Historical Changes,Contemporary Characteristics,and Five Transformations of Environmental Design in China

Starting from the characteristics of modernization in three different historical stages since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,this paper analyses the internal changes in the professional name,subordinate disciplines and categories,and professional mission of the environmental design profession,and summarizes the changes in the characteristics of the environmental design profession in 10 aspects such as subordinate disciplines,design objects,design types,cultural characteristics,and aesthetic values on the basis of the results of the analysis,and explores five transformations of the environmental design profession in the process of China’s development in the future.The five transformations in the future development of China are to serve the harmony and beauty of the three major urban and rural spaces with“small and micro-renewal and reconstruction”;to serve the transmission of Chinese culture and the spread of Chinese civilization with“spatial heritage and innovation”;to serve the balance and sufficiency of the four functions of urban and rural settlements with“friendliness and equilibrium”;to serve the intelligence,wisdom,and enjoyment of indoor and outdoor living environment space with“scientific and technological achievements”;and to serve the co-construction,co-management,and sharing of indoor and outdoor public space in urban and rural areas with“public participation.”

基于Transformer-GAN的农产品包装版式布局智能设计方法

本研究提出一种基于Transformer-GAN的农产品包装版式布局智能设计方法,旨在解决现阶段的农产品包装主要依赖通版包装、缺乏产品特色等问题。首先,设计了内容感知模块,学习包装设计的内容特征;其次,提出一种设计序列模块,对包装布局信息进行序列化处理;最后,融合内容感知和布局信息,使模型学习图像的内容特征和布局特征,输出包装版式布局设计图。与先前的模型相比,本研究模型具有更好的设计性能和可解释性,同时创新性地将布局智能设计方法应用于包装设计领域。实验结果表明,设计序列模块提升了设计的有效性,序列化的布局特征相较于非序列化的特征更能生成优质的布局。该模型具有较强的可解释性,在农产品包装版式设计上具有良好的生成性能。

Practice Teaching Reform of Mechanical Design and Manufacture and Its Automation Specialty under Transformation and Development

With the development of the times, undergraduate colleges and universities begin to transform and develop to adapt to the changing society, and put forward new requirements for practical teaching strategies, especially for applied undergraduate colleges. The reform of practical teaching is particularly important. Under the development of education transformation, the reform of mechanical design and manufacture and the practice teaching of automation specialty also occupy a very important position. Through the understanding of the reform of the practical teaching of this specialty, the effect of the reform is observed, and a reasonable teaching scheme is put forward to promote the steps of the transformation of the practical teaching.

Design of Non-contact On-load Automatic Regulating Voltage Transformer

At present, an automatic-mechanic contact tap-changer is widely used in power system, but it can not frequently operate. In addition, arc will occur when the switch changes. In order to solve these two problems, this paper presented an automatic on-load voltage-regulating distributing transformer which employed non-contact solid-state relay as tap-changer, and mainly introduced its structure, basic principal, design method of each key link and experimental results. Laboratory simulation experiments informed that the scheme was feasible. It was a smooth and effective experiment device, which was practical in application.

New power system development path mechanism design

Carrying out green energy transformation,implementing clean energy power replacement and supply,and developing a new power system are some primary driving forces needed to fulfill China’s carbon-peak and carbon-neutral strategic goals.The construction of new power systems in China’s provinces and cities is developing rapidly,and the lack of a typical model promotes the application.The new power system path design should be based on the actual development of the power grid in different regions,energy use characteristics,and other actual needs to carry out the differentiated path design.In this context,this study analyzes the characteristics of the new domestic power system based on the policy background of the new domestic power system,constructs a new model for power system development stage identification,and proposes the overall design of the new power system development path from the power supply,transmission and distribution,and load sides.It also uses the Hebei South Network as an example to explore the development stage of the Hebei South Grid based on actual development needs.Finally,this study designs a novel power system development path for the entire supply and demand chain for the Hebei South Grid to propose ideas for constructing a new power system in China and to help green energy transformation.

Transformation of 1-D Chiral-chained Titanium Phosphate to 2-D Layer Structure Through a 1-D Zigzag Chain

The transformation of titanium phosphate from 1-D chiral- chain(JTP-A) to 2-D layer(TP-J1) has been carefully investigated. Through a hydrolysis-condensation self-assembly pathway, the crystals of TP-J1 can be obtained from the JTP-A phase under hydrothermal conditions. An intermediate material with zigzag chain during the transformation was observed by XRD characterization. A hypothesis of the transformation mechanism is also described in this article. It is noteworthy that ethylenediamine plays an important role in the transformation.

Optimum design of welding transformer

Welding transformer is widely used in industry manufacturing, depleting a large portion of electricity energy.Based on modern computer technology and mathematical programming, optimum design of electro-magnetic devices leads to highly efficient use of energy and materials. Are welding transformer is optimized here. A mathematical model,considering both productive cost and operating losses, which is called or Economical-through-Life transformer, is established. Mixed penalty function method, mixed dispersing variable method and improved orthogonal method have been applied to carry out the optimization calculations. Result shows that the power factor is quite important in an Economi-cal-through-Life transformer, and that some principles must be followed in the design work. Also discussed are the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods. In the end, the prospect of optimum design of welding transformer is forecast.

Design of a Modified Cassegrain System Used in Joint Transform Correlator

In order to detect and recognize infrared target with joint transform correlator,a modified Cassegrain optical system is designed.The main advantages of the system are large field-of-view,infrared dual-band common optical path and compact structure.In the modified Cassegrain optical system,the working wavelengths are 3.7~4.8μm and 8~12μm,the field-of-view is 4° and the aperture is 240mm.The paraboloidal primary mirror and hyperboloidal secondary mirror are all replaced by spherical surfaces.So the problems of high machining accuracy and alignment become much easier.In order to balance the aberrations,three compensating lenses are used in the system.The total length of the system is 183mm,and the ratio of the total length to focal length is 0.68.Moreover,the system has a good performance of athermalization between negative 40℃ and positive 60℃.The design results of the system show that the MTF value of each field is greater than 0.72 when the cut-off frequency is 11lp/mm.Due to the excellent image quality of the modified optical system,the ability of Joint transform correlator(JTC)applied in target tracking and identification has been improved for further.

Some Remarks on the Non-Abelian Fourier Transform in Crossover Designs in Clinical Trials

Let G be a non-abelian group and let l2(G) be a finite dimensional Hilbert space of all complex valued functions for which the elements of G form the (standard) orthonormal basis. In our paper we prove results concerning G-decorrelated decompositions of functions in l2(G). These G-decorrelated decompositions are obtained using the G-convolution either by the irreducible characters of the group G or by an orthogonal projection onto the matrix entries of the irreducible representations of the group G. Applications of these G-decorrelated decompositions are given to crossover designs in clinical trials, in particular the William’s 6×3?design with 3 treatments. In our example, the underlying group is the symmetric group S3.

A Model Transformation Approach for Detecting Distancing Violations in Weighted Graphs

This work presents the design of an Internet of Things(IoT)edge-based system based on model transformation and complete weighted graph to detect violations of social distancing measures in indoor public places.Awireless sensor network based on Bluetooth Low Energy is introduced as the infrastructure of the proposed design.A hybrid model transformation strategy for generating a graph database to represent groups of people is presented as a core middleware layer of the detecting system’s proposed architectural design.A Neo4j graph database is used as a target implementation generated from the proposed transformational system to store all captured real-time IoT data about the distances between individuals in an indoor area and answer user predefined queries,expressed using Neo4j Cypher,to provide insights from the stored data for decision support.As proof of concept,a discrete-time simulation model was adopted for the design of a COVID-19 physical distancing measures case study to evaluate the introduced system architecture.Twenty-one weighted graphs were generated randomly and the degrees of violation of distancing measures were inspected.The experimental results demonstrate the capability of the proposed system design to detect violations of COVID-19 physical distancing measures within an enclosed area.

Design of Transformer Magnetic Bias Protection Device in High Power Electronic Equipments

As the power electronics technology is widely used in the power system, it may also bring the DC component to the transformer operation, resulting in DC bias and may cause great harm to the transformer. In this article, the device to protect transformer from DC magnetic bias is designed. On the basis of load DC current, a magnetic bias protection device is developed by combination of current sensor, electric information collection circuit, signal filtering circuit, signal modulating circuits, fault feature judging circuit, automatic range tracking circuit, intelligent logic synthesis unit and implementation output circuit. By operating in temperature-rise test equipment in the high power electronic lab, the device is proved with reliability, high sensitivity and worthy of promotion and application.

Optimization and implementation strategy of ESCO driving force in the development of energy-saving transformation market of existing buildings

The development of the existing building energy-saving transformation market is inseparable from the internal driving force of ESCO.Giving full play to the driving role of ESCO scientifically is the internal requirement to promote the healthy and orderly operation of the existing building energy-saving transformation market.This paper summarizes the practical experience of developing ESCO driving force operation in foreign existing building energy-saving transformation market,analyzes the bottleneck of developing ESCO driving force operation in China’s existing building energy-saving transformation market,and puts forward useful practical enlightenment based on the comparison between home and abroad;According to the optimization principle of ESCO driving force operation in the development of existing building energy-saving transformation market,the optimization design framework of ESCO driving force is proposed,and the implementation strategy of ESCO driving force optimization in the development of existing building energy-saving transformation market is planned.In order to optimize and improve the effectiveness of the operation and development of the energy-saving transformation market of existing buildings with the internal driving force of ESCO.

Design of A Novel Wheel-Legged Robot with Rim Shape Changeable Wheels

The wheel-legged hybrid structure has been utilized by ground mobile platforms in recent years to achieve good mobility on both flat surfaces and rough terrain.However,most of the wheel-legged robots only have one-directional obstacle-crossing ability.During the motion,most of the wheel-legged robots’centroid fluctuates violently,which damages the stability of the load.What’s more,many designs of the obstacle-crossing part and transformation-driving part of this structure are highly coupled,which limits its optimal performance in both aspects.This paper presents a novel wheel-legged robot with a rim-shaped changeable wheel,which has a bi-directional and smooth obstacle-crossing ability.Based on the kinematic model,the geometric parameters of the wheel structure and the design variables of the driving four-bar mechanism are optimized separately.The kinetostatics model of the mobile platform when climbing stairs is established to determine the body length and angular velocity of the driving wheels.A pro-totype is made according to the optimal parameters.Experiments show that the prototype installed with the novel transformable wheels can overcome steps with a height of 1.52 times of its wheel radius with less fluctuation of its centroid and performs good locomotion capabilities in different environments.

CTH-Net:从线稿和颜色点生成服装图像的CNN-Transformer混合网络

绘制服装效果图是服装设计过程中重要的一环,针对目前存在智能化程度不足、对用户绘画水平和想象能力要求较高等问题,提出了一种使用线稿和颜色点生成服装图像的CNN-Transformer混合网络CTH-Net。CTH-Net结合卷积神经网络(CNN)在提取局部信息和Transformer在处理长距离依赖方面的优势,将2个模型架构进行高效混合,并设计ToPatch和ToFeatureMap模块减小输入Transformer的数据量和维度以降低计算资源消耗。CTH-Net由3个阶段组成:一是草图阶段,旨在预测服装的颜色分布,获得没有渐变和阴影的水彩式图像;二是细化阶段,将水彩式图像细化为有光影效果的服装图像;三是调优阶段,组合一、二阶段的输出进一步优化生成质量。实验结果表明,仅需输入线稿和少量颜色点,CTH-Net便能生成出高质量的服装图像。与现有的方法相比,该网络生成图像的真实感和准确性均有较大优势。

Mass Customization and Design for High Density Indemnificatory Housing in China

The use of computer in architectural design shouldn’t sacrifice the pursuit of a human-oriented built environment.The technological applications should be legitimated by the objectives and motivations in multiple dimensions,but not abuse its generative power against the social and cultural interests.This article is based upon our synthetic computational design research for high density indemnificatory housing in China(Fig.1),which challenges the conventional standard design for large scale social housing in the Industrial Era,and reflects our exploration for innovative,multi-disciplinary,systematic and synthetic design in the new design paradigm of computation.It also promotes to shift the privilege of cutting-edge design techniques and avant-garde concepts from the“High(end)Architecture”to the ordinary architecture during the unprecedented built-environment development in China.Architectural design should have no discrimination between the Olympic stadiums in the capital and the social housing in the subordinate developed cities,as they both need to be innovative and meaningful.The final design research outputs address sustainable transformation initiated by the residents during the whole life span of the housing.We believe that the human factor(including stakeholders,users,designers and builders)is even more important in architectural design,city planning,urban design,landscape and interior design while technology development is accelerating.Conceptualization,imagination and systemization would become significant pacemakers which perpetuate design innovation.

Overview of Design and Construction Points Analysis for the Rotating Continuous Girder Bridge

With the advancement of the economy,the construction of roads and bridges has assumed a crucial role in the development of China’s highway transportation system.The interplay between the design and construction technologies of road bridges is pivotal,as it directly impacts the subsequent operation and maintenance phases.Although the design and construction techniques for continuous girder transitions have been progressively improving,challenges still persist.This paper takes the example of the continuous girder design for the T-structure(75 m+75 m)of the Xintai Highway Crossing Yanzhou-Shijiusuo Railway Separation Interchange Project and delves into an analysis of the structural design calculations for the bridge transition,the transition structure’s design,and critical considerations during construction.The findings presented here can serve as a valuable reference for similar project designs.

多体位智能轮椅床椅转换装置的运动学仿真分析

介绍了多体位智能轮椅的坐、躺、立、蹲、行5种姿态的转换功能,对床椅转换装置进行简化处理,建立背板机构的运动学模型,利用MATLAB对模型进行计算,得到背板的角速度和角加速度时间的运动曲线。利用ADAMS对优化后的装置模型进行运动学分析,得到改进后床椅转换装置的运动曲线。结果表明:该装置具有较好的运动学性能,在床椅转换过程中背板的最大角加速度达到了16°/s^(2),小于人体所能承受的最大角加速度50°/s^(2)。改进后,床椅平稳转换的时间有所延长,转换过程耗时7.5 s,在0.7~6.9 s内,背板运动趋于加速度接近0的平稳运动,表明推杆速度设计合理。

国内外大型邮轮设计建造标准化研究

大型邮轮核心设计建造技术是我国造船行业正在攻克的技术难点之一。本文通过对比分析国内外大型邮轮设计建造技术的发展现状,研究我国大型邮轮自主可控设计建造技术的发展方向,梳理国内外大型邮轮设计建造领域标准化工作进程,明确我国自主技术标准研制的需求与关键内容,提出我国大型邮轮自主设计建造标准化工作发展建议,为今后我国大型邮轮设计建造领域加快推进数字化智能化技术深度应用、加大关键技术标准研制力度、构建完善技术标准体系、实现行业的转型升级提供理论指导。

思政元素融入复变函数与积分变换课程的教学案例研究

为培养新时代中国社会主义的建设者和接班人,贯彻落实立德树人的根本任务,在复变函数与积分变换的教学过程中自然地融入课程思政元素,建立该课程的课程思政教学案例库是势在必行的。首先,深入挖掘思政元素与数学专业知识的结合点。其次,对线上线下混合教学模式进行课程思政设计。最后,形成适合本课程的课程思政教学案例。通过对课程思政案例的教学实践,教育引导学生成为热爱祖国、富有理想、视野宽广、德才兼备的创新型人才。