Research progress on subjective well-being and dispositional optimism of the elderly

The subjective well-being of the elderly is an integral part of healthy aging.This review introduces the concept of subjective well-being of the elderly and the evaluation tools used,reviews the influencing factors of subjective well-being of the elderly,and summarizes the intervention measures of subjective well-being of the elderly.From the perspective of positive psychology,based on the introduction of the concept and evaluation tools of temperament optimism,this paper reviews the research status of temperament optimism and subjective well-being and the research progress of their correlation,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the intervention to improve the subjective well-being of the elderly.

Depressive symptoms and their associated factors in heart failure patients

Objectives:Depressive symptoms are common in heart failure(HF)patients and they may exacerbate the progression of HF.Thus,identifying associations with depressive symptoms is essential to develop effective interventions to alleviate patients’depressive symptoms.Therefore,this study aimed to explore the factors related to HF patients’depressive symptoms.Methods:Potential hospitalized patients were recruited from a university-affiliated hospital by convenience sampling.This study included 321 HF patients who had completed information about depressive symptoms,functional capacity,social support,dispositional optimism,self-care confidence,and health literacy.Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample.Independent group t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were used to assess the difference in depressive symptoms score in demographic and clinical characteristics,while Pearson’s correlation was used to assess the associations among continuous variables.Results:The scores for functional capacity,social support,dispositional optimism,self-care confidence,and health literacy were negatively associated with the score for depressive symptoms.The interaction effect between the functional capacity and the dispositional optimism on depressive symptoms was significant.Conclusions:Interventions targeted improving the above-mentioned factors may be beneficial to reduce depressive symptoms in HF patients.

Implicit and explicit emotion regulation in adolescents with dispositional optimism

The development of adaptive emotion regulation(ER)plays a pivotal role in adolescent mental health and socio-emotional adaptation.Dispositional optimism,as an important protective factor for adolescent adjustment,may affect adolescent ER and subsequently influence adaptive outcomes.In this review,the changes and challenges,the role of ER in socio-emotional adjustment,and the developmental characteristics of implicit and explicit ER during adolescence are described.Subsequently,by employing the top-down model of personality,coping,and emotion,how dispositional optimism may affect psychological adjustment from the perspective of ER is analyzed.Furthermore,how the differences in adolescents’dispositional optimism may be reflected by the differences in implicit ER is discussed.Finally,recommendations for future research are outlined.