Nowadays low-carbon development has become a hot issue of the whole world.This article first introduces the background of low-carbon economy,and then explains the importance of retailing companies in social economy an...Nowadays low-carbon development has become a hot issue of the whole world.This article first introduces the background of low-carbon economy,and then explains the importance of retailing companies in social economy and the reasons why they should operate in low-carbon mode.More specifically,low-carbon operation can not only improve the competitiveness of a retailing company by reducing operation cost and formatting good corporate image,but also benefit the whole society by reducing environment pollution and promoting low-carbon consumption and production.Only by adopting low-carbon operation pattern can retailing companies confront the fierce international competition.To illustrate the above point of view,several cases of famous western retailing companies will be analyzed in this essay.Tesco,Wal-Mart and Carrefour are all typical examples in low-carbon operation because they all have great green and sustainability initiatives.Based on the advanced experiences of the above-mentioned companies,this essay discusses the low-carbon operation ways,putting forward some valuable suggestions on this problem.From a technical perspective,retailing companies should adopt advanced technologies relating to low-carbon operation.On the other hand,management level of retailing companies should be enhanced to ensure the application effect of low-carbon technologies.Retailing companies should improve the ability of internal management to excavate the internal potential and build green supply chain to corporate with strategic partners.Finally,this article gives the conclusion of the whole analysis.展开更多
We report a low noise continuous-wave （CW） single-frequency 1.5-μm laser source obtained by a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator （SRO） based on periodically poled lithium niobate （PPLN）. The SRO was ...We report a low noise continuous-wave （CW） single-frequency 1.5-μm laser source obtained by a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator （SRO） based on periodically poled lithium niobate （PPLN）. The SRO was pumped by a CW single-frequency Nd：YVO4 laser at 1.06μm. The 1.02 W of CW single-frequency signal laser at 1.5 μm was obtained at pump power of 6 W. At the output power of around 0.75 W, the power stability was better than ±l.5% and no mode-hopping was observed in 30 min and frequency stability was better than 8.5 MHz in 1 min. The signal wavelength could be tuned from 1.57 to 1.59 μm by varying the PPLN temperature. The 1.5-μm laser exhibits low noise characteristics, the intensity noise of the laser reaches the shot noise limit （SNL） at an analysis frequency of 4 MHz and the phase noise is less than 1 dB above the SNL at analysis frequencies above 10 MHz.展开更多
负荷侧灵活性资源协同源侧多模式供热有利于电热综合能源系统低碳运行,为缓解“三北”地区“风热冲突”现象、提高风电消纳量从而降低系统碳排放量提出一种计及电热需求响应的光热-电热综合能源系统源荷协调经济调度模型。源侧通过配备...负荷侧灵活性资源协同源侧多模式供热有利于电热综合能源系统低碳运行,为缓解“三北”地区“风热冲突”现象、提高风电消纳量从而降低系统碳排放量提出一种计及电热需求响应的光热-电热综合能源系统源荷协调经济调度模型。源侧通过配备储热装置的光热电站(Concentrated Solar Power,CSP)和电加热装置(Electric Heater,EH)协同热电联产机组(Combined Heat and Power,CHP)供热在一定程度上解耦其“以热定电”工作模式,网侧建立了稳态电热潮流,荷侧计及电热需求响应,模型的综合优化目标考虑了系统总运行成本、弃风惩罚成本及碳交易成本。基于改进的IEEE30电网与6节点热网系统对所建立模型进行仿真,算例结果表明源荷协调运行可有效降低系统总调度成本、提高风电并网发电量及减少系统碳排放量。展开更多
Based on the development of modem logistics park in China, and with the thought of minimizing carbon emission, the development of Logistics Park was analyzed and the necessity of developing low carbon Logistics Park w...Based on the development of modem logistics park in China, and with the thought of minimizing carbon emission, the development of Logistics Park was analyzed and the necessity of developing low carbon Logistics Park was proposed. Low carbon emission in Logistics Park was planned. In the end, operation and implementation strategies of low carbon parks were put forward so as to create favorable environment for the re- alization of low carbon emission in Logistics Park.展开更多
分布式冷热电联产(combined cooling,heating and power,CCHP)系统是综合能源系统实现“双碳”目标的有效途径,合理的运行策略是提高CCHP系统一次能源利用效率、降低碳排放与运行成本的关键。针对含燃气机组、可再生能源系统和外购能源...分布式冷热电联产(combined cooling,heating and power,CCHP)系统是综合能源系统实现“双碳”目标的有效途径,合理的运行策略是提高CCHP系统一次能源利用效率、降低碳排放与运行成本的关键。针对含燃气机组、可再生能源系统和外购能源的电气综合CCHP系统,研究并网且上网模式下的优化运行策略,提出考虑售电价格的规则控制策略以及基于非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ,NSGA-Ⅱ)的智能控制策略;在此基础上,进一步研究融合拥挤度算子和初始约束条件的改进型NAGA-Ⅱ算法。算例对比结果表明:相比于规则控制策略,采用改进型NSGA-Ⅱ控制策略的CCHP系统能源消耗量减少30%以上,运行成本降低6%以上,有效实现了系统的低碳经济运行;同时算法具有较好的收敛性,可推广应用至实际CCHP系统中。展开更多
基金supported by the Social Science Project in Hebei Province(Grant Nos.HB15YJ018,HB15GL030)
文摘Nowadays low-carbon development has become a hot issue of the whole world.This article first introduces the background of low-carbon economy,and then explains the importance of retailing companies in social economy and the reasons why they should operate in low-carbon mode.More specifically,low-carbon operation can not only improve the competitiveness of a retailing company by reducing operation cost and formatting good corporate image,but also benefit the whole society by reducing environment pollution and promoting low-carbon consumption and production.Only by adopting low-carbon operation pattern can retailing companies confront the fierce international competition.To illustrate the above point of view,several cases of famous western retailing companies will be analyzed in this essay.Tesco,Wal-Mart and Carrefour are all typical examples in low-carbon operation because they all have great green and sustainability initiatives.Based on the advanced experiences of the above-mentioned companies,this essay discusses the low-carbon operation ways,putting forward some valuable suggestions on this problem.From a technical perspective,retailing companies should adopt advanced technologies relating to low-carbon operation.On the other hand,management level of retailing companies should be enhanced to ensure the application effect of low-carbon technologies.Retailing companies should improve the ability of internal management to excavate the internal potential and build green supply chain to corporate with strategic partners.Finally,this article gives the conclusion of the whole analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60878003)the Science Fund for Excellent Research Team of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60821004)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2010CB923101)
文摘We report a low noise continuous-wave （CW） single-frequency 1.5-μm laser source obtained by a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator （SRO） based on periodically poled lithium niobate （PPLN）. The SRO was pumped by a CW single-frequency Nd：YVO4 laser at 1.06μm. The 1.02 W of CW single-frequency signal laser at 1.5 μm was obtained at pump power of 6 W. At the output power of around 0.75 W, the power stability was better than ±l.5% and no mode-hopping was observed in 30 min and frequency stability was better than 8.5 MHz in 1 min. The signal wavelength could be tuned from 1.57 to 1.59 μm by varying the PPLN temperature. The 1.5-μm laser exhibits low noise characteristics, the intensity noise of the laser reaches the shot noise limit （SNL） at an analysis frequency of 4 MHz and the phase noise is less than 1 dB above the SNL at analysis frequencies above 10 MHz.
文摘负荷侧灵活性资源协同源侧多模式供热有利于电热综合能源系统低碳运行,为缓解“三北”地区“风热冲突”现象、提高风电消纳量从而降低系统碳排放量提出一种计及电热需求响应的光热-电热综合能源系统源荷协调经济调度模型。源侧通过配备储热装置的光热电站(Concentrated Solar Power,CSP)和电加热装置(Electric Heater,EH)协同热电联产机组(Combined Heat and Power,CHP)供热在一定程度上解耦其“以热定电”工作模式,网侧建立了稳态电热潮流,荷侧计及电热需求响应,模型的综合优化目标考虑了系统总运行成本、弃风惩罚成本及碳交易成本。基于改进的IEEE30电网与6节点热网系统对所建立模型进行仿真,算例结果表明源荷协调运行可有效降低系统总调度成本、提高风电并网发电量及减少系统碳排放量。
基金Supported by Henan Science and Technology Program(102400440008)Henan Government Decision-making Research IFB Program (B667) .
文摘Based on the development of modem logistics park in China, and with the thought of minimizing carbon emission, the development of Logistics Park was analyzed and the necessity of developing low carbon Logistics Park was proposed. Low carbon emission in Logistics Park was planned. In the end, operation and implementation strategies of low carbon parks were put forward so as to create favorable environment for the re- alization of low carbon emission in Logistics Park.
