Analytical and Traveling Wave Solutions to the Fifth Order Standard Sawada-Kotera Equation via the Generalized exp(-Φ(ξ))-Expansion Method

In this article, we propose a generalized exp(-Φ(ξ))-expansion method and successfully implement it to find exact traveling wave solutions to the fifth order standard Sawada-Kotera (SK) equation. The exact traveling wave solutions are established in the form of trigonometric, hyperbolic, exponential and rational functions with some free parameters. It is shown that this method is standard, effective and easily applicable mathematical tool for solving nonlinear partial differential equations arises in the field of mathematical physics and engineering.

Decomposition Theorems for Semi-order Fuzzy Supermartingales and Submartingales

Based on semi - order fuzzy supermaringales andsubmartingales, the semi- order fuzzy supermartingaleand submartingale theory is developed. The main resultis to generalize the Doob decomposition and the Riesz de-composition theorems of standard martingale theory tosemi - order fuzzy supermaringales and submartingales.The structure of semi - order fuzzy supermaringales andsubmartingales and the conditions of that they has Doobdecomposition (resp. Riesz decomposition) are discussedin detail.

O(t^(-β))-SYNCHRONIZATION AND ASYMPTOTIC SYNCHRONIZATION OF DELAYED FRACTIONAL ORDER NEURAL NETWORKS

This article explores the O(t^(-β))synchronization and asymptotic synchronization for fractional order BAM neural networks(FBAMNNs)with discrete delays,distributed delays and non-identical perturbations.By designing a state feedback control law and a new kind of fractional order Lyapunov functional,a new set of algebraic sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the O(t^(-β))Synchronization and asymptotic synchronization of the considered FBAMNNs model;this can easily be evaluated without using a MATLAB LMI control toolbox.Finally,two numerical examples,along with the simulation results,illustrate the correctness and viability of the exhibited synchronization results.

Reflection of Liberal Values in the Georgian Press in 1918-1921

This study deals with the values and orientation of Georgian social and political publications in the times of the Georgian Democratic Republic （1918-1921）. It also shows how the press of that time reflected the idea of ＂Georgian Europeanism＂ based on liberal values that took shape as an anti-colonial concept in the journalism of the late 19th century. The opposed dominant ideological projects of that era comprised on the one hand, National Democratic and Socialist Federalist parties that aspired to preserve national identity and carry out changes and on the other hand, ruling Social Democrats （who initially neglected national identity, but later shared the idea）. This opposition was clearly reflected in the media discourse of that time, which implied the following rights based on the principles of classical liberalism： freedom of conscience and expression, rule of law, personal independence, and individual rights. Other elements were added to this list later. The issue of religious tolerance also became topical. Journalist texts of the period reflected and rationalised the values recognised in today＇s democratic and liberal communities. The research was carried out in the archives of the periodicals of the aforementioned period （newspapers Sakhalkho Sakme, Sakartvelo, Ertoba, and Sakartvelos Respublika） by means of systematising and classifying retrieved materials and making a substantive and varietal analysis of individual media texts.

On the Caginalp for a Conserve Phase-Field with a Polynomial Potentiel of Order 2<i>p</i>- 1

Our aim in this paper is to study on the Caginalp for a conserved phase-field with a polynomial potentiel of order 2p - 1. In this part, one treats the conservative version of the problem of generalized phase field. We consider a regular potential, more precisely a polynomial term of the order 2p - 1 with edge conditions of Dirichlet type. Existence and uniqueness are analyzed. More precisely, we precisely, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions.

High-Order BAM, Its Modifications and Performance Analyses

Based on Tai’ s high - order bidirectional associative memory ( HOBAM) and Stmposon’ s intraconnected BAM (IBAM) , two Improved models are first presented and discussed in this paper. The improved models not only retain the advantages of both HOBAM and ISAM but overcome the shortcomings of Kosko’ s BAM also. Secondly their recall stabilities in synchronous and asyn-chronous update modes have been proven by defining corresponding energy functions which decrease as the re-call process proceeds such that the systems can ensure all the training pattern pairs to become local minima of the energy surfaces. Finally with signal - to - noise ratio (SNR) approach, we show that their storage capacities and error correction capabilities are better than that of the HOBAM.

论中国在建立国际经济新秩序中的战略定位--兼评“新自由主义经济秩序”论、“WTO宪政秩序”论、“经济民族主义扰乱全球化秩序”论

1980年代以来,国际社会中力图阻挠或扭曲建立国际经济新秩序(NIEO)历史潮流的各种学说层出不穷,诸如"新自由主义经济秩序"论、"WTO宪政秩序"论、"经济民族主义扰乱全球化秩序"论等等。这类学说虽然激发了一些新的有益思考,却确实造成了一系列新的思想混乱。建立NIEO乃是1950年代以来全球弱势群体数十亿人口争取国际经济平权地位的共同奋斗目标,当代中国人应当全面、完整、准确地加深理解邓小平的"韬光养晦、有所作为"方针,将中国在建立NIEO历史进程中的战略坐标和基本角色,定位为旗帜鲜明、言行一致的积极推动者。中国理应进一步发扬传统的具有独特内涵的中华民族爱国主义,通过BRICSM类型的"南南联合"群体,成为建立NIEO的积极推手和中流砥柱之一。总之,中国人务必保持清醒,谨防落入上述各种"时髦"理论的陷阱。

SOME EULER SPACES OF DIFFERENCE SEQUENCES OF ORDER m

Kizmaz [13] studied the difference sequence spaces ∞（A）, c（A）, and co（A）. Several article dealt with the sets of sequences of m-th order difference of which are bounded, convergent, or convergent to zero. Altay and Basar [5] and Altay, Basar, and Mursaleen [7] introduced the Euler sequence spaces e0^r, ec^r, and e∞^r, respectively. The main purpose of this article is to introduce the spaces e0^r△^（m））, ec^r△^（m））, and e∞^r△^（m））consisting of all sequences whose mth order differences are in the Euler spaces e0^r, ec^r, and e∞^r, respectively. Moreover, the authors give some topological properties and inclusion relations, and determine the α-, β-, and γ-duals of the spaces e0^r△^（m））, ec^r△^（m））, and e∞^r△^（m））, and the Schauder basis of the spaces e0^r△^（m））, ec^r△^（m））. The last section of the article is devoted to the characterization of some matrix mappings on the sequence space ec^r△^（m））.

Insights into the enhanced structure stability and electrochemical performance of Ti^(4+)/F^(-) co-doped P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2) cathodes for sodium ion batteries at high voltage

P2-Na_(0.67)N_(i0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2)is considered as a promising cathode material for sodium-ion battery (SIBs)because of its high capacity and discharge potential.However,its practical use is limited by Na^(+)/vacancy ordering and P2-O2 phase transition.Herein,a Ti^(4+)/F^(-) co-doping strategy is developed to address these issues.The optimal P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.37)Ti_(0.3)O_(1.9)F_(0.1) exhibits much enhanced sodium storage performance in the high voltage range of 2.0–4.4 V,including a cycling stability of 77.2%over 300cycles at a rate of 2 C and a high-rate capability of 87.7 m Ah g^(-1) at 6 C.Moreover,the P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.37)Ti_(0.3)O_(1.9)F_(0.1) delivers reversible capacities of 82.7 and 128.1 m Ah g^(-1) at-10 and 50℃ at a rate of 2 C,respectively.The capacity retentions over 200 cycles at-10℃ is 94.2%,implying more opportunity for practical application.In-situ X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that both P2-O2 phase transitions and Na^(+)/vacancy ordering is suppressed by Ti^(4+)/F^(-) co-doping,which resulting in fast Na^(+) diffusion and stable phase structure.The hard carbon//P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.37)Ti_(0.3)O_(1.9)F_(0.1) full cell exhibits a high energy density of 310.2 Wh kg^(-1) and remarkable cyclability with 82.1%retention after 300 cycles at 1 C in the voltage range of 1.5–4.2 V.These results demonstrate that the co-doping Ti^(4+)/F^(-) is a promising strategy to improve the electrochemical properties of P2-Na_(0.67)Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67)O_(2),providing a facile tactic to develop high performance cathode materials for SIBs.

An Improved Numerical Simulation Mode of Nonlinear Wave with Consideration of High Order Terms

SUN Da-peng BAO Wei-bin, WU Hao and LI Yu-cheng （ In this paper the 0-1 combined BEM is adopted to subdivide the computational domain boundary, and to discretize the Green＇s integral expression based on Laplace equation. The FEM is used to subdivide the wave surface and deduce the surface equation which satisfies the nonlinear boundary conditions on the surface. The equations with potential function and wave surface height as an unknown quantity by application of Taylor expansion approach can be solved by iteration within the time step. In m-time iteration within the computational process of time step （n-1）At to nat, the results of the previous iteration are taken as the initial value of the two-order unknown terms in the present iteration. Thus, an improved tracking mode of nonlinear wave surface is estabIished, and numerical results of wave tank test indicate that this mode is improved obviously and is more precise than the previous numerical model which ignored the two-order unknown terms of wave surface location and velocity potential function in comparison with the theoretical values.

大国制造业兴衰与国际经济秩序变迁

从国际经济秩序演进历程看,秩序调整与世界政治领导国国内制造业兴衰紧密相关。制造业兴衰影响大国在世界政治中的结构性权力,进而影响其在不同国际秩序中的利益。在制造业成长阶段,英美两国均试图建立重商主义的国内或国际秩序,以促成本土制造业发展;在制造业成熟阶段,两国积极推进贸易自由化的国际秩序构建;在制造业衰落阶段,两国面临日益增大的保护主义压力,同时积极推进以金融自由化为重点的秩序构建。依托制造业优势地位,以贸易自由化为重点,中国逐渐成为维护国际经济秩序的建设性力量。

“自由国际秩序”的正义性缺陷与合法性危机

“自由国际秩序”是一种源自以美国为首的西方国家并逐步扩展至全球的国际秩序。从权力视角来看,“自由国际秩序”具有等级性、价值观一元性和排他性的特点,在经济、政治及安全层面分别形成了“马太效应”下塑造的经济霸权、“价值一元化”的政治霸权、“二元化”的排他性安全霸权,体现了分配正义缺陷。从东方主义话语视角来看,“自由国际秩序”作为西方世界的知识话语体系,在话语层面形成了一种霸权垄断,体现了参与正义缺陷。总的来说,分配正义和参与正义的缺失是“自由国际秩序”合法性危机的来源。“自由国际秩序”在维持其合法性基础的合法律性、利益分配及参与程度三个基本要素方面存在不足,由此造成当今“自由国际秩序”面临逐渐走向失序的危机。

冷战结束以来俄罗斯对国际秩序的认知历程及其演变逻辑

冷战结束以来俄罗斯对国际秩序的认知经历了一个曲折的发展历程:20世纪90年代中前期,俄罗斯全盘接受并极力融入美西方主导的自由国际秩序;20世纪90年代中后期开始到2007年,俄罗斯开始质疑和反思美西方自由国际秩序的制度标准和地缘安排,但依然希望被接纳;2008年至今,俄罗斯逐渐放弃对美西方自由国际秩序的幻想,并开始反击其地缘安排。2022年乌克兰危机爆发意味着俄罗斯对美西方秩序的彻底反击,并提出和推进其多极世界秩序构想。俄罗斯对国际秩序的认知历程是其自我认知与对外部世界的认知不断调适的产物,其形成过程受到多种因素的共同作用,主要包括俄罗斯的大国梦想和历史文化传统、美西方对俄罗斯的态度,以及世界政治的客观形势。

时代嬗变与国际秩序更新——基于唯物史观的观察和分析

时代标识人类生活的历史方位,国际秩序则是人类跨国互动的基础条件。对时代和国际秩序的认知均有重要战略价值和政策意义。基于马克思主义唯物史观视角,当前时代嬗变表现为,和平、发展、合作、共赢虽仍为时代主题,但和平、发展、信任、治理四类赤字均在扩大。引发时代嬗变的根本原因,在于全球生产方式和世界上层建筑的深刻调整与变革。世界已进入“新时代”,即马克思主义经典作家描述的“大的历史时代”的新阶段,也是人类历史发展到和平与发展时期的新阶段。在这一动荡与变革交织的新的历史时期,国际旧秩序也即自由主义国际秩序因新兴市场国家和发展中国家的群体性崛起、美国事实上的反秩序行为,以及自由主义精神内核陷入严重危机等重大冲击而处于更新过程中,国际新秩序正在孕育。人类命运共同体是国际秩序正确的演进方向。

会计继续教育的系统协同研究

系统协同理论可为会计继续教育的过程创新提供有效的理论支撑。系统协同理论认为可以从会计理论与会计实践的系统协同演化关系、核心课程群与辅助课程群的系统协同互促关系、个体需求与行业需求的系统协同共进关系三个维度来审视会计继续教育系统。以“系统协同理论”为理论支撑,以“序参量”联动为逻辑基点,发现上述三种协同关系之间具有内在的逻辑关系,会计理论与会计实践是先决条件,核心课程群和辅助课程群是内容要件和过程模式,个体需求与行业需求分别对应于内生动力和外部动力,它们主要表现为内在需求参量与外在需求参量的联动与变化,进而成为会计个体和会计行业稳健性发展的必由路径。因而,以协同增效为逻辑旨归,试图厘清会计继续教育的本质诉求,增强个体与社会双效益的培训目标,优化现有课程体系,提升内生动力,深刻认识会计继续教育本质。

走向多层次的全球治理——兼评阿查亚的《美国世界秩序的终结》

阿查亚所著的《美国世界秩序的终结》一书,引发了笔者不少思考。他认为,美国的自由主义秩序不是一个世界秩序而是国际秩序;美国已经衰落,进而是美国自由主义秩序的终结,代之而起的不是多极化,也不是新兴大国塑造的秩序,而是一个"复合的世界"。客观地说,阿查亚这本书并不是一部具有严密逻辑性的理论著作,只是提出了一些观点,并没有进行学理性的论证。也正因为如此,给读者留下了不少思考的空间。虽然有的观点笔者并不赞同,但接受"复合的世界"这个概念,不赞同"复合的世界"是美国秩序的替代物,也不赞同有一个所谓的"美国的自由主义秩序"。一方面,根据雅尔塔体系建立起来的世界秩序迄今为止乃至未来相当长一段时期内都依然是规约世界秩序的基本架构;另一方面,美国在"复合的世界"中仍然是非常重要的力量。因此,"复合的世界"彰显的并非是一个替代"美国自由主义秩序"一种新的秩序,而是一个早就存在的一个多层次的全球治理的现实和未来趋势。

消费者异质性与贸易利益的个体分配:一个文献综述

理解全球化和国际贸易的分配效应,一直是国际经济学家孜孜探求的中心任务之一。长期以来,国际贸易文献主要是从收入渠道讨论贸易利益在不同群体之间的分配及其具体机制,而从消费渠道讨论贸易利益个体分配效应的研究则被忽视和略显不足。基于消费者异质性,系统梳理了国际贸易文献在非同位偏好假定下构建模型的理论成果;归纳了将产品质量以及除消费者收入异质之外的其他异质维度纳入分析的国际贸易文献;总结和评述了测算个体贸易福利的经验方法,并重点分析了一阶方法和二阶方法。最后,结合中国实践,凝练了未来研究方向及其政策内涵。

转轨经济中的金融自由化:次序与路径选择

发展中国家在推进金融市场化改革进程中,引发了大规模的通货失控,信用紧缩及资本外流问题。经验告诉我们,金融服务贸易市场开放的“次序”至关重要。根据我国初始经济条件、国际国内政治环境和经济形势、政府能力和政府的社会信任度,我国金融开放应做出适合自己的次序安排和路径选择。

“全球南方”与国际秩序转型

当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局,全球南方作为全球地缘政治力量的现实更加凸显。全球南方国家普遍不满于西方主导的自由主义国际秩序,要求改变不公正、不平等的国际政治经济秩序。西方推动的自由主义国际秩序有利于西方发达国家,且具有明显的排他性和不包容性,不能被全球南方国家接受,陷入严重危机。全球南方国家的兴起表明,其作为一种地缘政治力量对国际秩序的演变具有重要影响,也具有改变西方主导的国际秩序的强烈愿望。中国作为全球南方的当然成员,为全球治理贡献了中国智慧和中国方案,致力于与全球南方国家一起,共同推动建设一个公正、开放、包容的世界。