨料;钢渣替代率为60%时混凝土的质量、强度损失最小,分别只减少了4.06%、44.2%;钢渣替代率为100%时混凝土的质量、强度损失率最高,分别为6.05%、58%;冻融循环次数大于50时,钢渣掺量为60%的混凝土相对动弹性模量高于其余掺量组;采用钢渣取代细骨料为提高混凝土在冻融循环作用下的工作性能时建议取代率为60%。通过对钢渣混凝土的损伤演变分析,建立了钢渣混凝土的冻融损伤演变模型。

Discrete-Time Dynamic Image Segmentation Using Oscillators with Adaptive Coupling

In this study, we propose a novel discrete-time coupled model to generate oscillatory responses via periodic points with a high periodic order. Our coupled system comprises one-dimensional oscillators based on the Rulkov map and a single globally coupled oscillator. Because the waveform of a one-dimensional oscillator has sharply defined peaks, the coupled system can be applied to dynamic image segmentation. Our proposed system iteratively transforms the coupling of each oscillator based on an input value that corresponds to the pixel value of an input image. This approach enables our system to segment image regions in which pixel values gradually change with respect to a connected region. We conducted a bifurcation analysis of a single oscillator and a three-coupled model. Through simulations, we demonstrated that our system works well for gray-level images with three isolated image regions.

多维动态网络的密钥认证数学建模与仿真

多维动态网络在密钥认证过程中,若加密的密钥安全程度较低,则会被量子计算机解码,使传输的隐私数据出现泄露。为有效提升密钥的安全认证效果,提出量子攻击下多维动态网络密钥认证数学建模方法。方法建立用于多维动态网络的密钥认证模型,在建立的认证模型中,对网络中待传输数据实施冗余清洗,并使用高级加密标准(Advanced Encryption Standard,AES)算法生成密钥对待传输数据初次加密;添加一串噪声数据在加密数据中,并对其二次加密,进一步提升数据的抗量子攻击性能,建立多维动态网络的安全密钥传输模型,完成密钥的安全传输。根据解密方法结合密钥对数据安全解密,完成多维动态网络密钥的安全认证。实验结果表明,利用上述方法开展网络密钥认证时,加解密时间短,认证准确率在85%以上,且抗量子攻击能力强。

基于时空最优低维动力系统的多尺度可压缩湍流数值模拟方法

按照周培源教授关于研究湍流数值模拟建模时必须分析和求解脉动速度场的思想,该研究基于第一性原理,系统地建立了基于时空低维最优动力系统的多尺度可压缩湍流数值模拟方法(LMS方法),并将其应用于多次冲击Richtmyer-Meshkov问题的数值模拟中,首次得到了可压缩湍流的中尺度流场和不同于DNS近似解的湍流近似解.数值结果表明,LMS方法可以用较少的网格获得更精确的湍流近似解.首先解决了研究中遇到的几个问题,为LMS方法的构建铺平了道路.这些问题是:基于湍流的物理特性,提出了湍流大、中、小尺度分解的新概念;找到了box滤波空间相关性的计算方法;指出了湍流建模理论中长期存在的逻辑错误,提出了多尺度湍流模型的概念;讨论了湍流封闭问题的本质和关键,给出了克服湍流封闭问题的数值方法.采用box滤波方法/空间网格平均方法且在大尺度网格的意义下,LMS方法的本质是一种将RANS、LES、DES和DNS等湍流数值模拟方法统一的全新湍流数值模拟方法.需要指出的是,LMS方法也可以作为湍流模型研究的辅助工具,以检验SGS尺度方程/脉动方程中各项所对应的湍流模型是否正确.

融合风貌特征的上海城市框架模型生产更新方法

城市三维(3D)模型的快速构建和及时更新是实景3D中国建设的重点之一。本文针对上海历史风貌建筑与地标性异形建筑较多的特点进行深入分析,结合城市风貌特征和使用效能,提出了一种融合简易模型和去纹理精细模型的上海城市框架模型构建方法,阐述了其概念、构建规则和生产方法,解决了传统简易模型难以表现城市特征而导致应用场景受限的问题。在此基础上提出了基于二维(2D)建筑底面和3D精细模型生产更新的城市框架模型动态更新方法,并通过试验对所提出方法进行了验证。目前该方法已应用于上海城市“一张图”数据生产更新中,服务于市国土空间信息平台、城市运行管理等场景,证明了方法的有效性。

铁路线路与地形三维模型实时动态融合方法研究

铁路线路与地形三维模型的融合是实现铁路线路三维正向设计的瓶颈之一。线路设计过程中,需要实时更新三维场景。现有的静态融合方法会修改原始的地形数据,且计算量大,耗时过长,无法满足动态交互式设计的需求。对此,提出一种铁路线路与地形三维模型实时动态融合方法。基于铁路三维场景,在每帧显示前动态提取视相关地形瓦片模型和线路三维模型,在内存中基于线程池并行对地形瓦片裁剪,实现二者的实时融合,并构建缓存队列,重复利用融合结果。为了提升单块地形瓦片和线路三维模型的融合效率,提出了“超挖-回填”的融合思想。借助高效的三角形空间网格索引,快速删除融合边界内及相交网格涉及到的三角形,虽然“超挖”部分三角形,但避免了繁杂的三角形定位、调整计算。依据超挖三角形外边界和融合边界构建“回填”区域,再采用剪耳法对“回填”区域重构三角网,实现铁路线路与地形三维模型的无缝融合。基于该方法开发了铁路线路三维设计系统,对一条104.9 km铁路案例进行了实验,结果表明:其显示帧率可以保持在35~45 fps,且能够实时更新三维场景。相较于传统的静态融合方法,该方法将长时间的全局模型融合转化为帧前的局部视相关动态融合,减少了线路方案修改时更新的融合数据量及计算量,从而满足了动态交互式设计的需求,提升了三维正向设计的效率。