Due to the impact of source-load prediction power errors and uncertainties,the actual operation of the park will have a wide range of fluctuations compared with the expected state,resulting in its inability to achieve...Due to the impact of source-load prediction power errors and uncertainties,the actual operation of the park will have a wide range of fluctuations compared with the expected state,resulting in its inability to achieve the expected economy.This paper constructs an operating simulation model of the park power grid operation considering demand response and proposes a multi-time scale operating simulation method that combines day-ahead optimization and model predictive control(MPC).In the day-ahead stage,an operating simulation plan that comprehensively considers the user’s side comfort and operating costs is proposed with a long-term time scale of 15 min.In order to cope with power fluctuations of photovoltaic,wind turbine and conventional load,MPC is used to track and roll correct the day-ahead operating simulation plan in the intra-day stage to meet the actual operating operation status of the park.Finally,the validity and economy of the operating simulation strategy are verified through the analysis of arithmetic examples.展开更多
Based on an analysis of the operational control behavior of operation experts on energy-intensive equipment,this paper proposes an intelligent control method for low-carbon operation by combining mechanism analysis wi...Based on an analysis of the operational control behavior of operation experts on energy-intensive equipment,this paper proposes an intelligent control method for low-carbon operation by combining mechanism analysis with deep learning,linking control and optimization with prediction,and integrating decision-making with control.This method,which consists of setpoint control,self-optimized tuning,and tracking control,ensures that the energy consumption per tonne is as low as possible,while remaining within the target range.An intelligent control system for low-carbon operation is developed by adopting the end-edge-cloud collaboration technology of the Industrial Internet.The system is successfully applied to a fused magnesium furnace and achieves remarkable results in reducing carbon emissions.展开更多
A novel operation control method for relay protection in flexible DC distribution networks with distributed power supply is proposed to address the issue of inaccurate fault location during relay protection,leading to...A novel operation control method for relay protection in flexible DC distribution networks with distributed power supply is proposed to address the issue of inaccurate fault location during relay protection,leading to poor performance.The method combines a fault-tolerant fault location method based on long-term and short-term memory networks to accurately locate the fault section.Then,an operation control method for relay protection based on adaptive weight and whale optimization algorithm(WOA)is used to construct an objective function considering the shortest relay protection action time and the smallest impulse current.The adaptive weight and WOA are employed to obtain the optimal strategy for relay protection operation control,reducing the action time and impulse current.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in accurately locating faults and improving relay protection performance.The longest operation time is reduced by 4.7023 s,and the maximum impulse current is limited to 0.3 A,effectively controlling the impact of large impulse currents and enhancing control efficiency.展开更多
We present two protocols for the controlled remote implementation of quantum operations between three-party high-dimensional systems. Firstly, the controlled teleportation of an arbitrary unitary operation by bidirect...We present two protocols for the controlled remote implementation of quantum operations between three-party high-dimensional systems. Firstly, the controlled teleportation of an arbitrary unitary operation by bidirectional quantum state teleportaion (BQST) with high-dimensional systems is considered. Then, instead of using the BQST method, a protocol for controlled remote implementation of partially unknown operations belonging to some restricted sets in high-dimensional systems is proposed. It is shown that, in these protocols, if and only if the controller would like to help the sender with the remote operations, the controlled remote implementation of quantum operations for high-dimensional systems can be completed.展开更多
Based on analyzing the thermal process of a CDQ (coke dry quenching)-Boiler system, the mathematical model for opti-mized operation and control in the CDQ-Boiler system was developed. It includes a mathematical mode...Based on analyzing the thermal process of a CDQ (coke dry quenching)-Boiler system, the mathematical model for opti-mized operation and control in the CDQ-Boiler system was developed. It includes a mathematical model for heat transferring process in the CDQ unit, a mathematical model for heat transferring process in the boiler and a combustion model for circulating gas in the CDQ-Boiler system. The model was verified by field data, then a series of simulations under several typical operating conditions of CDQ-Boiler were carried on, and in turn, the online relation formulas between the productivity and the optimal circulating gas, and the one between the productivity and the optimal second air, were achieved respectively. These relation equations have been success- fully used in a CDQ-Boiler computer control system in the Baosteel, to realize online optimized guide and control, and meanwhile high efficiency in the CDQ-Boiler system has been achieved.展开更多
Purpose–To address the problem that the current train operation mode that train selects one of several offline pre-generated control schemes before the departure and operates following the scheme after the departure,...Purpose–To address the problem that the current train operation mode that train selects one of several offline pre-generated control schemes before the departure and operates following the scheme after the departure,energy-saving performance of the whole metro system cannot be guaranteed.Design/methodology/approach–A cooperative train control framework is formulated to regulate a novel train operation mode.The classic train four-phase control strategy is improved for generating specific energy-efficient control schemes for each train.An improved brute force(BF)algorithm with a two-layer searching idea is designed to solve the optimisation model of energy-efficient train control schemes.Findings–Case studies on the actual metro line in Guangzhou,China verify the effectiveness of the proposed train control methods compared with four-phase control strategy under different kinds of train operation scenarios and calculation parameters.The verification on the computation efficiency as well as accuracy of the proposed algorithm indicates that it meets the requirement of online optimisation.Originality/value–Most existing studies optimised energy-efficient train timetable or train control strategies through an offline process,which has a defect in coping with the disturbance or delays effectively and promptly during real-time train operation.This paper studies an online optimisation of cooperative train control based on the rolling optimisation idea,where energy-efficient train operation can be realised once train running time is determined,thus mitigating the impact of unpredictable operation situations on the energy-saving performance of trains.展开更多
The Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) is a 34 kW low enriched uranium (LEU) Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), tank-in-pool type and cooled by natural circulation under atmospheric pressure operating conditions...The Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) is a 34 kW low enriched uranium (LEU) Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), tank-in-pool type and cooled by natural circulation under atmospheric pressure operating conditions. GHARR-1 is owned by Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) and operated by National Nuclear Research Institute (NNRI), one of the institutes of GAEC. GHARR-1 is housed by Nuclear Reactors Research Centre (NRRC), one of the Centres of NNRI. Management/Administration, Radiation protection, Reactor operation and maintenance, Reactor utilization and Physical protection are the various systems/units that integrate to manage the activities of operation and utilization of GHARR-1 in addition to the quality assurance and quality control management system of the research reactor facility. The GHARR-1 which is currently in operation follows a robust maintenance culture adopted by the management system and this has made it possible to keep the reactor in operation with minimal interruption. The management system activities adopted at the Centre to ensure safety of the workers, public and the research reactor facility include authorization of the operation of the reactor for any experiments/modifications;providing material and financial resources for maintaining the research reactor facility;following standard procedures while carrying out Neutron Activation Analysis;participation in IAEA proficiency test;irradiation sites/positions characterization;following standard procedures while carrying out reactor operation and maintenance including reactor and pool water purification and other related activities;monitoring radiation levels in the controlled, supervised and uncontrolled areas of the research reactor facility as well as during reactor operation and maintenance;controlling the physical entry of the workers and public into the research reactor facility;and ensuring that the security structures provided to protect the reactor facility are functioning properly. The thorough knowledge on the functions of the various components that make up the electrical/electronic and control systems of the reactor has been observed to be important for continuous successful maintenance of the research reactor to keep the reactor in operation. This work provides some management system activities adopted to monitor the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization to guarantee safety of workers, public and the environment as well as to safeguard a continuous operation of the research reactor. These management system activities adopted among others, are in the form of Monitoring Forms provided for monitoring the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization in order to ensure standard procedures and specifications are followed and quality services are rendered to the public.展开更多
Objective:To explore the role of specialized group management in the quality control of perioperative nursing.Methods:45 surgical nurses from our hospital were selected as the research subjects.Traditional operating r...Objective:To explore the role of specialized group management in the quality control of perioperative nursing.Methods:45 surgical nurses from our hospital were selected as the research subjects.Traditional operating room management was adopted from July 2019 to June 2020,and specialized group management was adopted from July 2020 to June 2021.The surgeon’s satisfaction,surgical nurses’core professional competence,and surgical patients’satisfaction were obtained through surveys and the results were analyzed.Results:Surgeon satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Besides,surgical nurses’core professional competency scores before the implementation of specialized group management were significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Lastly,surgical patients’satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Conclusion:Specialized group management helps to improve the quality of perioperative care and should be applied in clinical practice.展开更多
When D:ξ→η is a linear ordinary differential (OD) or partial differential (PD) operator, a “direct problem” is to find the generating compatibility conditions (CC) in the form of an operator D<sub>1:</su...When D:ξ→η is a linear ordinary differential (OD) or partial differential (PD) operator, a “direct problem” is to find the generating compatibility conditions (CC) in the form of an operator D<sub>1:</sub>η→ξ such that Dξ = η implies D<sub>1</sub>η = 0. When D is involutive, the procedure provides successive first-order involutive operators D<sub>1</sub>,...,D<sub>n </sub>when the ground manifold has dimension n. Conversely, when D<sub>1</sub> is given, a much more difficult “inverse problem” is to look for an operator D:ξ→η having the generating CC D<sub>1</sub>η = 0. If this is possible, that is when the differential module defined by D<sub>1</sub> is “torsion-free”, that is when there does not exist any observable quantity which is a sum of derivatives of η that could be a solution of an autonomous OD or PD equation for itself, one shall say that the operator D<sub>1</sub> is parametrized by D. The parametrization is said to be “minimum” if the differential module defined by D does not contain a free differential submodule. The systematic use of the adjoint of a differential operator provides a constructive test with five steps using double differential duality. We prove and illustrate through many explicit examples the fact that a control system is controllable if and only if it can be parametrized. Accordingly, the controllability of any OD or PD control system is a “built in” property not depending on the choice of the input and output variables among the system variables. In the OD case and when D<sub>1</sub> is formally surjective, controllability just amounts to the formal injectivity of ad(D<sub>1</sub>), even in the variable coefficients case, a result still not acknowledged by the control community. Among other applications, the parametrization of the Cauchy stress operator in arbitrary dimension n has attracted many famous scientists (G. B. Airy in 1863 for n = 2, J. C. Maxwell in 1870, E. Beltrami in 1892 for n = 3, and A. Einstein in 1915 for n = 4). We prove that all these works are already explicitly using the self-adjoint Einstein operator, which cannot be parametrized and the comparison needs no comment. As a byproduct, they are all based on a confusion between the so-called div operator D<sub>2</sub> induced from the Bianchi operator and the Cauchy operator, adjoint of the Killing operator D which is parametrizing the Riemann operator D<sub>1</sub> for an arbitrary n. This purely mathematical result deeply questions the origin and existence of gravitational waves, both with the mathematical foundations of general relativity. As a matter of fact, this new framework provides a totally open domain of applications for computer algebra as the quoted test can be studied by means of Pommaret bases and related recent packages.展开更多
On the basis of the first jig separation stage, the relational mathematical model related to ash content and the coutent of coal gangue with a density less than 1. 8 g/cm3 is established. With this model, the discharg...On the basis of the first jig separation stage, the relational mathematical model related to ash content and the coutent of coal gangue with a density less than 1. 8 g/cm3 is established. With this model, the discharge rate of reruse can be adjusted automatically and exactly by the conveutional PI regulator.The control stratedes for water capacity, air pressure, and feed capacity of the jig are introduced.Combined with the Expert system technology, jig expert system (JEP) is developed.展开更多
This paper describes the control software together with the operational hardware, which successfully realizes the operation of a new fully programmable imaging system with high spatial and temporal resolutions on the ...This paper describes the control software together with the operational hardware, which successfully realizes the operation of a new fully programmable imaging system with high spatial and temporal resolutions on the KT5D magnetic torus, for observing the visible l ight emission from the plasma discharge.展开更多
A Thomson scattering diagnostic system is under construction at the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak(J-TEXT). A 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser with 50 Hz repetition rate is used as the laser source. We have used a software f...A Thomson scattering diagnostic system is under construction at the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak(J-TEXT). A 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser with 50 Hz repetition rate is used as the laser source. We have used a software for careful and precise control of the laser through serial communication. A time sequence operating system has been developed to synchronize the laser control and data acquisition system with the central control system(CSS). The system operates commands from the CSS of J-TEXT and generates triggers for the laser and data acquisition system in the proper sequence. It also measures an asynchronous time value that is needed for accurate time stamping. All functions are served by a field-programmable gate array development platform that is suitable for high-speed data and signal processing applications.Several embedded peripherals, including Ethernet and USB 2.0, provide communication with the CSS and the server.展开更多
Objective: This paper aims to explore the impact of optimizing details in the operating room on the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of hospital infection prevention and control by surgeons, as well as the e...Objective: This paper aims to explore the impact of optimizing details in the operating room on the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of hospital infection prevention and control by surgeons, as well as the effectiveness of infection control. Methods: From January 2022 to June 2023, a total of 120 patients were screened and randomly divided into a control group (routine care and hospital infection management) and a study group (optimizing details in the operating room). Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups in the data of surgeons’ level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in hospital infection prevention and control, infection rates, and nursing satisfaction, with the study group showing better results (P Conclusion: The use of optimizing details in the operating room among surgeons can effectively improve surgeons’ level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in hospital infection prevention and control, reduce infection occurrence, and is worth promoting.展开更多
This paper outlines the internal control management of hospital accounting and finance,introducing its concept,importance,and objectives.It then analyzes the problems existing in the internal control management of hos...This paper outlines the internal control management of hospital accounting and finance,introducing its concept,importance,and objectives.It then analyzes the problems existing in the internal control management of hospital accounting and finance,including an unsound management system,insufficient system implementation,inadequate risk assessment and control capabilities,poor information communication,weak internal supervision,and uneven personnel quality.The reasons for these problems are also analyzed,including outdated management concepts,irrational organizational structures,imperfect training and incentive mechanisms,low levels of information technology,and changes in the external environment.This paper proposes improvement measures for the internal control management of hospital accounting,including enhancing the management system,strengthening system implementation,improving risk assessment and control capabilities,enhancing the information communication mechanism,strengthening internal supervision,improving personnel quality,advancing information technology,and adapting to changes in the external environment.展开更多
The contradiction between the increasing material demand and resource,is the country has faced problems,to better solve the material demand and the contradiction between the environment and resources,is applied to the...The contradiction between the increasing material demand and resource,is the country has faced problems,to better solve the material demand and the contradiction between the environment and resources,is applied to the development of new energy,new energy,not only can alleviate people and resources,environment and resources,the contradiction between people and the environment,also can promote the sustainable development of world economy,HVAC technology has emerged a new generation of energysaving technology,HVAC has the characteristics of low consumption,low pollution,is a development of technology,to be promoted for environmentfriendly,resource-conserving society has an important role in promoting.This paper focuses on the HVAC technology,water source heat pump system operation control and energy consumption optimization,for the relevant personnel reference.展开更多
Any unknown unitary operations conditioned on a control system can be deterministically performed if ancillary subspaces are available for the target systems [Zhou X Q, et al. 2011 Nat. Commun. 2 413]. In this paper, ...Any unknown unitary operations conditioned on a control system can be deterministically performed if ancillary subspaces are available for the target systems [Zhou X Q, et al. 2011 Nat. Commun. 2 413]. In this paper, we show that previous optical schemes may be extended to general hybrid systems if unknown operations are provided by optical instruments. Moreover, a probabilistic scheme is proposed when the unknown operation may be performed on the subspaces of ancillary high-dimensional systems. Furthermore, the unknown operations conditioned on the multi-control system may be reduced to the case with a control system using additional linear circuit complexity. The new schemes may be more flexible for different systems or hybrid systems.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Research Institute:Research on Data-Driven New Power System Operation Simulation and Multi Agent Control Strategy(52053022000F).
文摘Due to the impact of source-load prediction power errors and uncertainties,the actual operation of the park will have a wide range of fluctuations compared with the expected state,resulting in its inability to achieve the expected economy.This paper constructs an operating simulation model of the park power grid operation considering demand response and proposes a multi-time scale operating simulation method that combines day-ahead optimization and model predictive control(MPC).In the day-ahead stage,an operating simulation plan that comprehensively considers the user’s side comfort and operating costs is proposed with a long-term time scale of 15 min.In order to cope with power fluctuations of photovoltaic,wind turbine and conventional load,MPC is used to track and roll correct the day-ahead operating simulation plan in the intra-day stage to meet the actual operating operation status of the park.Finally,the validity and economy of the operating simulation strategy are verified through the analysis of arithmetic examples.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Major Project 2020 of Liaoning Province,China(2020JH1/10100008)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61991404 and 61991400)111 Project 2.0(B08015)。
文摘Based on an analysis of the operational control behavior of operation experts on energy-intensive equipment,this paper proposes an intelligent control method for low-carbon operation by combining mechanism analysis with deep learning,linking control and optimization with prediction,and integrating decision-making with control.This method,which consists of setpoint control,self-optimized tuning,and tracking control,ensures that the energy consumption per tonne is as low as possible,while remaining within the target range.An intelligent control system for low-carbon operation is developed by adopting the end-edge-cloud collaboration technology of the Industrial Internet.The system is successfully applied to a fused magnesium furnace and achieves remarkable results in reducing carbon emissions.
文摘A novel operation control method for relay protection in flexible DC distribution networks with distributed power supply is proposed to address the issue of inaccurate fault location during relay protection,leading to poor performance.The method combines a fault-tolerant fault location method based on long-term and short-term memory networks to accurately locate the fault section.Then,an operation control method for relay protection based on adaptive weight and whale optimization algorithm(WOA)is used to construct an objective function considering the shortest relay protection action time and the smallest impulse current.The adaptive weight and WOA are employed to obtain the optimal strategy for relay protection operation control,reducing the action time and impulse current.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in accurately locating faults and improving relay protection performance.The longest operation time is reduced by 4.7023 s,and the maximum impulse current is limited to 0.3 A,effectively controlling the impact of large impulse currents and enhancing control efficiency.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11074088)
文摘We present two protocols for the controlled remote implementation of quantum operations between three-party high-dimensional systems. Firstly, the controlled teleportation of an arbitrary unitary operation by bidirectional quantum state teleportaion (BQST) with high-dimensional systems is considered. Then, instead of using the BQST method, a protocol for controlled remote implementation of partially unknown operations belonging to some restricted sets in high-dimensional systems is proposed. It is shown that, in these protocols, if and only if the controller would like to help the sender with the remote operations, the controlled remote implementation of quantum operations for high-dimensional systems can be completed.
文摘Based on analyzing the thermal process of a CDQ (coke dry quenching)-Boiler system, the mathematical model for opti-mized operation and control in the CDQ-Boiler system was developed. It includes a mathematical model for heat transferring process in the CDQ unit, a mathematical model for heat transferring process in the boiler and a combustion model for circulating gas in the CDQ-Boiler system. The model was verified by field data, then a series of simulations under several typical operating conditions of CDQ-Boiler were carried on, and in turn, the online relation formulas between the productivity and the optimal circulating gas, and the one between the productivity and the optimal second air, were achieved respectively. These relation equations have been success- fully used in a CDQ-Boiler computer control system in the Baosteel, to realize online optimized guide and control, and meanwhile high efficiency in the CDQ-Boiler system has been achieved.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71971016).On behalf of all co-authors,the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
文摘Purpose–To address the problem that the current train operation mode that train selects one of several offline pre-generated control schemes before the departure and operates following the scheme after the departure,energy-saving performance of the whole metro system cannot be guaranteed.Design/methodology/approach–A cooperative train control framework is formulated to regulate a novel train operation mode.The classic train four-phase control strategy is improved for generating specific energy-efficient control schemes for each train.An improved brute force(BF)algorithm with a two-layer searching idea is designed to solve the optimisation model of energy-efficient train control schemes.Findings–Case studies on the actual metro line in Guangzhou,China verify the effectiveness of the proposed train control methods compared with four-phase control strategy under different kinds of train operation scenarios and calculation parameters.The verification on the computation efficiency as well as accuracy of the proposed algorithm indicates that it meets the requirement of online optimisation.Originality/value–Most existing studies optimised energy-efficient train timetable or train control strategies through an offline process,which has a defect in coping with the disturbance or delays effectively and promptly during real-time train operation.This paper studies an online optimisation of cooperative train control based on the rolling optimisation idea,where energy-efficient train operation can be realised once train running time is determined,thus mitigating the impact of unpredictable operation situations on the energy-saving performance of trains.
文摘The Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) is a 34 kW low enriched uranium (LEU) Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), tank-in-pool type and cooled by natural circulation under atmospheric pressure operating conditions. GHARR-1 is owned by Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) and operated by National Nuclear Research Institute (NNRI), one of the institutes of GAEC. GHARR-1 is housed by Nuclear Reactors Research Centre (NRRC), one of the Centres of NNRI. Management/Administration, Radiation protection, Reactor operation and maintenance, Reactor utilization and Physical protection are the various systems/units that integrate to manage the activities of operation and utilization of GHARR-1 in addition to the quality assurance and quality control management system of the research reactor facility. The GHARR-1 which is currently in operation follows a robust maintenance culture adopted by the management system and this has made it possible to keep the reactor in operation with minimal interruption. The management system activities adopted at the Centre to ensure safety of the workers, public and the research reactor facility include authorization of the operation of the reactor for any experiments/modifications;providing material and financial resources for maintaining the research reactor facility;following standard procedures while carrying out Neutron Activation Analysis;participation in IAEA proficiency test;irradiation sites/positions characterization;following standard procedures while carrying out reactor operation and maintenance including reactor and pool water purification and other related activities;monitoring radiation levels in the controlled, supervised and uncontrolled areas of the research reactor facility as well as during reactor operation and maintenance;controlling the physical entry of the workers and public into the research reactor facility;and ensuring that the security structures provided to protect the reactor facility are functioning properly. The thorough knowledge on the functions of the various components that make up the electrical/electronic and control systems of the reactor has been observed to be important for continuous successful maintenance of the research reactor to keep the reactor in operation. This work provides some management system activities adopted to monitor the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization to guarantee safety of workers, public and the environment as well as to safeguard a continuous operation of the research reactor. These management system activities adopted among others, are in the form of Monitoring Forms provided for monitoring the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization in order to ensure standard procedures and specifications are followed and quality services are rendered to the public.
基金Hebei University Affiliated Hospital Youth Fund Scientific Research Project Project Number:2019Q017。
文摘Objective:To explore the role of specialized group management in the quality control of perioperative nursing.Methods:45 surgical nurses from our hospital were selected as the research subjects.Traditional operating room management was adopted from July 2019 to June 2020,and specialized group management was adopted from July 2020 to June 2021.The surgeon’s satisfaction,surgical nurses’core professional competence,and surgical patients’satisfaction were obtained through surveys and the results were analyzed.Results:Surgeon satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Besides,surgical nurses’core professional competency scores before the implementation of specialized group management were significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Lastly,surgical patients’satisfaction before the implementation of specialized group management was significantly lower than after its implementation(P<0.05).Conclusion:Specialized group management helps to improve the quality of perioperative care and should be applied in clinical practice.
文摘When D:ξ→η is a linear ordinary differential (OD) or partial differential (PD) operator, a “direct problem” is to find the generating compatibility conditions (CC) in the form of an operator D<sub>1:</sub>η→ξ such that Dξ = η implies D<sub>1</sub>η = 0. When D is involutive, the procedure provides successive first-order involutive operators D<sub>1</sub>,...,D<sub>n </sub>when the ground manifold has dimension n. Conversely, when D<sub>1</sub> is given, a much more difficult “inverse problem” is to look for an operator D:ξ→η having the generating CC D<sub>1</sub>η = 0. If this is possible, that is when the differential module defined by D<sub>1</sub> is “torsion-free”, that is when there does not exist any observable quantity which is a sum of derivatives of η that could be a solution of an autonomous OD or PD equation for itself, one shall say that the operator D<sub>1</sub> is parametrized by D. The parametrization is said to be “minimum” if the differential module defined by D does not contain a free differential submodule. The systematic use of the adjoint of a differential operator provides a constructive test with five steps using double differential duality. We prove and illustrate through many explicit examples the fact that a control system is controllable if and only if it can be parametrized. Accordingly, the controllability of any OD or PD control system is a “built in” property not depending on the choice of the input and output variables among the system variables. In the OD case and when D<sub>1</sub> is formally surjective, controllability just amounts to the formal injectivity of ad(D<sub>1</sub>), even in the variable coefficients case, a result still not acknowledged by the control community. Among other applications, the parametrization of the Cauchy stress operator in arbitrary dimension n has attracted many famous scientists (G. B. Airy in 1863 for n = 2, J. C. Maxwell in 1870, E. Beltrami in 1892 for n = 3, and A. Einstein in 1915 for n = 4). We prove that all these works are already explicitly using the self-adjoint Einstein operator, which cannot be parametrized and the comparison needs no comment. As a byproduct, they are all based on a confusion between the so-called div operator D<sub>2</sub> induced from the Bianchi operator and the Cauchy operator, adjoint of the Killing operator D which is parametrizing the Riemann operator D<sub>1</sub> for an arbitrary n. This purely mathematical result deeply questions the origin and existence of gravitational waves, both with the mathematical foundations of general relativity. As a matter of fact, this new framework provides a totally open domain of applications for computer algebra as the quoted test can be studied by means of Pommaret bases and related recent packages.
文摘On the basis of the first jig separation stage, the relational mathematical model related to ash content and the coutent of coal gangue with a density less than 1. 8 g/cm3 is established. With this model, the discharge rate of reruse can be adjusted automatically and exactly by the conveutional PI regulator.The control stratedes for water capacity, air pressure, and feed capacity of the jig are introduced.Combined with the Expert system technology, jig expert system (JEP) is developed.
基金The project supported by Chinese National Science Foundation (Nos. 10335060, 10235010) and Creative Project Grants of ChineseAcademy of Science
文摘This paper describes the control software together with the operational hardware, which successfully realizes the operation of a new fully programmable imaging system with high spatial and temporal resolutions on the KT5D magnetic torus, for observing the visible l ight emission from the plasma discharge.
基金supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China under Contract No.2015GB111001by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11575067)
文摘A Thomson scattering diagnostic system is under construction at the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak(J-TEXT). A 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser with 50 Hz repetition rate is used as the laser source. We have used a software for careful and precise control of the laser through serial communication. A time sequence operating system has been developed to synchronize the laser control and data acquisition system with the central control system(CSS). The system operates commands from the CSS of J-TEXT and generates triggers for the laser and data acquisition system in the proper sequence. It also measures an asynchronous time value that is needed for accurate time stamping. All functions are served by a field-programmable gate array development platform that is suitable for high-speed data and signal processing applications.Several embedded peripherals, including Ethernet and USB 2.0, provide communication with the CSS and the server.
文摘Objective: This paper aims to explore the impact of optimizing details in the operating room on the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of hospital infection prevention and control by surgeons, as well as the effectiveness of infection control. Methods: From January 2022 to June 2023, a total of 120 patients were screened and randomly divided into a control group (routine care and hospital infection management) and a study group (optimizing details in the operating room). Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups in the data of surgeons’ level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in hospital infection prevention and control, infection rates, and nursing satisfaction, with the study group showing better results (P Conclusion: The use of optimizing details in the operating room among surgeons can effectively improve surgeons’ level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in hospital infection prevention and control, reduce infection occurrence, and is worth promoting.
文摘This paper outlines the internal control management of hospital accounting and finance,introducing its concept,importance,and objectives.It then analyzes the problems existing in the internal control management of hospital accounting and finance,including an unsound management system,insufficient system implementation,inadequate risk assessment and control capabilities,poor information communication,weak internal supervision,and uneven personnel quality.The reasons for these problems are also analyzed,including outdated management concepts,irrational organizational structures,imperfect training and incentive mechanisms,low levels of information technology,and changes in the external environment.This paper proposes improvement measures for the internal control management of hospital accounting,including enhancing the management system,strengthening system implementation,improving risk assessment and control capabilities,enhancing the information communication mechanism,strengthening internal supervision,improving personnel quality,advancing information technology,and adapting to changes in the external environment.
文摘The contradiction between the increasing material demand and resource,is the country has faced problems,to better solve the material demand and the contradiction between the environment and resources,is applied to the development of new energy,new energy,not only can alleviate people and resources,environment and resources,the contradiction between people and the environment,also can promote the sustainable development of world economy,HVAC technology has emerged a new generation of energysaving technology,HVAC has the characteristics of low consumption,low pollution,is a development of technology,to be promoted for environmentfriendly,resource-conserving society has an important role in promoting.This paper focuses on the HVAC technology,water source heat pump system operation control and energy consumption optimization,for the relevant personnel reference.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61303039 and 61201253)Chunying Fellowship,and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.2682014CX095)
文摘Any unknown unitary operations conditioned on a control system can be deterministically performed if ancillary subspaces are available for the target systems [Zhou X Q, et al. 2011 Nat. Commun. 2 413]. In this paper, we show that previous optical schemes may be extended to general hybrid systems if unknown operations are provided by optical instruments. Moreover, a probabilistic scheme is proposed when the unknown operation may be performed on the subspaces of ancillary high-dimensional systems. Furthermore, the unknown operations conditioned on the multi-control system may be reduced to the case with a control system using additional linear circuit complexity. The new schemes may be more flexible for different systems or hybrid systems.