To alleviate the global warming by removing excess CO_(2) and converting them into value-added chemicals,(photo)electrochemical reduction has been recognized as a promising strategy.As the CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO...To alleviate the global warming by removing excess CO_(2) and converting them into value-added chemicals,(photo)electrochemical reduction has been recognized as a promising strategy.As the CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2) RR) is involved with multiple electrons and multiple products,plus the complexity of the surface chemical environment of the catalyst,it is extremely challenging to establish the structure/function relationship.Atomically precise metal nanoclusters(NCs),with crystallographically resolved structure,molecule-like characters and strong quantum confinement effects,have been emerging as a new type of catalyst for CO_(2) RR,and more importantly,they can provide an ideal platform to unravel the comprehensive mechanistic insights and establish the structure/function relationship eventually.In this review,the recent advances regarding employing molecular metal NCs with well-defined structure including Au NCs,Au-based alloy NCs,Ag NCs,Cu NCs for CO_(2) RR and relevant mechanistic studies are discussed,and the opportunities and challenges are proposed at the end for paving the development of CO_(2) RR by using atomically precise metal NCs.展开更多
This paper first analyzes the main opportunities for sustainable development of Fumian District,Yulin City,and then discusses the challenges faced by Fumian District in its sustainable development.Finally,it proposes ...This paper first analyzes the main opportunities for sustainable development of Fumian District,Yulin City,and then discusses the challenges faced by Fumian District in its sustainable development.Finally,it proposes safeguard measures for sustainable development of Fumian District:(i)strengthening leadership and implementing responsibilities;(ii)enhancing cooperation and gathering forces;(iii)reinforcing supervision and ensuring implementation;(iv)increasing input and integrating resources;(v)strengthening publicity and creating an atmosphere.展开更多
The Internet has made an important part of the national information infrastructure of China. Without the Internet, social informationization cannot be popularized to an extent as today. Upon the coming of a new year, ...The Internet has made an important part of the national information infrastructure of China. Without the Internet, social informationization cannot be popularized to an extent as today. Upon the coming of a new year, we especially invited Mr. Jiang Lintao, a famous communication expert and the chief engineer of China Academy of Telecommunication Research of the Ministry of Information Industry, to give us his opinions on the opportunities and challenges brought by the Internet. According to Mr. Jiang, the appearance of the Internet has brought great impact on telecommunications networks. It has broken the monopoly of the telecom industry in telecom services and promoted the development of technologies. Characterized by continuous innovation and aggressiveness, Internet services guarantee their dominating position in broadband networks, and put the telecom industry in a quite passive position. The telecom industry is still looking for new development direction and breakthroughs in technology so as to regain its leading position. Mr. Jiang also pointed out that the future of both telecom networks and the Internet should be next generation network, which will be the main body of the future national information infrastructure. The essential features of the next generation network should be as follows: it should be secure and trustworthy enough to safeguard users’ rights, national security and social stability; it should be scalable enough to allow sustainable development; it should be compatible with current main technologies, co-exist with them and allow their graceful evolution; and it should provide a network platform for everybody to innovate.展开更多
The Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization (APSCO) is an inter-governmental organization.In November 1992,China,Pakistan and Thailand jointly proposed the institutionalization of the mechanism Multilateral Cooper...The Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization (APSCO) is an inter-governmental organization.In November 1992,China,Pakistan and Thailand jointly proposed the institutionalization of the mechanism Multilateral Cooperation in Space Technology and Applications (AP-MCSTA).After 16 years of preparation,APSCO started its formal operation in December 2008,and was granted Permanent Observer status by the United Nations Committee on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNCOPUOS) in 2009.APSCO aims to promote cooperation among member states in space science,technologies and related applications,improving space capabilities and promoting economic and social development for the common prosperity of the region.展开更多
Taking Ne Zha as an example,this paper analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese animated films at the presentstage.Under the condition of both opportunities and challenges,some measures to develop Chinese anim...Taking Ne Zha as an example,this paper analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese animated films at the presentstage.Under the condition of both opportunities and challenges,some measures to develop Chinese animated films are proposed.展开更多
The development of industrialization and urbanization has intensified the coupling of human activities and hydrological processes and promoted the emergence of socio-hydrology.This paper addresses the issue of socio-h...The development of industrialization and urbanization has intensified the coupling of human activities and hydrological processes and promoted the emergence of socio-hydrology.This paper addresses the issue of socio-hydrology due to new development and social demand for hydrological sciences and sustainable development.Four key scientific issues are identified through systematic analysis and summary of the relative research and international progress,i.e.,(1)the long-term dynamic process of socio-hydrological system evolution;(2)quantitative description and driving mechanism analysis of socio-hydrological coupling system;(3)prediction of the trajectories of socio-hydrological system co-evolution,and(4)integrated water resource management from the perspective of water systems.Moreover,opportunities and challenges for developing socio-hydrology are emphasized,including(1)strengthening the research of interdisciplinary theoretical systems;(2)improving and broadening socio-hydrological research technical methods,and(3)supporting integrated water resources management(IWRM)for sustainable utilization goals(SDGs).The review is expected to provide a reference for the future development of socio-hydrology discipline.展开更多
The Chinese Government is committed to forest certification as a market-based instrument to promote sustainable forest management. Forest certification includes a number of regulations, rules and policy paradigms rela...The Chinese Government is committed to forest certification as a market-based instrument to promote sustainable forest management. Forest certification includes a number of regulations, rules and policy paradigms related to certification and there are numerous challenges facing the uptake of forest certification in China. In particular, the ban on commercial logging in natural forests implemented by the Natural Forest Protection Program has resulted in little demand for forest certification of natural forest management units. However,there are also certification opportunities, such as the certification of non-timber forest products that benefit local communities who depend on forests for the goods and services they provide. This paper provides an overview of progress in forest certification in China, including its development history, organizational structure, scheme documents, certification scopes and standards, accreditation, certification bodies and auditors, and certification logos. The paper also focuses on government support for the supervision and management of forest certification through policy incentives, including the potential government procurement and subsidy policies for certified forest products. Finally, the paper analyzes certified non-timber forest products as an example of the value of certification to promote sustainable forest management and how the concept of forest certification can be used to add value to forests and ensure they are responsibly and sustainably managed. In general, forest certification in China has a clear role in sustainable forest management, both for timber and non-timber forest products.展开更多
Urbanization influences hydrologic cycle significantly on local,regional even global scale.With urbanization the water resources demand for dense population sharpened,thus it is a great challenge to ensure water suppl...Urbanization influences hydrologic cycle significantly on local,regional even global scale.With urbanization the water resources demand for dense population sharpened,thus it is a great challenge to ensure water supply for some metropolises such as Beijing.Urban area is traditionally considered as the area with lower evapotranspiration(ET) on account of the impervious surface and the lower wind speed.For most remote sensing models,the ET,defined as latent heat in energy budget,is estimated as the difference between net radiation and sensible heat.The sensible heat is generally higher in urban area due to the high surface temperature caused by heat island,therefore the latent heat(i.e.the ET) in urban area is lower than that in other region.We estimated water consumption from 2003 to 2012 in Beijing based on water balance method and found that the annual mean ET in urban area was about 654 mm.However,using Surface Energy Balance System(SEBS) model,the annual mean ET in urban area was only 348 mm.We attributed this inconsistence to the impact of anthropogenic heat and quantified this impact on the basis of the night-light maps.Therefore,a new model SEBS-Urban,coupling SEBS model and anthropogenic heat was developed to estimate the ET in urban area.The ET in urban area of Beijing estimated by SEBS-Urban showed a good agreement with the ET from water balance method.The findings from this study highlighted that anthropogenic heat should be included in the surface energy budget for a highly urbanized area.展开更多
基金the grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21805170)financial support from Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2015A030306006)+1 种基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Projects(No.201804010323)the fundamental funds for central universities(SCUT No.2018ZD022)。
文摘To alleviate the global warming by removing excess CO_(2) and converting them into value-added chemicals,(photo)electrochemical reduction has been recognized as a promising strategy.As the CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2) RR) is involved with multiple electrons and multiple products,plus the complexity of the surface chemical environment of the catalyst,it is extremely challenging to establish the structure/function relationship.Atomically precise metal nanoclusters(NCs),with crystallographically resolved structure,molecule-like characters and strong quantum confinement effects,have been emerging as a new type of catalyst for CO_(2) RR,and more importantly,they can provide an ideal platform to unravel the comprehensive mechanistic insights and establish the structure/function relationship eventually.In this review,the recent advances regarding employing molecular metal NCs with well-defined structure including Au NCs,Au-based alloy NCs,Ag NCs,Cu NCs for CO_(2) RR and relevant mechanistic studies are discussed,and the opportunities and challenges are proposed at the end for paving the development of CO_(2) RR by using atomically precise metal NCs.
基金Yulin City Scientific Research and Technology Development Plan Project(YuShiKe 20204038,2019Cxpt00A4,YuShiKe 20202001).
文摘This paper first analyzes the main opportunities for sustainable development of Fumian District,Yulin City,and then discusses the challenges faced by Fumian District in its sustainable development.Finally,it proposes safeguard measures for sustainable development of Fumian District:(i)strengthening leadership and implementing responsibilities;(ii)enhancing cooperation and gathering forces;(iii)reinforcing supervision and ensuring implementation;(iv)increasing input and integrating resources;(v)strengthening publicity and creating an atmosphere.
文摘The Internet has made an important part of the national information infrastructure of China. Without the Internet, social informationization cannot be popularized to an extent as today. Upon the coming of a new year, we especially invited Mr. Jiang Lintao, a famous communication expert and the chief engineer of China Academy of Telecommunication Research of the Ministry of Information Industry, to give us his opinions on the opportunities and challenges brought by the Internet. According to Mr. Jiang, the appearance of the Internet has brought great impact on telecommunications networks. It has broken the monopoly of the telecom industry in telecom services and promoted the development of technologies. Characterized by continuous innovation and aggressiveness, Internet services guarantee their dominating position in broadband networks, and put the telecom industry in a quite passive position. The telecom industry is still looking for new development direction and breakthroughs in technology so as to regain its leading position. Mr. Jiang also pointed out that the future of both telecom networks and the Internet should be next generation network, which will be the main body of the future national information infrastructure. The essential features of the next generation network should be as follows: it should be secure and trustworthy enough to safeguard users’ rights, national security and social stability; it should be scalable enough to allow sustainable development; it should be compatible with current main technologies, co-exist with them and allow their graceful evolution; and it should provide a network platform for everybody to innovate.
文摘The Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization (APSCO) is an inter-governmental organization.In November 1992,China,Pakistan and Thailand jointly proposed the institutionalization of the mechanism Multilateral Cooperation in Space Technology and Applications (AP-MCSTA).After 16 years of preparation,APSCO started its formal operation in December 2008,and was granted Permanent Observer status by the United Nations Committee on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNCOPUOS) in 2009.APSCO aims to promote cooperation among member states in space science,technologies and related applications,improving space capabilities and promoting economic and social development for the common prosperity of the region.
文摘Taking Ne Zha as an example,this paper analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of Chinese animated films at the presentstage.Under the condition of both opportunities and challenges,some measures to develop Chinese animated films are proposed.
基金National Nature Science Foundation of ChinaNo.41890824,No.42101043+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.XDA23040304。
文摘The development of industrialization and urbanization has intensified the coupling of human activities and hydrological processes and promoted the emergence of socio-hydrology.This paper addresses the issue of socio-hydrology due to new development and social demand for hydrological sciences and sustainable development.Four key scientific issues are identified through systematic analysis and summary of the relative research and international progress,i.e.,(1)the long-term dynamic process of socio-hydrological system evolution;(2)quantitative description and driving mechanism analysis of socio-hydrological coupling system;(3)prediction of the trajectories of socio-hydrological system co-evolution,and(4)integrated water resource management from the perspective of water systems.Moreover,opportunities and challenges for developing socio-hydrology are emphasized,including(1)strengthening the research of interdisciplinary theoretical systems;(2)improving and broadening socio-hydrological research technical methods,and(3)supporting integrated water resources management(IWRM)for sustainable utilization goals(SDGs).The review is expected to provide a reference for the future development of socio-hydrology discipline.
基金supported by forest certification related projects by the Science and Technology Development Center of the State Forestry Administration
文摘The Chinese Government is committed to forest certification as a market-based instrument to promote sustainable forest management. Forest certification includes a number of regulations, rules and policy paradigms related to certification and there are numerous challenges facing the uptake of forest certification in China. In particular, the ban on commercial logging in natural forests implemented by the Natural Forest Protection Program has resulted in little demand for forest certification of natural forest management units. However,there are also certification opportunities, such as the certification of non-timber forest products that benefit local communities who depend on forests for the goods and services they provide. This paper provides an overview of progress in forest certification in China, including its development history, organizational structure, scheme documents, certification scopes and standards, accreditation, certification bodies and auditors, and certification logos. The paper also focuses on government support for the supervision and management of forest certification through policy incentives, including the potential government procurement and subsidy policies for certified forest products. Finally, the paper analyzes certified non-timber forest products as an example of the value of certification to promote sustainable forest management and how the concept of forest certification can be used to add value to forests and ensure they are responsibly and sustainably managed. In general, forest certification in China has a clear role in sustainable forest management, both for timber and non-timber forest products.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 51479088,41630856 & 51279208)
文摘Urbanization influences hydrologic cycle significantly on local,regional even global scale.With urbanization the water resources demand for dense population sharpened,thus it is a great challenge to ensure water supply for some metropolises such as Beijing.Urban area is traditionally considered as the area with lower evapotranspiration(ET) on account of the impervious surface and the lower wind speed.For most remote sensing models,the ET,defined as latent heat in energy budget,is estimated as the difference between net radiation and sensible heat.The sensible heat is generally higher in urban area due to the high surface temperature caused by heat island,therefore the latent heat(i.e.the ET) in urban area is lower than that in other region.We estimated water consumption from 2003 to 2012 in Beijing based on water balance method and found that the annual mean ET in urban area was about 654 mm.However,using Surface Energy Balance System(SEBS) model,the annual mean ET in urban area was only 348 mm.We attributed this inconsistence to the impact of anthropogenic heat and quantified this impact on the basis of the night-light maps.Therefore,a new model SEBS-Urban,coupling SEBS model and anthropogenic heat was developed to estimate the ET in urban area.The ET in urban area of Beijing estimated by SEBS-Urban showed a good agreement with the ET from water balance method.The findings from this study highlighted that anthropogenic heat should be included in the surface energy budget for a highly urbanized area.
