Purpose: To understand how authors and reviewers are accepting and embracing Open Peer Review(OPR), one of the newest innovations in the Open Science movement.Design/methodology/approach: This research collected and a...Purpose: To understand how authors and reviewers are accepting and embracing Open Peer Review(OPR), one of the newest innovations in the Open Science movement.Design/methodology/approach: This research collected and analyzed data from the Open Access journal Peer J over its first three years(2013–2016). Web data were scraped, cleaned, and structured using several Web tools and programs. The structured data were imported into a relational database. Data analyses were conducted using analytical tools as well as programs developed by the researchers.Findings: Peer J, which supports optional OPR, has a broad international representation of authors and referees. Approximately 73.89% of articles provide full review histories. Of the articles with published review histories, 17.61% had identities of all reviewers and 52.57% had at least one signed reviewer. In total, 43.23% of all reviews were signed. The observed proportions of signed reviews have been relatively stable over the period since the Journal’s inception.Research limitations: This research is constrained by the availability of the peer review history data. Some peer reviews were not available when the authors opted out of publishing their review histories. The anonymity of reviewers made it impossible to give an accurate count of reviewers who contributed to the review process. Practical implications: These findings shed light on the current characteristics of OPR. Given the policy that authors are encouraged to make their articles’ review history public and referees are encouraged to sign their review reports, the three years of Peer J review data demonstrate that there is still some reluctance by authors to make their reviews public and by reviewers to identify themselves. Originality/value: This is the first study to closely examine Peer J as an example of an OPR model journal. As Open Science moves further towards open research, OPR is a final and critical component. Research in this area must identify the best policies and paths towards a transparent and open peer review process for scientific communication.展开更多
The year of 1994 was a milestone on a historical road of the textile trade development worldwide. The Final Act concluding the Uruguay Round and officially establishing the WTO regime was signed during ministerial mee...The year of 1994 was a milestone on a historical road of the textile trade development worldwide. The Final Act concluding the Uruguay Round and officially establishing the WTO regime was signed during ministerial meeting at Marrakesh, Morroco on the 15th of April, 1994, and hence is known as the Marrakesh Agreement. That marked a beginning of quota phase out. China has been on a resolute stance to trade restrictions and protectionism all through quota phase out and post-quota period and will continue to do so when safeguard deal terminates…展开更多
以Arksey和O'Malley的范围综述方法学为框架,检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、ERIC、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库和维普数据库中开放性考试对评判性思维培养的相关研究,并手工检索相关参考文献,对开放性考试在评判性思维培...以Arksey和O'Malley的范围综述方法学为框架,检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、ERIC、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库和维普数据库中开放性考试对评判性思维培养的相关研究,并手工检索相关参考文献,对开放性考试在评判性思维培养中的应用进行范围综述,归纳和总结开放性测试在评判性思维培养中的应用现状,为今后医学教育教学工作的研究提供参考。实践表明,开放性考试对医学生评判性思维培养具有积极作用,但在适用的范畴、学科以及题目的设计、评价的规范等方面还需要进一步探索。展开更多
Despite established evidence on the advantages of laparoscopy in colon cancer resection,the use of laparoscopy for rectal cancer resection is still controversial.The initial concern was mainly regarding the feasibilit...Despite established evidence on the advantages of laparoscopy in colon cancer resection,the use of laparoscopy for rectal cancer resection is still controversial.The initial concern was mainly regarding the feasibility of laparoscopy to achieve an adequate total mesorectal excision specimen.These concerns have been raised following early studies demonstrating higher rates of circumferential margins positivity following laparoscopic resection,as compared to open surgery.Similar to colon resection,patients undergoing laparoscopic rectal cancer resection are expected to benefit from a shorter length of hospital stay,less analgesic requirements,and a faster recovery of bowel function.In the past decade there have been an increasing number of large scale clinical trials investigating the oncological and perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic rectal cancer resection.In this review we summarize the current literature available on laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.展开更多
[目的/意义]评价Linked Open Data Enabled Bibliographical Data(LODE-BD)3.0一书在开放关联数据赋能书目数据方面做出的学术贡献,帮助读者掌握开放关联数据的应用技能。[方法/过程]阐述开放关联数据应用指南的编撰目的,理解LODE-BD的...[目的/意义]评价Linked Open Data Enabled Bibliographical Data(LODE-BD)3.0一书在开放关联数据赋能书目数据方面做出的学术贡献,帮助读者掌握开放关联数据的应用技能。[方法/过程]阐述开放关联数据应用指南的编撰目的,理解LODE-BD的实践建议,思考如何将书目数据表示为开放关联数据,帮助用户开放获取相关的书目资源,实现书目资源的互联互通。[结果/结论]该书是一本成熟的,关于如何选择合适编码策略来生成开放关联数据赋能的书目数据的操作指南,具有丰富的理论价值、方法指导与实践意义。展开更多
AIM: To determine whether the outcomes of laparoscopic fenestration (LF) were superior to open fenestration (OF) for congenital liver cysts.METHODS: Comparative studies published between January 1991 and May 2010 on M...AIM: To determine whether the outcomes of laparoscopic fenestration (LF) were superior to open fenestration (OF) for congenital liver cysts.METHODS: Comparative studies published between January 1991 and May 2010 on Medline (Ovid),Emsco,PubMed,Science Direct;Cochrane Reviews;CNKI;Chinese Biomedical Database,VIP and other electronic databases were searched.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective case-control studies on the management of congenital hepatic cysts were collected according to the pre-determined eligibility criteria to establish a literature database.Retrieval was ended in May 2010.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 software (Cochrane library).RESULTS: Nine retrospective case-control studies involving 657 patients,comparing LF with OF were included for the final pooled analysis.The meta-analysis results showed less operative time [mean difference (MD): -28.76,95% CI: -31.03 to 26.49,P < 0.00001];shorter hospital stay (MD: -3.35,95% CI: -4.46 to -2.24,P < 0.00001);less intraoperative blood loss (MD: -40.18,95% CI: -52.54 to -27.82,P < 0.00001);earlier return to regular diet (MD: -29.19,95% CI: -30.65 to -27.72,P < 0.00001) and activities after operation (MD: -21.85,95% CI: -31.18 to -12.51,P < 0.0001) in LF group;there was no significant difference between the two groups in postoperative complications (odds ratio: 0.99,95% CI: 0.41 to 2.38,P = 0.98) and cysts recurrence rates.CONCLUSION: The short-term outcomes of LF for patients with congenital hepatic cysts were superior to open approach,but its long-term outcomes should be verified by further RCTs and extended follow-up.展开更多
文摘Purpose: To understand how authors and reviewers are accepting and embracing Open Peer Review(OPR), one of the newest innovations in the Open Science movement.Design/methodology/approach: This research collected and analyzed data from the Open Access journal Peer J over its first three years(2013–2016). Web data were scraped, cleaned, and structured using several Web tools and programs. The structured data were imported into a relational database. Data analyses were conducted using analytical tools as well as programs developed by the researchers.Findings: Peer J, which supports optional OPR, has a broad international representation of authors and referees. Approximately 73.89% of articles provide full review histories. Of the articles with published review histories, 17.61% had identities of all reviewers and 52.57% had at least one signed reviewer. In total, 43.23% of all reviews were signed. The observed proportions of signed reviews have been relatively stable over the period since the Journal’s inception.Research limitations: This research is constrained by the availability of the peer review history data. Some peer reviews were not available when the authors opted out of publishing their review histories. The anonymity of reviewers made it impossible to give an accurate count of reviewers who contributed to the review process. Practical implications: These findings shed light on the current characteristics of OPR. Given the policy that authors are encouraged to make their articles’ review history public and referees are encouraged to sign their review reports, the three years of Peer J review data demonstrate that there is still some reluctance by authors to make their reviews public and by reviewers to identify themselves. Originality/value: This is the first study to closely examine Peer J as an example of an OPR model journal. As Open Science moves further towards open research, OPR is a final and critical component. Research in this area must identify the best policies and paths towards a transparent and open peer review process for scientific communication.
文摘The year of 1994 was a milestone on a historical road of the textile trade development worldwide. The Final Act concluding the Uruguay Round and officially establishing the WTO regime was signed during ministerial meeting at Marrakesh, Morroco on the 15th of April, 1994, and hence is known as the Marrakesh Agreement. That marked a beginning of quota phase out. China has been on a resolute stance to trade restrictions and protectionism all through quota phase out and post-quota period and will continue to do so when safeguard deal terminates…
文摘以Arksey和O'Malley的范围综述方法学为框架,检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、ERIC、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库和维普数据库中开放性考试对评判性思维培养的相关研究,并手工检索相关参考文献,对开放性考试在评判性思维培养中的应用进行范围综述,归纳和总结开放性测试在评判性思维培养中的应用现状,为今后医学教育教学工作的研究提供参考。实践表明,开放性考试对医学生评判性思维培养具有积极作用,但在适用的范畴、学科以及题目的设计、评价的规范等方面还需要进一步探索。
文摘Despite established evidence on the advantages of laparoscopy in colon cancer resection,the use of laparoscopy for rectal cancer resection is still controversial.The initial concern was mainly regarding the feasibility of laparoscopy to achieve an adequate total mesorectal excision specimen.These concerns have been raised following early studies demonstrating higher rates of circumferential margins positivity following laparoscopic resection,as compared to open surgery.Similar to colon resection,patients undergoing laparoscopic rectal cancer resection are expected to benefit from a shorter length of hospital stay,less analgesic requirements,and a faster recovery of bowel function.In the past decade there have been an increasing number of large scale clinical trials investigating the oncological and perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic rectal cancer resection.In this review we summarize the current literature available on laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.
文摘[目的/意义]评价Linked Open Data Enabled Bibliographical Data(LODE-BD)3.0一书在开放关联数据赋能书目数据方面做出的学术贡献,帮助读者掌握开放关联数据的应用技能。[方法/过程]阐述开放关联数据应用指南的编撰目的,理解LODE-BD的实践建议,思考如何将书目数据表示为开放关联数据,帮助用户开放获取相关的书目资源,实现书目资源的互联互通。[结果/结论]该书是一本成熟的,关于如何选择合适编码策略来生成开放关联数据赋能的书目数据的操作指南,具有丰富的理论价值、方法指导与实践意义。
文摘AIM: To determine whether the outcomes of laparoscopic fenestration (LF) were superior to open fenestration (OF) for congenital liver cysts.METHODS: Comparative studies published between January 1991 and May 2010 on Medline (Ovid),Emsco,PubMed,Science Direct;Cochrane Reviews;CNKI;Chinese Biomedical Database,VIP and other electronic databases were searched.Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective case-control studies on the management of congenital hepatic cysts were collected according to the pre-determined eligibility criteria to establish a literature database.Retrieval was ended in May 2010.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 software (Cochrane library).RESULTS: Nine retrospective case-control studies involving 657 patients,comparing LF with OF were included for the final pooled analysis.The meta-analysis results showed less operative time [mean difference (MD): -28.76,95% CI: -31.03 to 26.49,P < 0.00001];shorter hospital stay (MD: -3.35,95% CI: -4.46 to -2.24,P < 0.00001);less intraoperative blood loss (MD: -40.18,95% CI: -52.54 to -27.82,P < 0.00001);earlier return to regular diet (MD: -29.19,95% CI: -30.65 to -27.72,P < 0.00001) and activities after operation (MD: -21.85,95% CI: -31.18 to -12.51,P < 0.0001) in LF group;there was no significant difference between the two groups in postoperative complications (odds ratio: 0.99,95% CI: 0.41 to 2.38,P = 0.98) and cysts recurrence rates.CONCLUSION: The short-term outcomes of LF for patients with congenital hepatic cysts were superior to open approach,but its long-term outcomes should be verified by further RCTs and extended follow-up.
