Optimal spectrum allocation of primary users in light-handed cognitive radio networks

In traditional cognitive radio(CR) network,secondary users(SUs) are always assumed to obey the rule of"introducing no interference to the primary users(PUs) ".However,this assumption may be not realistic as the CR devices becoming more and more intelligent nowadays.In this paper,with the concept of lighthanded CR,which is proposed to deal with the above mentioned problem by enforcing"punishment"to illegal CR transmissions,the action decisions of primary users(PUs) are modeled as a partially observable Markov decision process(POMDP),and the optimal spectrum allocation scheme with the objective of maximizing their reward is proposed,which is defined by the utility function.Furthermore,a reduced scheme with much smaller state space has been proposed in this paper for lower computational complexity.Extensive simulation results show that the proposed schemes improve the reward significantly compared to the existing scheme.

Improved indoor environment through optimised ventilator and furniture positioning:A case of slum rehabilitation housing,Mumbai,India

This study optimized the ventilator and furniture location of a tenement unit in a low-income urban habitat to obtain maximum experiential indoor environmental quality(e-IEQ)over the breathing zone.Hypothetical interior layouts using a combination of the two design parameters of ventilator location and bed position were generated for optimizing the design layout.This layout could promote maximum indoor airflow and minimum indoor air temperature and contaminant concentration.In this study,an improved indoor environment is hypothesized to be attainable through improved natural ventilation and thermal performance in the occupied zones.A sequential methodology involving“parametric design modeling ecomputational simulationemultiobjective optimizationemulticriteria decision making”-based framework was selected.Results exhibited that the currently designed tenement unit had a poor indoor environment,whereas the hypothesized iterated layout“optimized design layout,scenario 3(ODL 3)”derived from the optimization and decision-making algorithm performed effectively in providing e-IEQ.An increase in experiential indoor air velocity by 0.2 m/s and a decrease in temperature by 2C were observed over the monitoring point in the ODL 3 considering the existing scenario.Therefore,this study can find a way toward the development of sustainable habitat design guidelines under upcoming slum redevelopment policies across the nation.

A Survey on Noncooperative Games and Distributed Nash Equilibrium Seeking over Multi-Agent Networks

The work gives a review on the distributed Nash equilibrium seeking of noncooperative games in multi-agent networks,which emerges as one of the frontier research topics in the area of systems and control community.Firstly,we give the basic formulation and analysis of noncooperative games with continuous action spaces,and provide the motivation and basic setting for distributed Nash equilibrium seeking.Then we introduce both the gradient-based algorithms and best-response based algorithms for various type of games,including zero-sum games,aggregative games,potential games,monotone games,and multi-cluster games.In addition,we provide some applications of noncooperative games.