Oral cavity cancers are part of head and neck cancers. They have become frequent in the world in general and Senegal in particular. This study evaluates microsatellite instability tumors in oral cavity cancers in Sene...Oral cavity cancers are part of head and neck cancers. They have become frequent in the world in general and Senegal in particular. This study evaluates microsatellite instability tumors in oral cavity cancers in Senegal. Forty cancerous tissues, 20 healthy tissues, and 12 blood tissues were included in this study. These tissues were collected from each patient during the biopsy after obtaining consent. DNA extraction, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing were carried out to obtain sequences. Mutation surveyor, Bioedit and Dnasp software were used to perform our analyses. High instability was found in 57.5% of patients with cancer. Moreover, 90% of the patients had the same motif on healthy and cancerous tissue. Furthermore, 26.12%, 20.72%, and 11.71% polymorphic sites were found in cancerous, healthy and blood tissue respectively. Thus, a similarity between cancerous and healthy tissues seems to exist. This implies that instability of the Bat 26 microsatellite could occur early in the occurrence of oral cavity cancers.展开更多
Lymphatic malformation (ML), formerly called cystic lymphangioma is a benign hamartomatous tumor of lymphatic vessels. The onset of lymphangiomas is either at birth (60% to 70%) or up to two years of age (90%) and rar...Lymphatic malformation (ML), formerly called cystic lymphangioma is a benign hamartomatous tumor of lymphatic vessels. The onset of lymphangiomas is either at birth (60% to 70%) or up to two years of age (90%) and rare in adults. These malformations can occur in any region of the body, Lymphangiomas have marked predilection for the head and neck region (50% - 70%). The most common location in the mouth is the dorsum of tongue. If the positive diagnosis is generally easy, the therapeutic management remains controversial. We report the clinical case of a 23-year-old adult patient with cystic lymphangioma on the floor of the oral cavity extending gradually to the right submandibular region. The clinically suspected tumor was thoroughly explored using tomodensitometry. The treatment consisted of complete resection by a cervicotomy with histological examination confirming the macroscopic diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma. Follow-up at 3 years showed no recurrence.展开更多
The aim of the study was a determination of the levels of nitric oxide(NO)and its biological markers such as malonyldialdehyde(MDA)and nitrotyrosine in the serum of patients with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of t...The aim of the study was a determination of the levels of nitric oxide(NO)and its biological markers such as malonyldialdehyde(MDA)and nitrotyrosine in the serum of patients with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of the oral cavity and identification of the relationships between NO and those markers.These studies were performed on patients with SCC of the oral cavity before and after treatment.Griess reaction was used for the estimation of the total concentration of NO in serum.The nitrotyrosine level in serum was assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kit,and MDA level using a spectrophotometric assay.Higher concentrations of NO in blood serum were determined in patients with stage IV of the disease before treatment in comparison to the control group and patients with stages II and III of the disease.Moreover,higher concentrations of MDA and nitrotyrosine were determined in the serum of patients in all stages of the disease in comparison to healthy people.After treatment,lower concentrations of NO in the serum of patients with stage IV of the disease were observed in comparison to the amounts obtained prior to treatment.In addition,lower levels of nitrotyrosine in the serum of patients with all stages of the disease were recorded,whereas higher concentrations of MDA were determined in these patients in comparison to results obtained before treatment.The compounds formed with the contribution of NO,such as MDA and nitrotyrosine,may lead to cancer progression in patients with SCC of the oral cavity,and contribute to formation of resistance to therapy in these patients as well.Moreover,the lack of a relationship between concentrations of NO and MDA,and between NO and nitrotyrosine in serum suggests that the process of lipid peroxidation and nitration in patients with SCC does not just depend on NO.展开更多
The present system experimentally demonstrates a synthesis of syllables and words from tongue manoeuvers in multiple languages,captured by four oral sensors only.For an experimental demonstration of the system used in...The present system experimentally demonstrates a synthesis of syllables and words from tongue manoeuvers in multiple languages,captured by four oral sensors only.For an experimental demonstration of the system used in the oral cavity,a prototype tooth model was used.Based on the principle developed in a previous publication by the author(s),the proposed system has been implemented using the oral cavity(tongue,teeth,and lips)features alone,without the glottis and the larynx.The positions of the sensors in the proposed system were optimized based on articulatory(oral cavity)gestures estimated by simulating the mechanism of human speech.The system has been tested for all English alphabets and several words with sensor-based input along with an experimental demonstration of the developed algorithm,with limit switches,potentiometer,and flex sensors emulating the tongue in an artificial oral cavity.The system produces the sounds of vowels,consonants,and words in English,along with the pronunciation of meanings of their translations in four major Indian languages,all from oral cavity mapping.The experimental setup also caters to gender mapping of voice.The sound produced from the hardware has been validated by a perceptual test to verify the gender and word of the speech sample by listeners,with∼98%and∼95%accuracy,respectively.Such a model may be useful to interpret speech for those who are speech-disabled because of accidents,neuron disorder,spinal cord injury,or larynx disorder.展开更多
BACKGROUND An impalement injury of the oral cavity is a common traumatic injury in children.In most cases,it is not accompanied by sequelae,but if foreign body residues are not found due to a minor injury,they may res...BACKGROUND An impalement injury of the oral cavity is a common traumatic injury in children.In most cases,it is not accompanied by sequelae,but if foreign body residues are not found due to a minor injury,they may result in inflammatory responses and delayed vascular injuries in the surrounding tissues.Without early diagnosis and appropriate initial management,residual foreign bodies can cause serious complications and even mortality in some cases.CASE SUMMARY A 9-year-old boy suffered an intra-oral injury by a wooden chopstick,and the patient was discharged from the hospital after receiving conservative treatment for the injury.However,the patient was readmitted to the hospital due to intraoral bleeding,and since neck hematoma and right internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm formation were detected on computed tomography,emergency surgery was performed.A remnant fragment of a wooden chopstick was found during the operation,and a delayed rupture of the internal carotid artery caused by the foreign body was also found.CONCLUSION The failure of early detection and diagnosis of a residual foreign body may result in delayed vascular rupture.展开更多
A significant increase in dental diseases in adolescents who spend a long time at the computer, according to modern concepts, is mediated by the electromagnetic field of the computer, the impact of which has not been ...A significant increase in dental diseases in adolescents who spend a long time at the computer, according to modern concepts, is mediated by the electromagnetic field of the computer, the impact of which has not been fully studied. The paper presents data from a comparative study of the dental status of the oral cavity and the state of periodontal tissues in adolescents aged 18 to 15 who spend more than 5 (target group of 55 adolescents) and less than 5 hours (control group of 20 adolescents) at the computer. The selection of the contingent was carried out randomly. According to the dental characteristics of the oral cavity, the number of dental plaque was assessed according to the simplified Turkish OHI-S hygiene index, in the modification Hi Fedorov-Volotkina, the severity of inflammatory and destructive changes in periodontal tissues according to the Pi index (Russell), and their prevalence according to the Papillary-Marginal-Alveolar index PMA in Parma modification. The conducted comparative study showed that in adolescents who worked 8 - 12 hours at the computer, periodontal changes occur much more often and are more pronounced than in adolescents who worked less than 5 hours. In addition, the neurohormonal parameters of the saliva of adolescents who are at the computer for less than 5 hours practically do not change, but in adults who work longer than 8 hours the saliva data in the mouth changes while.展开更多
Purpose: Candida albicans is regarded as a part of normal flora in the human oral cavity. However, it remains unclear whether the genus Candida, especially C. albicans, is an oral resident microorganism and causes mar...Purpose: Candida albicans is regarded as a part of normal flora in the human oral cavity. However, it remains unclear whether the genus Candida, especially C. albicans, is an oral resident microorganism and causes marital infection or not. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the origin of oral C. albicans by investigating the colonization and infection route to oral cavities of this organism with arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR). Methods: After C. albicans was isolated from four subjects (average age: 42.2, range: 33 - 56), the isolations of this organism from them were performed six months later again. To investigate whether C. albicans is an oral resident microorganism, the genotype homology of each C. albicans isolates that were isolated twice from the same subjects was compared. Moreover, C. albicans was isolated from five pairs of married couples (average period of cohabitation: 12.4 years, range: 5 - 31). To investigate whether C. albicans causes marital infection, the genotype homology of C. albicans isolates that were isolated from each pair of married couples was compared. Results: AP-PCR patterns of C. albicans that were isolated from each subject at o month and after 6 months showed the identical genotypes among each individual. C. albicans isolates from five pairs of married couples showed the identical genotypes between a husband and wife of each pair on AP-PCR. Conclusion: These results indicated that C. albicans was an oral resident microorganism and caused the marital infection.展开更多
Objective: The study aims to compare the application value of midline catheter and indwelling needle in patients with oral cavity malignancies during perioperative period. Methods: 146 patients with oral cavity malign...Objective: The study aims to compare the application value of midline catheter and indwelling needle in patients with oral cavity malignancies during perioperative period. Methods: 146 patients with oral cavity malignancies admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to July 2021 were selected as the research subjects. 73 patients treated with midline catheters during the treatment were the experimental group, and another 73 patients were treated with indwelling needles as the control group. The indwelling time, total number of puncturing times, and incidence of adverse reactions of two catheterization methods were compared between the two groups. Meanwhile, each patient was investigated for treatment satisfaction. Result: The indwelling time was significantly longer in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.0001), and the total number of puncturing times in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.0001). The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group (χ<sup>2</sup> = 4.960, P = 0.0259) was significantly lower than that in the control group in terms of catheter occlusion (χ<sup>2</sup> = 12.56, P = 0.0004), catheter detachment (χ<sup>2</sup> = 8.46, P = 0.0036), drug extravasation (χ<sup>2</sup> = 3.27, P = 0.0011), phlebitis (χ<sup>2</sup> = 3.62, P = 0.0003), and bleeding from the puncture point (χ<sup>2</sup> = 14.98, P = 0.0001). The satisfaction rate (χ<sup>2</sup> = 33.45, P < 0.0001) and fundamental satisfaction rate (χ<sup>2</sup> = 16.57, P < 0.0001) in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the dissatisfaction rate was significantly lower than that in the control group (χ<sup>2</sup> = 11.38, P = 0.0007). The difference is statistically significant. Conclusion: Compared with indwelling needle, the application of midline catheters in patients with oral cavity malignancies during perioperative period can effectively reduce the number of puncturing times and the incidence of catheter-related adverse reactions, with a high satisfaction rate, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application. 展开更多
Purpose: Recently, it was reported that Klebsiella pneumoniae is related to the onset of inflammatory bowel disease including the Crohn disease. It was frequently reported that K. pneumoniae was detected in human oral...Purpose: Recently, it was reported that Klebsiella pneumoniae is related to the onset of inflammatory bowel disease including the Crohn disease. It was frequently reported that K. pneumoniae was detected in human oral cavities. Regrettably, it currently remains unclear whether K. pneumoniae is part of the normal oral flora. The aim of this study was to establish the isolation and identification methods for K. pneumoniae from human oral cavities, and investigate its transmission pattern. Methods: A selective medium, OKPSM, for the isolation of K. pneumoniae from oral cavities was developed in this study. Also, PCR primer for the identification and detection at subspecies level of K. pneumoniae was designed. Results: OKPSM and PCR method using the primers designed in this study were useful for the isolation and identification of K. pneumoniae from human oral cavities. K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae was detected at 10.0% in 30 saliva samples. On the other hand, K. pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae and K. pneumoniae subsp. rhinoscleromatis were detected from no sample. Moreover, K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae isolates from same subject at 0 month and after 3 months showed same genotypes on AP-PCR using OPA-07 primer. Conclusion: These results indicated that human oral cavities were not suitable for the habitat of K. pneumoniae.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The route of most systemic diseases begins in the oral cavity. Oral health knowledge of mouthwashes and their uses is indispensable for the general population and especially adolescents. The use of mouthwa...BACKGROUND: The route of most systemic diseases begins in the oral cavity. Oral health knowledge of mouthwashes and their uses is indispensable for the general population and especially adolescents. The use of mouthwash by adolescents can be a beneficial adjunct to their oral hygiene routine, providing additional protection against dental diseases and promoting fresher breath. Overuse or misuse of mouthwash, particularly those containing alcohol or other potentially irritating ingredients, may lead to adverse effects such as oral mucosal irritation, dry mouth, or alteration of the oral microbiome. OBJECTIVES: To determine the knowledge, attitude, and use of mouthwash among senior high school students in Kumasi. METHODOLOGY: 120 students responded to a standard questionnaire by a convenient sample technique. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 and MS Excel were used for data management and analysis. The results of the study were presented using tables, bar charts, and pie chart. RESULTS: The ages of the respondents ranged from 14 to 20 years. Out of the 120 participants, 71 students that represent 59.2% of the total, used mouthwash. Majority of the participants (63%) utilized a mouthwash after brushing their teeth. 49% of the participants reported using mouthwash to address halitosis, 37% used it to combat periodontal disease, and 10% used it for relief from a sore throat. CONCLUSION: In general, most of the participants who use mouthwash had excellent knowledge and a positive attitude toward the use of mouthwash.展开更多
BACKGROUND Myiasis is a rare but risky pathology caused by a parasitic infestation of humansand animals by the dipterous larva. Oral myiasis occurs when soft tissues of theoral cavity are invaded by the larvae of flie...BACKGROUND Myiasis is a rare but risky pathology caused by a parasitic infestation of humansand animals by the dipterous larva. Oral myiasis occurs when soft tissues of theoral cavity are invaded by the larvae of flies. It is not a common disease for thereason that the oral cavity is not easily reachable for the fly to lay eggs. But it cancause pain, infection, uncomfortable feeling when the worms move, tissuedestruction and/or even life-threatening hemorrhages.CASE SUMMARY We reported a case of oral myiasis after cerebral infarction in a 78-year-old malepatient from southern China (Guangdong Zhanjiang). As a result of cerebralinfarction, he suffered from right hemiplegia, mobility and mental decline forabout 3 mo. He had difficulty swallowing and was fed via a feeding tube. Hemostly engaged in mouth breathing and had poor oral and dental hygiene. Morethan 20 live larvae were collected from the patient’s oral cavity, which werelocalized in the maxillary gingiva, the mandibular gingiva and the tongue. Thepatient recovered after the routine oral cleaning, removal of maggots,debridement and anti-infection treatment.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis and treatment of this infestation are essential due to thebothersome symptoms, such as inflammation, intense anxiety over the larvaemovement, possible serious complications, etc. Clinical staff should be familiarwith this infestation, and this disease should be considered, especially inphysically and mentally disabled patients or those at significant risk for infection.Necessary measures, including good sanitation, personal and environmentalhygiene and special care should be adopted so as to prevent this disease.展开更多
Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common pathogens among humans, and it is also closely related to stomach diseases. Spread of its diseases must be understood to properly control H. pylori. Oral H. pylori may als...Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common pathogens among humans, and it is also closely related to stomach diseases. Spread of its diseases must be understood to properly control H. pylori. Oral H. pylori may also play an important role in the spread of the bacterium. This study provides an overview on the role of oral H. pylori in spread, diagnosis,and prevention of this organism. The present work also determines difficulties encountered in current studies and progress of research on the relationship between oral H. pylori and oral diseases.展开更多
Spindle cell lipoma(SCL) is a benign lipomatous neoplasm typically located in the posterior neck and back of older males. It presents as a well-circumscribed mass in the buccal mucosa, tongue, floor of the mouth or ...Spindle cell lipoma(SCL) is a benign lipomatous neoplasm typically located in the posterior neck and back of older males. It presents as a well-circumscribed mass in the buccal mucosa, tongue, floor of the mouth or hard palate. There are only two case reports of SCL in the gingiva and alveolar ridge. Here, we report a case of SCL in the mandibular mucogingival junction of a 68-year-old male. Clinical,histopathological and immunohistochemical findings are presented. Although oral SCL is rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spindle cell neoplasms occurring in the oral cavity.展开更多
Purpose: Although the genus Candida is frequently isolated from human oral cavities, the distribution at the species level of these organisms has been little reported. The purpose of the present study was to assess th...Purpose: Although the genus Candida is frequently isolated from human oral cavities, the distribution at the species level of these organisms has been little reported. The purpose of the present study was to assess the distribution at the species level of the genus Candida in human oral cavities. Methods: This study was performed using culture and Multiplex PCR methods. Moreover, the genotyping classification of C. albicans was analyzed with a PCR. Results: Of all subjects (n = 90), detection frequency of genus Candida was 42.2%. Genus Candida was not detected in the subjects between 0 to 9 years old, and there was no difference in the detection frequencies of this organism among each generation from 10s to 80s. C. albicans was the most dominant species, followed by C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, and C. dubliniensis. Plural Candida species tended not to be detected in the individual sample. Genotype A was dominant in the C. albicans isolates. Conclusion: These results indicated that C. albicans of genotype A was dominant and that the genus Candida rarely coexists with other Candida species, in each individual oral cavity.展开更多
Aim: The oral cavity has the particularity to host multiple hard and soft tissues, in this paper, we will discuss the current therapies that lead to cell differentiation by regenerative therapies and the future altern...Aim: The oral cavity has the particularity to host multiple hard and soft tissues, in this paper, we will discuss the current therapies that lead to cell differentiation by regenerative therapies and the future alternatives proposed by medicinal plants and all the regenerative potential of these different tissues. Material and Methods: A detailed review of the literature through the various search engines: Scopus, PubMed, google scholar, Cochrane, etc., uses the selected keywords to explore the effect of the regenerative potential of several medicinal plants. Results: Through our research, we have proceeded to sort different medicinal plants, according to their repairing and regenerative potential on the different tissues of the oral cavity. Conclusion: Future studies are conceivable to explore the opportunities and potential provided by medicinal plants in the field of regenerative dentistry.展开更多
Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) has long been found to cause gastric diseases such as gastritis, gastric ulcers and gastric cancer. The transmission medium of this bacterium has yet to be determined, though several stu...Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) has long been found to cause gastric diseases such as gastritis, gastric ulcers and gastric cancer. The transmission medium of this bacterium has yet to be determined, though several studies have speculated that the oral cavity is a reservoir for H. pylori. Others have also reported that the oral cavity may be a source of both transmission and gastric reinfection; however, such results are controversial. We reviewed the literature and selected studies that report an association among H. pylori detections in the oral cavity(dental plaque, saliva, tongue, tonsil tissue, root canals, oral mucosa) in humans and in animals, as well as in the human stomach. The oral cavity may be considered the main reservoir for H. pylori. There are a correlations between H. pylori infection in the oral cavity and periodontal disease, oral tissue inflammation, H. pylori transmission, and gastric reinfection. We believe that the mouth is a reservoir and that it plays a crucial role in both H. pylori transmission and gastric infection.展开更多
Altered bowel flora is currently thought to play a role in a variety of disease conditions, and the use of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. as probiotics has been demonstrated to be health-promoting, even i...Altered bowel flora is currently thought to play a role in a variety of disease conditions, and the use of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. as probiotics has been demonstrated to be health-promoting, even if the success of their administration depends on the applied bacterial strain(s) and the targeted disease. In the last few decades, specific probiotics have been shown to be effective in the treatment or the prevention of acute viral gastroenteritis, pediatric post-antibiotic-associated diarrhea, some pediatric allergic disorders, necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants, inflammatory bowel diseases and postsurgical pouchitis. The potential application of probiotics is continuously widening, with new evidence accumulating to support their effect on the prevention and treatment of other disease conditions, including several oral diseases, such as dental caries, periodontal diseases and oral malodor, as well as genitourinary and wound infections. Considering the increasingly widespread ability of pathogens to generate persistent biofilm-related infections, an even more attractive proposal is to administer probiotics to prevent or counteract biofilm development.The response of biofilm-based oral, intestinal, vaginal and wound infections to probiotics treatment will be reviewed here in light of the most recent results obtained in this field.展开更多
Oral and maxillofacial diseases are a group of high-incidence disorders that affect people’s life quality to a great extent,while the wet and highly movable environment of the related regions brings challenges to tra...Oral and maxillofacial diseases are a group of high-incidence disorders that affect people’s life quality to a great extent,while the wet and highly movable environment of the related regions brings challenges to traditional therapies.Faced with the obstacles of insufficient adhesive strength and ensuing short drug retention time,conventional oral therapeutic agents often have difficulty in achieving their desired efficacy.Oral and maxillofacial wet-adhesive materials have the advantages of excellent wet environment retention,internal stability,plasticity,and clinical potential,thus have become a significant research direction in the field of oral related disorders healing.In the past decade,the development of oral adhesive materials with good wet adhesion has accelerated based on the chemical molecular interaction,physical interlocking,and biological adhesion mechanisms,including biomimetic-inspired materials,naturally derived polymer–based materials and adhesive electrospun fiber films.These fancy wet-adhesive materials can be used for oral mucosal drug delivery,oral vaccination,wound healing,and bone defects treatments.Despite their numerous novel applications,wet-adhesive materials in stomatology still face unresolved challenges from material and biological aspects.Here,advances in designs of oral and maxillofacial wetadhesive materials are reviewed in terms of design backgrounds,attachment mechanisms,and common classifications.Recent demonstrations of wet-adhesive materials for oral and maxillofacial region medical applications from drug delivery to multifunctional tissue treatments are presented.To conclude,current challenges and prospects on potential applications of oral and maxillofacial wet-adhesive materials are also briefly discussed.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the cl inical effect of electro ̄acupuncture (EA) in treating maxillofacial hemangiom a (MFH). Methods:Platinum needles (electrode) were inserted into t he MFH in 405 patients, the locations ...Objective: To investigate the cl inical effect of electro ̄acupuncture (EA) in treating maxillofacial hemangiom a (MFH). Methods:Platinum needles (electrode) were inserted into t he MFH in 405 patients, the locations of which were found with the guidance of B ̄ultrasonography or CT, and the number of needles was decided by the size of the MFH, the distance between needles was about 1.5cm, and the peri ̄lesional health tissues were protected with plastic insulating canulae. The electrodes, i.e. the cathodes and anodes, were linked to the EA apparatus for EA treatment, and the usually applied voltage was 5.0-7.0V, the current 60-80mA and the quanti ty about 100 coulombs/cm of MFH's diameter. B ̄ultrasonography was used for mo nitoring during EA, and the treatment was finished when B ̄ultrasonography sho wed disappearance of blood flow in the MFH. Results: Evaluation ac cording to WHO's standard for therapeutic efficacy evaluation of tumor showed th at, after treatment, 345 patients (85.2%) were completely remitted (CR), 39 (9.6 %) partially remitted (PR), 12 (3.0%) improved pathologically, and 9 (2.2%) show ing no improvement, the effective rate (CR+PR) being 94.8%. Conclusion: EA, as a creative technique for treatment of MFH, has made a breakthrough in clinical practice,showing high efficacy. It also has such superiorities as be ing simple, causing less injury, and enabling the patients to recover quickly, w ith no scar left and easily to popularize, and therefore, it provides an effecti ve method for curing MFH.展开更多
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma(SNEC)is an extremely aggressive tumor and mainly occurs in the lung.Primary extra-pulmonary SNEC is rare.To date,only 11 primary SNECs occurring in the oral cavity have been reporte...Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma(SNEC)is an extremely aggressive tumor and mainly occurs in the lung.Primary extra-pulmonary SNEC is rare.To date,only 11 primary SNECs occurring in the oral cavity have been reported in the English literature.We describe a case of primary SNEC of the right posterior tongue in a 46-year-old man.The patient had stage IVA disease and received adjuvant chemotherapy,followed by radical surgery and radiotherapy.He remained tumor-free for 20 mo before death due to gastrointestinal metastasis.The relevant literature on the 11 previously reported patients was reviewed,and the clinical features,histopathological characteristics,differential diagnosis and therapeutic strategies of this rare tumor were analyzed.展开更多
文摘Oral cavity cancers are part of head and neck cancers. They have become frequent in the world in general and Senegal in particular. This study evaluates microsatellite instability tumors in oral cavity cancers in Senegal. Forty cancerous tissues, 20 healthy tissues, and 12 blood tissues were included in this study. These tissues were collected from each patient during the biopsy after obtaining consent. DNA extraction, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequencing were carried out to obtain sequences. Mutation surveyor, Bioedit and Dnasp software were used to perform our analyses. High instability was found in 57.5% of patients with cancer. Moreover, 90% of the patients had the same motif on healthy and cancerous tissue. Furthermore, 26.12%, 20.72%, and 11.71% polymorphic sites were found in cancerous, healthy and blood tissue respectively. Thus, a similarity between cancerous and healthy tissues seems to exist. This implies that instability of the Bat 26 microsatellite could occur early in the occurrence of oral cavity cancers.
文摘Lymphatic malformation (ML), formerly called cystic lymphangioma is a benign hamartomatous tumor of lymphatic vessels. The onset of lymphangiomas is either at birth (60% to 70%) or up to two years of age (90%) and rare in adults. These malformations can occur in any region of the body, Lymphangiomas have marked predilection for the head and neck region (50% - 70%). The most common location in the mouth is the dorsum of tongue. If the positive diagnosis is generally easy, the therapeutic management remains controversial. We report the clinical case of a 23-year-old adult patient with cystic lymphangioma on the floor of the oral cavity extending gradually to the right submandibular region. The clinically suspected tumor was thoroughly explored using tomodensitometry. The treatment consisted of complete resection by a cervicotomy with histological examination confirming the macroscopic diagnosis of cystic lymphangioma. Follow-up at 3 years showed no recurrence.
基金the Medical University of Bialystok,Poland(projectno:3-06429F)
文摘The aim of the study was a determination of the levels of nitric oxide(NO)and its biological markers such as malonyldialdehyde(MDA)and nitrotyrosine in the serum of patients with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of the oral cavity and identification of the relationships between NO and those markers.These studies were performed on patients with SCC of the oral cavity before and after treatment.Griess reaction was used for the estimation of the total concentration of NO in serum.The nitrotyrosine level in serum was assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kit,and MDA level using a spectrophotometric assay.Higher concentrations of NO in blood serum were determined in patients with stage IV of the disease before treatment in comparison to the control group and patients with stages II and III of the disease.Moreover,higher concentrations of MDA and nitrotyrosine were determined in the serum of patients in all stages of the disease in comparison to healthy people.After treatment,lower concentrations of NO in the serum of patients with stage IV of the disease were observed in comparison to the amounts obtained prior to treatment.In addition,lower levels of nitrotyrosine in the serum of patients with all stages of the disease were recorded,whereas higher concentrations of MDA were determined in these patients in comparison to results obtained before treatment.The compounds formed with the contribution of NO,such as MDA and nitrotyrosine,may lead to cancer progression in patients with SCC of the oral cavity,and contribute to formation of resistance to therapy in these patients as well.Moreover,the lack of a relationship between concentrations of NO and MDA,and between NO and nitrotyrosine in serum suggests that the process of lipid peroxidation and nitration in patients with SCC does not just depend on NO.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge theMinistry of Electronics and Informa-tion Technology(MeitY)Government of India for financial support through the scholarship for Palli Padmini,during research work through Visvesvaraya Ph.D.Scheme for Electronics and IT.
文摘The present system experimentally demonstrates a synthesis of syllables and words from tongue manoeuvers in multiple languages,captured by four oral sensors only.For an experimental demonstration of the system used in the oral cavity,a prototype tooth model was used.Based on the principle developed in a previous publication by the author(s),the proposed system has been implemented using the oral cavity(tongue,teeth,and lips)features alone,without the glottis and the larynx.The positions of the sensors in the proposed system were optimized based on articulatory(oral cavity)gestures estimated by simulating the mechanism of human speech.The system has been tested for all English alphabets and several words with sensor-based input along with an experimental demonstration of the developed algorithm,with limit switches,potentiometer,and flex sensors emulating the tongue in an artificial oral cavity.The system produces the sounds of vowels,consonants,and words in English,along with the pronunciation of meanings of their translations in four major Indian languages,all from oral cavity mapping.The experimental setup also caters to gender mapping of voice.The sound produced from the hardware has been validated by a perceptual test to verify the gender and word of the speech sample by listeners,with∼98%and∼95%accuracy,respectively.Such a model may be useful to interpret speech for those who are speech-disabled because of accidents,neuron disorder,spinal cord injury,or larynx disorder.
文摘BACKGROUND An impalement injury of the oral cavity is a common traumatic injury in children.In most cases,it is not accompanied by sequelae,but if foreign body residues are not found due to a minor injury,they may result in inflammatory responses and delayed vascular injuries in the surrounding tissues.Without early diagnosis and appropriate initial management,residual foreign bodies can cause serious complications and even mortality in some cases.CASE SUMMARY A 9-year-old boy suffered an intra-oral injury by a wooden chopstick,and the patient was discharged from the hospital after receiving conservative treatment for the injury.However,the patient was readmitted to the hospital due to intraoral bleeding,and since neck hematoma and right internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm formation were detected on computed tomography,emergency surgery was performed.A remnant fragment of a wooden chopstick was found during the operation,and a delayed rupture of the internal carotid artery caused by the foreign body was also found.CONCLUSION The failure of early detection and diagnosis of a residual foreign body may result in delayed vascular rupture.
文摘A significant increase in dental diseases in adolescents who spend a long time at the computer, according to modern concepts, is mediated by the electromagnetic field of the computer, the impact of which has not been fully studied. The paper presents data from a comparative study of the dental status of the oral cavity and the state of periodontal tissues in adolescents aged 18 to 15 who spend more than 5 (target group of 55 adolescents) and less than 5 hours (control group of 20 adolescents) at the computer. The selection of the contingent was carried out randomly. According to the dental characteristics of the oral cavity, the number of dental plaque was assessed according to the simplified Turkish OHI-S hygiene index, in the modification Hi Fedorov-Volotkina, the severity of inflammatory and destructive changes in periodontal tissues according to the Pi index (Russell), and their prevalence according to the Papillary-Marginal-Alveolar index PMA in Parma modification. The conducted comparative study showed that in adolescents who worked 8 - 12 hours at the computer, periodontal changes occur much more often and are more pronounced than in adolescents who worked less than 5 hours. In addition, the neurohormonal parameters of the saliva of adolescents who are at the computer for less than 5 hours practically do not change, but in adults who work longer than 8 hours the saliva data in the mouth changes while.
文摘Purpose: Candida albicans is regarded as a part of normal flora in the human oral cavity. However, it remains unclear whether the genus Candida, especially C. albicans, is an oral resident microorganism and causes marital infection or not. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the origin of oral C. albicans by investigating the colonization and infection route to oral cavities of this organism with arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR). Methods: After C. albicans was isolated from four subjects (average age: 42.2, range: 33 - 56), the isolations of this organism from them were performed six months later again. To investigate whether C. albicans is an oral resident microorganism, the genotype homology of each C. albicans isolates that were isolated twice from the same subjects was compared. Moreover, C. albicans was isolated from five pairs of married couples (average period of cohabitation: 12.4 years, range: 5 - 31). To investigate whether C. albicans causes marital infection, the genotype homology of C. albicans isolates that were isolated from each pair of married couples was compared. Results: AP-PCR patterns of C. albicans that were isolated from each subject at o month and after 6 months showed the identical genotypes among each individual. C. albicans isolates from five pairs of married couples showed the identical genotypes between a husband and wife of each pair on AP-PCR. Conclusion: These results indicated that C. albicans was an oral resident microorganism and caused the marital infection.
文摘Objective: The study aims to compare the application value of midline catheter and indwelling needle in patients with oral cavity malignancies during perioperative period. Methods: 146 patients with oral cavity malignancies admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to July 2021 were selected as the research subjects. 73 patients treated with midline catheters during the treatment were the experimental group, and another 73 patients were treated with indwelling needles as the control group. The indwelling time, total number of puncturing times, and incidence of adverse reactions of two catheterization methods were compared between the two groups. Meanwhile, each patient was investigated for treatment satisfaction. Result: The indwelling time was significantly longer in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.0001), and the total number of puncturing times in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.0001). The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group (χ<sup>2</sup> = 4.960, P = 0.0259) was significantly lower than that in the control group in terms of catheter occlusion (χ<sup>2</sup> = 12.56, P = 0.0004), catheter detachment (χ<sup>2</sup> = 8.46, P = 0.0036), drug extravasation (χ<sup>2</sup> = 3.27, P = 0.0011), phlebitis (χ<sup>2</sup> = 3.62, P = 0.0003), and bleeding from the puncture point (χ<sup>2</sup> = 14.98, P = 0.0001). The satisfaction rate (χ<sup>2</sup> = 33.45, P < 0.0001) and fundamental satisfaction rate (χ<sup>2</sup> = 16.57, P < 0.0001) in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the dissatisfaction rate was significantly lower than that in the control group (χ<sup>2</sup> = 11.38, P = 0.0007). The difference is statistically significant. Conclusion: Compared with indwelling needle, the application of midline catheters in patients with oral cavity malignancies during perioperative period can effectively reduce the number of puncturing times and the incidence of catheter-related adverse reactions, with a high satisfaction rate, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
文摘Purpose: Recently, it was reported that Klebsiella pneumoniae is related to the onset of inflammatory bowel disease including the Crohn disease. It was frequently reported that K. pneumoniae was detected in human oral cavities. Regrettably, it currently remains unclear whether K. pneumoniae is part of the normal oral flora. The aim of this study was to establish the isolation and identification methods for K. pneumoniae from human oral cavities, and investigate its transmission pattern. Methods: A selective medium, OKPSM, for the isolation of K. pneumoniae from oral cavities was developed in this study. Also, PCR primer for the identification and detection at subspecies level of K. pneumoniae was designed. Results: OKPSM and PCR method using the primers designed in this study were useful for the isolation and identification of K. pneumoniae from human oral cavities. K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae was detected at 10.0% in 30 saliva samples. On the other hand, K. pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae and K. pneumoniae subsp. rhinoscleromatis were detected from no sample. Moreover, K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae isolates from same subject at 0 month and after 3 months showed same genotypes on AP-PCR using OPA-07 primer. Conclusion: These results indicated that human oral cavities were not suitable for the habitat of K. pneumoniae.
文摘BACKGROUND: The route of most systemic diseases begins in the oral cavity. Oral health knowledge of mouthwashes and their uses is indispensable for the general population and especially adolescents. The use of mouthwash by adolescents can be a beneficial adjunct to their oral hygiene routine, providing additional protection against dental diseases and promoting fresher breath. Overuse or misuse of mouthwash, particularly those containing alcohol or other potentially irritating ingredients, may lead to adverse effects such as oral mucosal irritation, dry mouth, or alteration of the oral microbiome. OBJECTIVES: To determine the knowledge, attitude, and use of mouthwash among senior high school students in Kumasi. METHODOLOGY: 120 students responded to a standard questionnaire by a convenient sample technique. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 22.0 and MS Excel were used for data management and analysis. The results of the study were presented using tables, bar charts, and pie chart. RESULTS: The ages of the respondents ranged from 14 to 20 years. Out of the 120 participants, 71 students that represent 59.2% of the total, used mouthwash. Majority of the participants (63%) utilized a mouthwash after brushing their teeth. 49% of the participants reported using mouthwash to address halitosis, 37% used it to combat periodontal disease, and 10% used it for relief from a sore throat. CONCLUSION: In general, most of the participants who use mouthwash had excellent knowledge and a positive attitude toward the use of mouthwash.
文摘BACKGROUND Myiasis is a rare but risky pathology caused by a parasitic infestation of humansand animals by the dipterous larva. Oral myiasis occurs when soft tissues of theoral cavity are invaded by the larvae of flies. It is not a common disease for thereason that the oral cavity is not easily reachable for the fly to lay eggs. But it cancause pain, infection, uncomfortable feeling when the worms move, tissuedestruction and/or even life-threatening hemorrhages.CASE SUMMARY We reported a case of oral myiasis after cerebral infarction in a 78-year-old malepatient from southern China (Guangdong Zhanjiang). As a result of cerebralinfarction, he suffered from right hemiplegia, mobility and mental decline forabout 3 mo. He had difficulty swallowing and was fed via a feeding tube. Hemostly engaged in mouth breathing and had poor oral and dental hygiene. Morethan 20 live larvae were collected from the patient’s oral cavity, which werelocalized in the maxillary gingiva, the mandibular gingiva and the tongue. Thepatient recovered after the routine oral cleaning, removal of maggots,debridement and anti-infection treatment.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis and treatment of this infestation are essential due to thebothersome symptoms, such as inflammation, intense anxiety over the larvaemovement, possible serious complications, etc. Clinical staff should be familiarwith this infestation, and this disease should be considered, especially inphysically and mentally disabled patients or those at significant risk for infection.Necessary measures, including good sanitation, personal and environmentalhygiene and special care should be adopted so as to prevent this disease.
文摘Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common pathogens among humans, and it is also closely related to stomach diseases. Spread of its diseases must be understood to properly control H. pylori. Oral H. pylori may also play an important role in the spread of the bacterium. This study provides an overview on the role of oral H. pylori in spread, diagnosis,and prevention of this organism. The present work also determines difficulties encountered in current studies and progress of research on the relationship between oral H. pylori and oral diseases.
基金support from the College of Dentistry Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, including laboratory technical assistance that was provided
文摘Spindle cell lipoma(SCL) is a benign lipomatous neoplasm typically located in the posterior neck and back of older males. It presents as a well-circumscribed mass in the buccal mucosa, tongue, floor of the mouth or hard palate. There are only two case reports of SCL in the gingiva and alveolar ridge. Here, we report a case of SCL in the mandibular mucogingival junction of a 68-year-old male. Clinical,histopathological and immunohistochemical findings are presented. Although oral SCL is rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spindle cell neoplasms occurring in the oral cavity.
文摘Purpose: Although the genus Candida is frequently isolated from human oral cavities, the distribution at the species level of these organisms has been little reported. The purpose of the present study was to assess the distribution at the species level of the genus Candida in human oral cavities. Methods: This study was performed using culture and Multiplex PCR methods. Moreover, the genotyping classification of C. albicans was analyzed with a PCR. Results: Of all subjects (n = 90), detection frequency of genus Candida was 42.2%. Genus Candida was not detected in the subjects between 0 to 9 years old, and there was no difference in the detection frequencies of this organism among each generation from 10s to 80s. C. albicans was the most dominant species, followed by C. parapsilosis, C. glabrata, and C. dubliniensis. Plural Candida species tended not to be detected in the individual sample. Genotype A was dominant in the C. albicans isolates. Conclusion: These results indicated that C. albicans of genotype A was dominant and that the genus Candida rarely coexists with other Candida species, in each individual oral cavity.
文摘Aim: The oral cavity has the particularity to host multiple hard and soft tissues, in this paper, we will discuss the current therapies that lead to cell differentiation by regenerative therapies and the future alternatives proposed by medicinal plants and all the regenerative potential of these different tissues. Material and Methods: A detailed review of the literature through the various search engines: Scopus, PubMed, google scholar, Cochrane, etc., uses the selected keywords to explore the effect of the regenerative potential of several medicinal plants. Results: Through our research, we have proceeded to sort different medicinal plants, according to their repairing and regenerative potential on the different tissues of the oral cavity. Conclusion: Future studies are conceivable to explore the opportunities and potential provided by medicinal plants in the field of regenerative dentistry.
基金Supported by Sao Paulo Research Foundation(FAPESP)Sacred Heart University of Bauru Marília School of Medicine,No.2012/18333-3
文摘Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) has long been found to cause gastric diseases such as gastritis, gastric ulcers and gastric cancer. The transmission medium of this bacterium has yet to be determined, though several studies have speculated that the oral cavity is a reservoir for H. pylori. Others have also reported that the oral cavity may be a source of both transmission and gastric reinfection; however, such results are controversial. We reviewed the literature and selected studies that report an association among H. pylori detections in the oral cavity(dental plaque, saliva, tongue, tonsil tissue, root canals, oral mucosa) in humans and in animals, as well as in the human stomach. The oral cavity may be considered the main reservoir for H. pylori. There are a correlations between H. pylori infection in the oral cavity and periodontal disease, oral tissue inflammation, H. pylori transmission, and gastric reinfection. We believe that the mouth is a reservoir and that it plays a crucial role in both H. pylori transmission and gastric infection.
文摘Altered bowel flora is currently thought to play a role in a variety of disease conditions, and the use of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. as probiotics has been demonstrated to be health-promoting, even if the success of their administration depends on the applied bacterial strain(s) and the targeted disease. In the last few decades, specific probiotics have been shown to be effective in the treatment or the prevention of acute viral gastroenteritis, pediatric post-antibiotic-associated diarrhea, some pediatric allergic disorders, necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants, inflammatory bowel diseases and postsurgical pouchitis. The potential application of probiotics is continuously widening, with new evidence accumulating to support their effect on the prevention and treatment of other disease conditions, including several oral diseases, such as dental caries, periodontal diseases and oral malodor, as well as genitourinary and wound infections. Considering the increasingly widespread ability of pathogens to generate persistent biofilm-related infections, an even more attractive proposal is to administer probiotics to prevent or counteract biofilm development.The response of biofilm-based oral, intestinal, vaginal and wound infections to probiotics treatment will be reviewed here in light of the most recent results obtained in this field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82101076,81771122,81970985)Key Research Program of Sichuan Science and Technology Department(No.2019YJ0147)Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(No.2020M683334)。
文摘Oral and maxillofacial diseases are a group of high-incidence disorders that affect people’s life quality to a great extent,while the wet and highly movable environment of the related regions brings challenges to traditional therapies.Faced with the obstacles of insufficient adhesive strength and ensuing short drug retention time,conventional oral therapeutic agents often have difficulty in achieving their desired efficacy.Oral and maxillofacial wet-adhesive materials have the advantages of excellent wet environment retention,internal stability,plasticity,and clinical potential,thus have become a significant research direction in the field of oral related disorders healing.In the past decade,the development of oral adhesive materials with good wet adhesion has accelerated based on the chemical molecular interaction,physical interlocking,and biological adhesion mechanisms,including biomimetic-inspired materials,naturally derived polymer–based materials and adhesive electrospun fiber films.These fancy wet-adhesive materials can be used for oral mucosal drug delivery,oral vaccination,wound healing,and bone defects treatments.Despite their numerous novel applications,wet-adhesive materials in stomatology still face unresolved challenges from material and biological aspects.Here,advances in designs of oral and maxillofacial wetadhesive materials are reviewed in terms of design backgrounds,attachment mechanisms,and common classifications.Recent demonstrations of wet-adhesive materials for oral and maxillofacial region medical applications from drug delivery to multifunctional tissue treatments are presented.To conclude,current challenges and prospects on potential applications of oral and maxillofacial wet-adhesive materials are also briefly discussed.
文摘Objective: To investigate the cl inical effect of electro ̄acupuncture (EA) in treating maxillofacial hemangiom a (MFH). Methods:Platinum needles (electrode) were inserted into t he MFH in 405 patients, the locations of which were found with the guidance of B ̄ultrasonography or CT, and the number of needles was decided by the size of the MFH, the distance between needles was about 1.5cm, and the peri ̄lesional health tissues were protected with plastic insulating canulae. The electrodes, i.e. the cathodes and anodes, were linked to the EA apparatus for EA treatment, and the usually applied voltage was 5.0-7.0V, the current 60-80mA and the quanti ty about 100 coulombs/cm of MFH's diameter. B ̄ultrasonography was used for mo nitoring during EA, and the treatment was finished when B ̄ultrasonography sho wed disappearance of blood flow in the MFH. Results: Evaluation ac cording to WHO's standard for therapeutic efficacy evaluation of tumor showed th at, after treatment, 345 patients (85.2%) were completely remitted (CR), 39 (9.6 %) partially remitted (PR), 12 (3.0%) improved pathologically, and 9 (2.2%) show ing no improvement, the effective rate (CR+PR) being 94.8%. Conclusion: EA, as a creative technique for treatment of MFH, has made a breakthrough in clinical practice,showing high efficacy. It also has such superiorities as be ing simple, causing less injury, and enabling the patients to recover quickly, w ith no scar left and easily to popularize, and therefore, it provides an effecti ve method for curing MFH.
文摘Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma(SNEC)is an extremely aggressive tumor and mainly occurs in the lung.Primary extra-pulmonary SNEC is rare.To date,only 11 primary SNECs occurring in the oral cavity have been reported in the English literature.We describe a case of primary SNEC of the right posterior tongue in a 46-year-old man.The patient had stage IVA disease and received adjuvant chemotherapy,followed by radical surgery and radiotherapy.He remained tumor-free for 20 mo before death due to gastrointestinal metastasis.The relevant literature on the 11 previously reported patients was reviewed,and the clinical features,histopathological characteristics,differential diagnosis and therapeutic strategies of this rare tumor were analyzed.