Hybrid response surface method for system reliability analysis of pilereinforced slopes

To consider the complex soil-structure interaction in a pile-slope system,it is necessary to analyze the performance of pile-slope systems based on a three-dimensional(3D)numerical model.Reliability analysis of a pile-slope system based on 3D numerical modeling is very challenging because it is computationally expensive and the performance function of the pile failure mode is only defined in the safe domain of soil stability.In this paper,an efficient hybrid response surface method is suggested to study the system reliability of pile-reinforced slopes,where the support vector machine and the Kriging model are used to approximate performance functions of soil failure and pile failure,respectively.The versatility of the suggested method is illustrated in detail with an example.For the example examined in this paper,it is found that the pile failure can significantly contribute to system failure,and the reinforcement ratio can effectively reduce the probability of pile failure.There exists a critical reinforcement ratio beyond which the system failure probability is not sensitive to the reinforcement ratio.The pile spacing affects both the probabilities of soil failure and pile failure of the pile-reinforced slope.There exists an optimal location and an optimal length for the stabilizing piles.

Continuous-Time Channel Prediction Based on Tensor Neural Ordinary Differential Equation

Channel prediction is critical to address the channel aging issue in mobile scenarios.Existing channel prediction techniques are mainly designed for discrete channel prediction,which can only predict the future channel in a fixed time slot per frame,while the other intra-frame channels are usually recovered by interpolation.However,these approaches suffer from a serious interpolation loss,especially for mobile millimeter-wave communications.To solve this challenging problem,we propose a tensor neural ordinary differential equation(TN-ODE)based continuous-time channel prediction scheme to realize the direct prediction of intra-frame channels.Specifically,inspired by the recently developed continuous mapping model named neural ODE in the field of machine learning,we first utilize the neural ODE model to predict future continuous-time channels.To improve the channel prediction accuracy and reduce computational complexity,we then propose the TN-ODE scheme to learn the structural characteristics of the high-dimensional channel by low-dimensional learnable transform.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is able to achieve higher intra-frame channel prediction accuracy than existing schemes.

The Boundary Element Method for Ordinary State-Based Peridynamics

The peridynamics(PD),as a promising nonlocal continuum mechanics theory,shines in solving discontinuous problems.Up to now,various numerical methods,such as the peridynamic mesh-free particlemethod(PD-MPM),peridynamic finite element method(PD-FEM),and peridynamic boundary element method(PD-BEM),have been proposed.PD-BEM,in particular,outperforms other methods by eliminating spurious boundary softening,efficiently handling infinite problems,and ensuring high computational accuracy.However,the existing PD-BEM is constructed exclusively for bond-based peridynamics(BBPD)with fixed Poisson’s ratio,limiting its applicability to crack propagation problems and scenarios involving infinite or semi-infinite problems.In this paper,we address these limitations by introducing the boundary element method(BEM)for ordinary state-based peridynamics(OSPD-BEM).Additionally,we present a crack propagationmodel embeddedwithin the framework ofOSPD-BEM to simulate crack propagations.To validate the effectiveness of OSPD-BEM,we conduct four numerical examples:deformation under uniaxial loading,crack initiation in a double-notched specimen,wedge-splitting test,and threepoint bending test.The results demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of OSPD-BEM,highlighting its capability to successfully eliminate spurious boundary softening phenomena under varying Poisson’s ratios.Moreover,OSPDBEMsignificantly reduces computational time and exhibits greater consistencywith experimental results compared to PD-MPM.

Preserving environmental quality of ecotourism sites through community participation in Purulia District of West Bengal,India

The importance of valuing environmental resources,especially in ecotourism sites,has become increasingly important over the last two decades.Ecotourism is now considered as an important source of livelihood of local stakeholders in backward regions.Therefore,the preservation of ecotourism sites through community participation seems very important to maintain continued flow of tourists.This study aimed at recognizing the importance of community participation for the preservation of ecotourism sites.For this,this study executed a survey based on non-probability sampling in two ecotourism sites(Garpanchkot and Baranti)covering 100 respondents in Purulia District,West Bengal of India.The central issue of this study was to assess the tendency of community participation for the conservation of ecotourism sites and find the optimum condition for offering participatory labour time.This study showed that the participation of young people is high,and the majority of respondents are aware of the importance in protecting ecotourism sites.Because respondents were too poor to offer money,the contingent valuation method(CVM)was used to elicit their willingness to pay(WTP)participatory labour time for the conservation of ecotourism sites.Respondents’age,income,education level,caste,and their perceived environmental quality had significant relationship with their WTP participatory labour time by applying the ordinary least square(OLS)model.It was found that the mean WTP participatory labour time of each respondent in a month is approximately 3.64 h.The significance of this study is that community participation can improve the sense of belonging,trust,and credibility of ecotourism sites,making them more appreciative of the value and protection of these sites.

Being the Pioneer for Environmental Protection and Big Health Industry--Interview with Taira Shoko,Chairperson of Risho Group,Chairperson and CEO of UPRISE

From an ordinary biology teacher in China to the chairperson of Risho Group and Chairperson and CEO of Uprise in Japan,Taira Shoko has always followed her original commitments and pursued her dreams bravely to become a woman undefined by society.She has been showing her wisdom and talents in the environmental protection and health industries to become a business star of the current era.

A Tale of Two Continents-An Autobiography

On 14th September 2023,we were gathered in a Beijing conference hall to exchange views with the leaders of the Chinese Association for International Understanding.We had been introduced about the Association by researcher Zhang Yaowu during our field trips.However,when we met Ai Ping,I had no idea that we were talking with the author of"A Tale of Two Continents:An Autobiography".In receiving his signed book,I realized that the speaker was the current Vice-President of the Chinese Association for International Understanding and a Deputy Minister and an Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of China to Ethiopia.

Solving the Three-Neutrino Problem as One of the Three-Body Problems in Physics

By using the standard PMNS (Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata) mixing matrix and applying the rule for the sum of the oscillation probabilities of three neutrinos, the equations of motion were derived in which the Dirac CP violating phase appeared as an unknown quantity. The equations of motion were separately derived for each of the three possible transitions for flavor-neutrino oscillations. Two roots of those equations were obtained in the form of two formulas for the Dirac CP violating phase with opposite signs. In the mathematical sense, the connection between those formulas was established in order to maintain the continuous process of oscillation of three neutrinos. This made it possible to calculate the numerical value for the Dirac CP violating phase, the Jarlskog invariant and to write the general form of the PMNS mixing matrix in the final form in which all its elements are defined with explicit numerical values.

New Numerical Integration Formulations for Ordinary Differential Equations

An entirely new framework is established for developing various single- and multi-step formulations for the numerical integration of ordinary differential equations. Besides polynomials, unconventional base-functions with trigonometric and exponential terms satisfying different conditions are employed to generate a number of formulations. Performances of the new schemes are tested against well-known numerical integrators for selected test cases with quite satisfactory results. Convergence and stability issues of the new formulations are not addressed as the treatment of these aspects requires a separate work. The general approach introduced herein opens a wide vista for producing virtually unlimited number of formulations.

Short and Simple

How stories from ordinary people hold extraordinary social value.During a two-week trip to my native Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in northwest China,I contemplated the following question:Born and raised in the region until the age of 18,how can I tell the stories that unfold here to people on the outside?The stories of ordinary locals are very simple,to the point that many people feel they hold no real“news value.”But for those who have lived through Xinjiang’s difficult times,the present is hard-won.

Listen to the Tales of Mohe Camel Farm's Caravans

Editor's Note:If you learn about the history of Mohe Camel Farm and get close to the ordinary people there,listening to their historical tales,you would firmly believe that the hustle and bustle has gradually become silent after 70 years.Whenever the bells hanging on the camels ring again,the greatest camel caravans in human history will never be forgotten.This is because the camel bells not only represent the past but also the direction of advancement.

CHANGING TIMES BEHIND THE LENS AND NOTEBOOKS

Editor's Note:Five years is not particularly long,but it is significant nonetheless.Some of my interviewees have passed away,yet their faces and smiles still come to mind when I reread those old articles.Others have left Xizang to start new phases of their lives,whether reluctantly or enthusiastically.Still others continue in the same jobs and at the same places,living ordinary lives on this extraordinary snowy plateau.Before I realized it,I had spent my fifth Spring Festival in Xizang.While perusing my old works,I came across a dozen notebooks as well as photos and videos stored on seven or eight hard drives.They document the changing times in Xizang since 2019.

Dark Matter Particles May Never Be Directly Detected by Instruments—A Dark Matter Mechanism That Does Not Exceed the Standard Model Framework

A dark matter mechanism within the framework of the standard model (SM) of particle physics is proposed in this article that the essence of dark matter may be the excited virtual particle field by the gravitational field of ordinary matter, which contains virtual photons, virtual positive and negative electron pairs, virtual gluons, virtual positive and negative quark pairs, virtual neutrinos etc. In this mechanism, there are two basic assumptions: 1) the stronger the gravitational field of ordinary matter, the greater the excited energy (mass) density of virtual particle field;2) The excited virtual particle field is generally very weak in self-interaction. The virtual particle field excited by gravity can exhibit the properties of dark matter and may become a dark matter candidate. Based on this new dark matter mechanism, the hydrodynamic equations and cosmic perturbation equations describing cosmic matter are improved, and this may be meaningful for solving the challenges faced by the standard cosmological model (Lambda-CDM or LCDM) and developing and perfecting LCDM model.

From the Plateau to the Capital:WILDLIFE PRESERVATION WITH AFFECTION

In Xizang,there is a dedicated group of people engaged in wildlife protection.Throughout the year,they traverse vast grasslands and work in forests rarely visited by ordinary people.They camp outdoors day after day,year after year,trekking through mountains and rivers.Despite the hardships of living outdoors,they have no regrets or complaints,devoting their time to protecting tens of thousands of living beings.They contribute significantly to the construction of ecological civilization and the improvement of the ecological environment across Xizang.These wildlife guardians are often called the"warriors of highland elves"From April 18th to 27th,a total of 43 wildlife guardians from Nagqu,Ngari,and Xigaze in the Xizang Autonomous Region were dispatched to Beijing for a ten-day study tour program.

Modeling Solid Waste Minimization Performance at Source in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

Municipal solid waste generation is strongly linked to rising human population and expanding urban areas, with significant implications on urban metabolism as well as space and place values redefinition. Effective management performance of municipal solid waste management underscores the interdisciplinarity strategies. Such knowledge and skills are paramount to uncover the sources of waste generation as well as means of waste storage, collection, recycling, transportation, handling/treatment, disposal, and monitoring. This study was conducted in Dar es Salaam city. Driven by the curiosity model of the solid waste minimization performance at source, study data was collected using focus group discussion techniques to ward-level local government officers, which was triangulated with literature and documentary review. The main themes of the FGD were situational factors (SFA) and local government by-laws (LGBY). In the FGD session, sub-themes of SFA tricked to understand how MSW minimization is related to the presence and effect of services such as land use planning, availability of landfills, solid waste transfer stations, material recovery facilities, incinerators, solid waste collection bins, solid waste trucks, solid waste management budget and solid waste collection agents. Similarly, FGD on LGBY was extended by sub-themes such as contents of the by-law, community awareness of the by-law, and by-law enforcement mechanisms. While data preparation applied an analytical hierarchy process, data analysis applied an ordinary least square (OLS) regression model for sub-criteria that explain SFA and LGBY;and OLS standard residues as variables into geographically weighted regression with a resolution of 241 × 241 meter in ArcMap v10.5. Results showed that situational factors and local government by-laws have a strong relationship with the rate of minimizing solid waste dumping in water bodies (local R square = 0.94).

水压力对填石路堤稳定性的影响

基于极限平衡理论和Ordinary方法,采用Geo-slope软件分析了不同临界水位时水压力对高填石路堤稳定性的影响。结果表明:填石路堤稳定性系数随着临界水位的降低而增大。对于干沟高填石路堤,当临界水位低于路肩52m时,水压力对路堤稳定性的影响可以忽略不计。在最低临界水位时的稳定系数为1.371,满足有关规范的要求。在最高临界水位时,稳定系数为0.921,比低水位时降低了32.8%,路堤的稳定性降低,且稳定系数不能满足有关规范的要求。因此,在进行填石路堤设计或施工时必须考虑水压力对其稳定性的影响,采取相应的工程措施保证路堤安全。

马铃薯S病毒内蒙分离株3'端序列的分析

为明确马铃薯S病毒内蒙古分离株(Potato Virus S-Inner Mongolia,PVS-IM)3'端序列结构的特点,通过在马铃薯S病毒亚基因组增强子保守区域设计引物,运用3'RACE技术获得了马铃薯S病毒内蒙古分离株3'端序列。比对显示PVS-IM分离株属于PVSO(Ordinary)株系,为有针对性的防治病害以及预测产量损失提供依据;分析还发现PVSO和PVSA(Andean)两株系在外壳蛋白氨基酸N端和亚基因组增强子区域也存在可以区分两株系的差异,为区分两株系提供参考,也为PVS基因组功能以及作用机制的研究奠定基础。

A Comparative Study of Different Methods on Quality Assessment of Soil Environment Polluted by Zinc in Agricultural Production Areas——A Case Study in Shulan City of Jilin Province

[Objective] The aim was to explore evaluated precision on quality of soil environment polluted with zinc in agricultural production areas and to provide references for verification of production area.[Method] In Shulan City in Jilin Province,soils were sampled and analyzed in a laboratory using single-factor pollution index and GIS based spatial interpolation.The quality of environment polluted with zinc was assessed and related methods were compared according to Environment Quality Standard of Green Food Production Area.[Result] Spatial interpolation of zinc in soils based on GIS proved more precise than traditional methods;cokriging method with co-factors was higher in precision than common cokriging;cokriging method with zinc and organic matter was higher in precision than cokriging with zinc alone.[Conclusion] Quality assessment on environment polluted with zinc based on GIS interpolation is more scientific and reasonable than traditional methods.

土工格栅增强填石路堤稳定性的作用机理及其应用

干沟填石路堤最大中心填筑高度为64.375m,最大边坡填筑高度达72.144m,在水压力存在条件下其整体稳定性不足,工程中采取了排水与土工格栅加固的处理措施提高稳定性。基于摩尔库仑强度准则,分析认为布置在填石材料中的土工格栅通过侧向约束提高填石材料的抗剪强度,从而使填石路堤的整体稳定性提高。基于极限平衡理论和Ordinary方法,考虑该处填石路堤在高水位条件下布置土工格栅和不布置土工格栅2种工况,应用Geo-slope软件计算了该高填石路堤稳定性安全系数。计算结果表明:填石路堤在高水位时布设了土工格栅后稳定安全系数为由0.921上升到1.344,比不布设土工格栅时提高45.92%,此时安全系数满足有关规范的要求。因此,土工格栅是增强高填石路堤稳定性的一项有效措施。

Character Contrast in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman

"I regard the theater as a serious business, one that makes or should make man more human, which is to say, less alone."A great playwright of social philosophy, Arthur Miller advocates that the common man, and none of rank, is the tragic hero of modern times. His plays have always revealed before the public eyes the tragedy of the average American life, the psychology of the ordinary people, and their conflicts with the morality of society.

ODE问题解析解及数值解的matlab实现

在实际生活中有时会通过建立数学模型,再对数学模型进行简化和求解,然后结合实际问题对结果进行分析和讨论。该文通过实例分析了如何通过MATLAB来求ODE问题解析解和数值解。