High-Precision Doppler Frequency Estimation Based Positioning Using OTFS Modulations by Red and Blue Frequency Shift Discriminator

Orthogonal Time Frequency and Space(OTFS) modulation is expected to provide high-speed and ultra-reliable communications for emerging mobile applications, including low-orbit satellite communications. Using the Doppler frequency for positioning is a promising research direction on communication and navigation integration. To tackle the high Doppler frequency and low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) in satellite communication, this paper proposes a Red and Blue Frequency Shift Discriminator(RBFSD) based on the pseudo-noise(PN) sequence.The paper derives that the cross-correlation function on the Doppler domain exhibits the characteristic of a Sinc function. Therefore, it applies modulation onto the Delay-Doppler domain using PN sequence and adjusts Doppler frequency estimation by red-shifting or blue-shifting. Simulation results show that the performance of Doppler frequency estimation is close to the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound when the SNR is greater than -15dB. The proposed algorithm is about 1/D times less complex than the existing PN pilot sequence algorithm, where D is the resolution of the fractional Doppler.

An Efficient Second-Order Convergent Scheme for One-Side Space Fractional Diffusion Equations with Variable Coefficients

In this paper,a second-order fnite-diference scheme is investigated for time-dependent space fractional difusion equations with variable coefcients.In the presented scheme,the Crank-Nicolson temporal discretization and a second-order weighted-and-shifted Grünwald-Letnikov spatial discretization are employed.Theoretically,the unconditional stability and the second-order convergence in time and space of the proposed scheme are established under some conditions on the variable coefcients.Moreover,a Toeplitz preconditioner is proposed for linear systems arising from the proposed scheme.The condition number of the preconditioned matrix is proven to be bounded by a constant independent of the discretization step-sizes,so that the Krylov subspace solver for the preconditioned linear systems converges linearly.Numerical results are reported to show the convergence rate and the efciency of the proposed scheme.

Simulation of γ spectrum-shifting based on the parameter adjustment of Gaussian function space

Based on the statistical characteristics of energy spectrum and the features of spectrum-shifting in spectrometry,the parameter adjustment method of Gaussian function space was applied in the simulation of spectrum-shifting.The transient characteristics of energy spectrum were described by the Gaussian function space,and then the Gaussian function space was transferred by parameter adjustment method.Furthermore,the spectrum-shifting in measurement of energy spectrum was simulated.The applied example shows that the parameters can be adjusted flexibly by this method to meet the various requirements in simulation of energy spectrum-shifting.This method was one parameterized simulation method with good performance for the practical application.

Performance Analysis of AF Relaying Aided Space Shift Keying System with Imperfect Channel Estimation

Space shift keying (SSK) is a spectrally efficient and low-complexity technique that only uses antenna index to convey information.Combining SSK with cooperative communication,the transmission reliability of SSK system can be improved effectively.In this paper,considering imperfect channel information,the performance of cooperative SSK system with amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying protocol is investigated,and the effect of estimation error on the performance is analyzed.According to the performance analysis,the probability density function and moment generating function of effective signal-to-noise ratio are derived,respectively.Using these results,the closed-form expression of average bit error rate (BER) can be achieved.Meanwhile,the asymptotically approximated BER and the corresponding diversity order analysis are presented for the performance evaluation.By computer simulations,the validness of the presented theoretical analysis is verified,and the theoretical BERs with different estimation errors are shown to be close to those of the corresponding simulations.

CHARACTERIZATIONS OF PRINCIPAL SHIFT-INVARIANT SPACES

Shifts-invariant spaces in L 1(R) are investigated. First,based on a study of the system of linearly difference operators,the method of constructing generators with linearly independent shifts is provided. Then the characterizations of the closed shift-invariant subspaces in L 1(R) are given in terms of such generators and the local basis of shift-invariant subspaces.

Exact Solutions of Variation Problem on Shiftability of Principal Shift Invariant Spaces

A complete answer to the shiftability of a principal shift invariant spaces and a scaled version is given. The congruence of spectrum plays a kernel role. It characterizes essentially the shiftability and the scale of any principal shift variant spaces. Some examples relative to signal analysis are discussed associated with an explanation to the failure of generalizing Shannon s sampling theorem from band limitted to band pass case.

Adaptive Mapping Generalized Space Shift Keying Modulation

Generalized Space Shift Keying （GSSK） modulation is a low-complexity spatial nmltiplexing technique for nmltiple-antenna wireless systems. However, effective transmit antenna combinations have to be preselected, and there exist redundant antenna combinations which are not used in GSSK. In this paper, a novel adaptive mapping scheme for GSSK modulation, named as Adaptive Mapping Generalized Space Shift Keying （AMGSSK）, is presented. Compared with GSSK, the antenna combinations are updated adaptively according to the Channel State Inforrmtion （CSI） in the proposed AMGSSK system, and the perfonrance of average Symbol Error Rate （SER） is reduced considerably. In the proposed scheme, two algorithrrs for selecting the optimum antenna combinations are described. The SER perfonmnce of AMGSSK is analyzed theoretically, and validated by Monte Carlo sinmlation. It is shown that the proposed AMGSSK scheme has good perfonmnce in SER and spectral efficiency.

On Invertibility of Functional Operators with Shift in Weighted Holder Spaces

In this paper, we consider functional operators with shift in weighted H?lder spaces. We present the main idea and the scheme of proof of the conditions of invertibility for these operators. As an application, we propose to use these results for solution of equations with shift which arise in the study of cyclic models for natural systems with renewable resources.

Reconstruction of sampling in shift-invariant space using generalized inverse

A method that attempts to recover signal using generalized inverse theory is presented to obtain a good approximation of the signal in reconstruction space from its generalized samples. The proposed approaches differ with the assumptions on reconstruction space. If the reconstruction space satisfies one-to-one relationship between the samples and the reconstruction model, then we propose a method, which achieves consistent signal reconstruction. At the same time, when the number of samples is more than the number of reconstruction functions, the minimal-norm reconstruction signal can be obtained. Finally, it is demonstrated that the minimal-norm reconstruction can outperform consistent signal reconstruction in both theory and simulations for the problem.

Asymmetric Multi-channel Sampling in a Series of Shift Invariant Spaces

We show asymmetric multi-channel sampling on a series of a shift invariant spaces ∑a^m=1v（φ（ta）） with a series of Riesz generators ∑a^m=1φ（ta） in L2（R）, where each channeled signal is assigned a uniform but distinct sampling rate. We use Fourier duality between ∑a^m=1v（φ（ta））and L2[0, 2π] to find conditions under which there is a stable asymmetric multi-channel sampling formula on ∑a^m=1v（φ（ta））.

基于SSK的室内VLPC系统设计及性能分析

本文设计了一个多输入单输出(Multiple-Input Single-Output,MISO)的三维室内可见光定位通信一体化(Visible Light Position and Communication,VLPC)系统,该系统在接收端基于接收信号强度(Received Signal Strength,RSS)的三维可见光定位(Visible Light Position,VLP)算法获得定位数据,同时估计信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)并上传给发射端进行定向通信.该系统的发射端基于空移键控(Space Shift Keying,SSK)的室内可见光通信(Visible Light Communication,VLC)技术实现系统的通信功能.另外,本方案可以完全避免通信与定位子系统之间的干扰.同时,通过推导定位误差的克拉美罗下界(Cramér-Rao Lower Bound,CRLB)和SSK-VLC的通信可达速率来评估本文提出的VLPC系统的性能.仿真结果验证了本文所提方案的有效性.

三有源桥DC-DC变换器广义状态空间平均模型及控制策略研究

基于移相加占空比控制策略的三有源桥TAB(triple active bridge)DC-DC变换器具有效率高和软开关范围可扩展等优点,但其小信号建模过程复杂、闭环控制环路参数整定困难。针对该问题,提出1种TAB工作在移相加占空比控制下的全阶连续广义状态平均建模和PI控制器设计方法。首先,分析TAB的运行原理和Y型等效结构;然后,结合移相加占空比控制的特点和交流方波源等效方法,推导出TAB的广义状态空间平均模型;接着,在推得模型的基础上求得输入到输出的传递函数,设计出PI控制器参数。最后,结合数字仿真及样机实验验证了所提方法的正确性及有效性。

企业研发经费的就业效应——基于制造业资本品上下游行业的空间计量分析

加大企业研发经费(R&D经费)投入会对就业产生何种影响是非常值得关注的问题。本文首先建立了基于研发而形成的资本品上下游行业模型,从理论上分析企业R&D经费对就业的影响。然后,基于我国2012—2021年制造业行业数据,运用空间计量的方法对企业R&D经费的就业规模总效应和上下游行业就业结构变化进行实证检验。研究发现:我国企业R&D经费对就业规模总效应不显著;但资本品上游行业企业R&D经费增加会负向影响下游行业就业,使上游行业就业占比增加,发生就业结构上迁。异质性分析表明,设备型上游行业组的就业结构上迁效应明显。机制分析表明,上游行业产品创新增加促进了下游行业的资本品使用,对下游行业劳动力产生替代,促使就业结构向上迁移。研究结论对优化创新和就业政策、减缓摩擦性失业有一定现实意义和参考价值。

KSS1536型空间受限原煤分级筛的研制与应用

为解决空间受限原煤分级筛的安装技术难题,设计研制了一种基于重心偏移原理的KSS-1536型原煤分级筛,并详细介绍了其筛分原理、筛板结构、筛机材质及应用效果。该型筛机采用了重心偏移技术,可促使物料迅速分层,避免筛机入料端物料堆积,同时排料端物料运动速度慢,有利于延长筛分时间、提高筛分效率;采用空间阶梯形冲孔筛板,具备常规冲孔筛板和梳齿阶梯筛板的优点,可增加有效筛分面积,并使大颗粒物料不易堵孔、细颗粒物料不易糊孔;筛机材质的性能优于Q355,而应力分析显示筛机所受最大应力为36.9 MPa,发生在激振梁上,筛箱整体及各关键部件的刚度和强度均满足设计要求。应用效果表明:KSS1536型原煤分级筛可在空间受限的情况下使用,应用于平顶山八矿选煤厂智能干选后物料的分级作业,处理量可达到300 t/h,筛分效率可达90%;同时能够长时间连续稳定运行,日常维护方便。该设备的成功研制与应用,为空间受限条件下原煤分级筛的选型和工艺布置提供了新的思路。

基于Duffing振子的铁路轨道移频信号测量系统设计

铁路轨道作为移频信号的传输载体,其对于信号对象传输轨迹疏密度的辨别能力,决定了轨道体系对移频信号的测量准确性;为实现对信号对象传输频率的准确辨别,设计基于Duffing振子的铁路轨道移频信号测量系统;将电源模块输出的电量信号,按需分配至STM32F103微处理器、移频信号辨别模块与DSP测量单元之中,完善各级应用部件之间的连接关系,实现铁路轨道移频信号测量系统的硬件方案设计;确定移频信号的Duffing振子描述条件,针对其定义形式,构造移频信号的相空间,完成对铁路轨道移频信号的提取;求解铁路轨道的Lyapunov指数,并构建移频信号的Duffing方程,确定混沌测量参数的取值范围,实现对铁路轨道移频信号的测量,联合各级应用部件,完成基于Duffing振子的铁路轨道移频信号测量系统设计;实验结果表明,上述系统测量所得信号传输轨迹疏密度与真实轨迹疏密度相似度较高,并且测量结果准确率最高值达到了84%左右,说明其能够实现对铁路轨道移频信号的准确测量。

多源时空数据驱动的城市地下空间规划范式变革趋向分析

文章分析了复合目标导向下的地下空间规划数据驱动需求,归纳了多源时空数据的基本特征及其地下空间规划应用场景。面向新时代国土空间规划治理的发展要求,从技术方法、成果形式、管控模式、管控要素等角度诠释了多源时空数据环境中的地下空间规划范式变革。针对数据驱动型地下空间规划的现状问题提出了相应的改进策略,并构建了数据驱动型地下空间规划框架。

Mean-Shift和Kalman算法在工件分拣技术中的应用

针对生产线上动态工件的跟踪分拣问题,提出了一种Kalman预测目标和Mean-Shift搜索目标综合应用的跟踪算法,实现了对履带上工件的动态跟踪。该算法首先利用Kalman滤波估计出后续运动目标的位置、速度和匹配范围,然后使用基于HSV色彩空间融合的Mean-Shift算法进行小范围搜索和目标匹配,最后将Mean-Shift算法得到的目标位置作为下一帧Kalman滤波器的输入参数使得后续状态具有预测的能力,迭代执行,直至搜索到目标为止。实验证明,该算法能够有效解决动态工件的跟踪和定位问题。

基于在线支持向量机的Mean Shift彩色图像跟踪

为了解决传统Mean Shift跟踪方法中目标模板只能从单一图像建立,且很难更新问题,提出了一种新的Mean Shift彩色图像跟踪方法。将RGB颜色空间投影到HSV颜色空间,建立了基于HSV颜色空间的统一直方图核函数模型。为了实现模板在线更新,引入在线支持向量机,推理了基于HSV空间的在线支持向量机的Mean Shift跟踪算法,从而适应目标因尺寸、姿态及光照造成的模型变化。为了验证算法的有效性,对两组国际通用的CAVIAR彩色图像序列进行了跟踪测试。实验结果表明,提出的改进算法在目标姿态、光照或背景发生较大变化时,能有效跟踪目标。当图像分辨率为384×288(目标尺寸约为20×80)时,最快处理速度达40f/s,且跟踪精度比传统Mean Shift提高32.1%。

基于颜色和边缘特征CAM Shift目标跟踪算法

针对连续自适应均值漂移(CAM Shift)目标跟踪算法只适用于特定颜色目标跟踪且容易受到光照变化影响和背景色干扰的缺点,提出了一种改进的CAM Shift目标跟踪算法。该算法采用颜色空间三基色权重直方图建立目标模型,并用目标边缘特征增加目标权重。首先通过颜色空间三基色均匀量化获得特征值,建立基于核函数概率密度估计的目标模型;然后用Sobel算子检测目标边缘特征,结合颜色特征,分别赋予不同的权重投影生成概率密度分布图;最后用MeanShift算法迭代寻找目标,并通过矩运算调整跟踪窗口大小和方向。实验结果表明:该算法可以有效跟踪多色彩目标,并能够抵御一定光照变化和大面积同色干扰的影响。

基于CamShift的自适应颜色空间目标跟踪算法

CamShift算法只适于特定颜色目标的跟踪,针对这一不足,提出了自适应颜色空间目标跟踪算法。依据当前测量值,根据类间平均距离动态选择当前颜色空间。颜色空间更新判断机制的引入,降低了颜色空间更新带来的时间开销。实验结果表明,该算法可以更准确地在复杂背景下的跟踪各种色彩的目标。