Study on Microcapsulation of Onion Oil with Complex Coacervation and Spray Drying Method

[Objective] The aim was to study the microcapsulation of onion oil with double place separation-coacevation and spray drying. [Method] The effect of processing parameters which included the different wall material combination,the ratio between the wall material,the core material content and the feed concentration on the efficiency and yield of microencapsulated was evaluated by single factor experiments. [Result] Through orthogonal optimization experiments, the optimum condition was as follows: the ratio of Arabic gum and maltodextrin ration was 1∶1, the core content was 25%, feed composition was 18%, and the microencapsulation efficiency and yield can reach 80.7% and 95.3% respectively. [Conclusion] The microcapsulaiton of onion oil with complex coacervation spray drying method can increase membrane thickness, improve core stability and prolong shelf life of products.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Some Varieties of Onion

The content of polyphenolic in commercial onions has been determined. The antioxidant activity of their ethanolic extracts, as well as their effects on the oxidation of edible corn oil during accelerated ageing, was studied. Maceration of taxonomically identified commercial vegetable samples, previously peeled and thinly sliced, was carried out at ambient temperature, out of direct light, with occasional agitation and ultrasound, employing 95% ethyl alcohol as the extraction solvent, allowing them to stand for 7 days. The total polyphenolic contents were determined on the filtrated extracts using the Folin-Ciocalteau method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated on emulsions of ethanolic extracts of onion prepared in edible commercial corn oil, using sorbitan monooleate as emulsifying agent. The peroxide values were analyzed using the iodometric method;oxidation induction times were obtained from the peroxide evolution graphs, using the tangent method. Oil samples emulsified with ethanolic onion extracts showed an extension of the induction period. A 7 day ageing study at 45℃ was additionally performed to determine the conjugated dienes on pure commercial corn oil and its emulsions by visible spectrophotometry. The spectral analysis showed an increase of the measured absorbances in oil samples without additives and no change for the oils emulsified with onion extract. An increasing of diene values was observed for corn oil without additives during ageing;no changes in the value were observed in oils emulsified with onion extracts.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Some Varieties of Onions

The content of polyphenolic substances in commercial onions has been determined. The antioxidant activity of their ethanolic extracts, as well as their effects on the oxidation of edible corn oil during accelerated ageing was studied. Maceration of taxonomically identified commercial vegetable samples, previously peeled and thinly sliced, was carried out at ambient temperature, out of direct light, with occasional agitation and ultrasound, employing 95% ethyl alcohol as the extraction solvent, allowing them to stand for 7 days. The total polyphenolic contents were determined on the filtrated extracts using the Folin-Ciocalteau method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated on emulsions of ethanolic extracts of onion prepared in edible commercial corn oil, using sorbitan monooleate as emulsifying agent. The peroxide values were analyzed using the iodometric method;oxidation induction times were obtained from the peroxide evolution graphs, using the tan- gent method. Oil samples emulsified with ethanolic onion extracts showed an extension of the induction period. A 7-day ageing study at 45?C was additionally performed to determine the conjugated dienes on pure commercial corn oil and its emulsions by visible spectrophotometry. The spectral analysis showed an increase of the measured absorbancies in oil samples without additives and no change for the oils emulsified with onion extract. An increasing of diene values was observed for corn oil without additives during ageing;no changes in the value were observed in oils emulsified with onion extracts.

响应面法优化分蘖洋葱精油提取工艺

以分蘖洋葱为原料,研究微波辅助有机溶剂法提取分蘖洋葱精油工艺。在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法优化提取工艺。结果表明:最佳提取工艺为液料比8.2∶1(mL/g)、微波功率401 W、微波时间7.3 min、微波温度30.2℃,在此工艺条件下,分蘖洋葱精油得率可达0.461%。

洋葱油的提取价值及其技术研究

综述了洋葱的开发价值，指出了洋葱油可以作为医疗保健药品，对防治动脉硬化、降血压、抗糖尿病、抵抗传染病等都具有良好的功效。并分别用蒸馏法和溶剂法研究了洋葱的提取技术，平均出油率在3‰左右。

大蒜油和洋葱油对四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用

目的:研究大蒜油和洋葱油对糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用。方法:小鼠腹腔注射四氧嘧啶建立糖尿病动物模型,以不同剂量的大蒜油和洋葱油分别灌胃给予糖尿病小鼠30d,测定0、30d时空腹血糖值和30d时糖耐量。动物处死后,取血液测定小鼠糖化血清蛋白、尿素氮含量及血脂水平。结果:以92.6mg/(kgbw·d)灌胃给予模型小鼠大蒜油或洋葱油30d,其空腹血糖值、血糖曲线下面积、尿素氮、糖化血清蛋白水平均低于模型对照组小鼠,且有显著性差异(P<0.05),对糖尿病小鼠肝肾及胰岛损伤亦有不同程度的保护作用。结论:大蒜油和洋葱油对糖尿病小鼠具有降血糖作用,并对糖尿病引起的肝肾及胰岛损伤有保护作用。

洋葱油提取工艺的研究

研究了不同温浸条件、真空度、蒸馏时间、萃取溶剂对洋葱油质量和得率的影响 ,提出了一条适宜工厂化生产的减压蒸馏提取洋葱油的工艺条件 ,即 :洋葱匀浆 30℃温浸 3h ,蒸馏真空度 5～ 8kPa ,萃取溶剂为二氯甲烷。这一工艺条件下所得的洋葱油质量好。

不同因素对同时蒸馏-萃取法(SDE)提取洋葱精油的影响

本实验就加水量、溶剂用量和NaCl溶液浓度三个因素对SDE洋葱精油的影响进行探讨,通过实验确定当洋葱浆液与NaCl溶液(90g/1000ml)的比例为1:2、溶剂用量为15ml时,提取得到的含硫化合物浓度较高。

紫皮洋葱油索氏提取工艺优化

采用响应曲面法对紫皮洋葱油提取工艺进行优化。以紫皮洋葱油得率为指标,采用索氏提取法,对提取溶剂,提取时间,料液比和回流温度等提取条件进行单因素试验。在此基础上,根据Box-Benhnken中心组合方法进行三因素三水平的试验设计,并进行响应面分析。结果表明,紫皮洋葱油最佳提取工艺条件为:石油醚为溶剂,料液比为3.64/80(g:mL),提取时间为3.83h,回流温度为78.49℃。在此工艺条件下,紫皮洋葱油得率理论值为0.462%,实测值为0.470%,与理论值相比,相对误差为1.73%。

复合保鲜剂对鲜切山药保鲜效果的影响

为了延缓鲜切山药的褐变和品质劣变,延长保鲜期。从洋葱中提取洋葱油,结合保鲜剂柠檬酸和壳聚糖,以色差L*值和感官评分为考察指标,在单因素试验的基础上进行正交试验,筛选适合鲜切山药保鲜的复合保鲜剂配方。结果表明:鲜切山药最佳保鲜剂组合为0.6%洋葱油+1.0%柠檬酸+1.0%壳聚糖,与清水处理相比,该组合可显著抑制鲜切山药贮藏过程中多酚氧化酶(PPO)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性,降低鲜切山药的相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量,延缓失重和软化,保持鲜切山药的亮度和总酚含量,维持鲜切山药可溶性固形物和还原糖含量,且具有较好的感官品质。与对照组相比,该复合保鲜剂可使鲜切山药保鲜期延长6d左右。

原料的不同预处理方式对洋葱油得率的影响

就洋葱粉的干燥方式、含水率和破碎粒度3个因素对超临界流体萃取洋葱油的得率予以探讨.研究表明,以含水率为6%,粒径在0.45～0.90 mm冻干洋葱粉为原料,可获得较高的提取得率.

复凝聚法制备葱油香精微胶囊

探讨了以明胶、阿拉伯胶为壁材,用复凝聚法制备葱油香精微胶囊的工艺条件。分析了芯壁质量比、pH值、固化时间对微胶囊成囊效果的影响,制备葱油香精微胶囊的适宜工艺为:芯壁材质量比1∶2;pH值4.15;固化剂为谷氨酰胺转氨酶,用量为明胶质量的25%,固化时间12h。采用喷雾干燥法(进风温度185℃,出风温度80℃,进料温度50℃)可以制备出葱油香精微胶囊粉状产品,产品的含水率为2.87%,包埋率为89.55%。

分蘖葱头挥发成分的提取工艺研究

研究吉林乌拉街镇产的分蘖葱头挥发油提取及其化学成分。采用同时蒸馏萃取法提取挥发油,单因素实验进行工艺条件优化研究,通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其化学成分进行了分析。从分蘖葱头挥发油中分离出48个色谱峰,鉴定出28个化合物,已鉴定的化合物占总峰面积的87.94%、挥发油化合物总数的58.33%。其主要成分是甲基丙基二硫醚、甲基烯丙基二硫醚、二甲基三硫醚、甲基烯丙基三硫醚、二丙基三硫醚、丙基戊基二硫醚、丙基己基二硫醚类含硫化合物。同时蒸馏提取最优工艺条件为:温浸温度20℃,温浸时间1 h,萃取剂用量60 mL,萃取时间4 h。最优条件下,挥发油得率为0.78%,含硫化合物含量83.51%。分蘖葱头挥发油多数成分首次从分蘖葱头中分离得到。同时蒸馏提取与传统水蒸气蒸馏法相比,分蘖葱头挥发油得率和含硫化合物含量均相对较高。

同时蒸馏-萃取法(SDE)提取洋葱精油的研究

以新鲜洋葱为原料,采用同时蒸馏-萃取法(SDE)提取精油,比较了酶解温度、酶解时间、酶解pH和提取时间对洋葱精油提取的影响,并以提取时间、酶解时间和酶解温度为考查因素,采用L9(33)正交实验确定了同时蒸馏-萃取法提取精油的最佳工艺参数为:提取时间2.5h,酶解时间1.5h,酶解温度40℃。在上述提取条件下,SDE洋葱精油中含硫化合物浓度可达28354mg/kg(相对于内标物的浓度)。

溶剂法提取洋葱油的工艺研究

系统研究了样品不同的预处理方法、浸提溶剂、浸提时间等对洋葱油质量和得率的影响,确定了一条操作简单的洋葱油提取工艺,较佳条件为:新鲜洋葱直接匀浆,常温下用石油醚浸提9h,这一工艺条件下所得的洋葱油质量好、得率为0.158%;采用索氏提取法洋葱油得率可提高到0.440%。

洋葱精油提取工艺研究及化学成分GC/MS分析

目的:洋葱精油素有"保健精油"的美称,在食品、化妆品及医药行业有重要应用,通过提取洋葱精油,并对其成分进行研究,以期为洋葱深加工及其相关领域的深入研究提供新的思路,并为洋葱的进一步开发应用奠定良好的基础。方法:用水蒸气蒸馏法对洋葱进行精油的提取,优化了提取工艺,并将所得精油通过GC/MS分析。结果:最佳工艺参考值为提取时间2h,酶解时间2h,酶解温度35℃,NaCl溶液浓度5g/dL。对检测结果进行分析,鉴定出27种化学成分。

离子液体超声-微波协同制取洋葱精油

以离子液体[BMIM]PF6作为生物催化介质,结果显示洋葱蒜氨酸酶在含25%[BMIM]PF6催化体系中的活性比在纯缓冲液介质中明显要高,对高温变性作用的抵抗能力也相应增强,但若离子液体浓度过高会对酶催化作用的发挥产生阻碍。以洋葱蒜氨酸为底物,测得离子液体[BMIM]PF6/缓冲液两相体系中蒜氨酸酶的米氏常数为0.591mmol·L-1,最大反应速率为0.316mmol·L-1·min-1,Vmax/Km约为缓冲液单相体系中的两倍。实验还尝试发挥疏水性离子液体[BMIM]PF6作为生物催化介质和萃取剂的双重功能,并将其与超声-微波协同萃取技术相结合应用于洋葱精油制取的酶解和萃取过程,明显提高了酶解效率和精油得率,将制得的精油经GC-MS分析,共鉴定出22种物质,其中19种为含硫化合物。

超临界CO_2流体萃取洋葱油的工艺研究

进行超临界CO2萃取洋葱油的试验研究,探讨萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间以及夹带剂用量等对洋葱油得率的影响,并通过正交试验确定了超临界CO2技术萃取洋葱油的最佳工艺参数。结果表明,影响洋葱油得率主要因素的依次顺序为萃取压力>夹带剂用量>萃取温度>萃取时间。萃取压力20MPa,加入无水乙醇15%为夹带剂,萃取温度40℃,萃取时间240min,洋葱油得率可达到0.492%。

微波辅助萃取洋葱精油的研究

本实验以精油产率为评价指标,进行了洋葱精油的微波辅助萃取工艺研究,考察了萃取溶剂种类、温浸时间、萃取温度、萃取时间和料液比对精油产率的影响,并在单因素考察基础上,通过正交实验设计得出优化工艺条件。结果表明,在以二氯甲烷为萃取溶剂,萃取温度25℃,萃取时间45s,酶解时间1.5小时,料液比1∶5的条件下可得到最优工艺条件。与传统的溶剂浸提法、索氏提取法相比较,微波辅助提取具有提取时间短、效率高、节约能源、产品质量高、原料利用率高、无污染等优点,并且明显提高了洋葱油中二丙基二硫醚组分的含量。

β-环糊精制备葱油香精微胶囊的工艺研究

文章研究了以β-环糊精为壁材制备葱油香精微胶囊的工艺,考察了制备工艺中芯壁比、β-环糊精浓度、包埋温度、包埋时间对β-环糊精制备葱油香精微胶囊包埋效果的影响,通过实验得到了葱油香精微胶囊的最佳工艺条件,芯壁比1∶10,β-环糊精浓度为15%,包埋温度为50℃,包埋时间为120 min,同时对微胶囊产品进行了初步的质量评定。