Diagenesis-Mineralization and Ore Prospecting of the Yangla Copper Deposit, Yunnan Province, Southwest China

The large-scale Yangla copper deposit, located in the central part of the Sanjiang Tethys polymetallic belt, is structurally controlled by the Jinsha River Fault and Yangla Fault. This deposit consists of seven ore blocks, including the Beiwu, Nilv, Jiangbian, Linong, Lunong, Tongjige and Jiaren. The Cu metal prospective reserves of the Yangla deposit are above 1 million tons. There are widely distributed Indosinian granodiorite and also many gabbro-diabase dikes and few quartz porphyries exposed in the Yangla ore district. The ore-hosting rocks are diopsode-garnet skarn, sericitie sandy slate and metamorphic quartz sandstone of the first member of the Devonian Linong Formation. Ore bodies occur as layered, stratoid, lenticular and veined shapes, and are strictly controlled by rocks, strata and structures.

Discovery of ferromanganese crust boundary and its genetic and ore prospecting significance

Evidences for the existence of ferromanganese crust boundary were found for the first time during the survey of the “DA YANG YI HAO” Vessel 2003. Some typical characteristics of the boundary are summarized and the significances of the finding of the boundary are included in the genesis discussion. Ore prospecting and assessment of the crust resources are described in this paper. The morphologic and extending characteristics of the crust boundary led to the recognition of two types of crust boundary： interpenetration crust boundary and closed crust boundary. According to the distribution and types of the crust, however, the boundaries are classified into three types： the boundary between ferromanganese crust and detrital sediment, the boundary between tabular crust and seamount nodules, and the boundary between tabular crust and rudaceous crust. This study revealed that the boundary between tabular crust and nodules was not formed under different regional environments but formed under different nucleation potential barriers between different initial growth （nucleation and germination） processes and between solid rocks and loose sediments. The rudaceous crusts are controlled spatially by fracture zones and the crusts＇ boundaries are controlled by the seamount structure and landform. The discovery of the crust boundaries reveals the crust＇s ‘negative growth’ phenomena （especially for some seamount nodules）. The boundary investigation can be helpful in identifying the existence of tabular crust covered by detrital sediments and in calculating the area covered by the crust. The resource calculation error and the resource quality as well as resource exploration degree can be assessed through the survey of crust boundary.

Geochemical Characteristics,Genesis of Concealed Cu-rich Ore Body in the Jinchuan Deposit,Northwestern China,and Its Prospecting

The Jinchuan deposit is hosted by the olivine-rich ultramafic rock body, which is the thirdlargest magmatic sulfide Ni-Cu deposit in the world currently being exploited. Seeking new relaying resources in the deep and the border of the deposit becomes more and more important. The ore body, ore and geochemistry characteristics of the concealed Cu-rich ore body are researched. Through spatial analysis and comparison with the neighboring II1 main ore body, the mineralization rule of the concealed Cu-rich ore body is summed up. It is also implied that Cu-rich magma may exist between Nirich magma and ore pulp during liquation differentiation in deep-stage chambers, which derives from deep-mantle Hi-MgO basalt magma. It is concluded that the type of ore body has features of both magmatic liquation and late reconstruction action. It has experienced three stages： deep liquation and pulsatory injection of the Cu- and PPGE-rich magma, concentration of tectonic activation, and the later magma hydrothermal superimposition. In addition, the Pb and S isotopes indicate the magma of I6 concealed Cu-rich ore body originates predominantly from mantle; however, it is interfused by minute crust material. Finally, it is inferred that the genesis of the Cu-Ni sulfide deposit is complex and diverse, and the prospect of seeking new deep ore bodies within similar deposits is promising, especially Cu-rich ore bodies.

Analysis on Prospecting Potential of Tungsten Polymetallic Ore in Haergeng of Gonghe County, Qinghai Province

The discovery of Gonghe County Haergeng tungsten polymetallic deposit is one of the most important tungsten deposits discovered in Qinghai Province in recent years.It has important theoretical and practicalsignificance.1 Regional geological background The research area lies in the northwest edge of

Geological Characteristics and Prospecting Criteria of Senji Molybdenum Ore Body in Urad Houqi, Inner Mongolia, China

Geological Characteristics and Prospecting Indicators of Senji Molybdenum Ore Body in Urad Houqi, Inner Mongolia Based on geological mapping, soil geochemical survey, surface trough exploration and deep drilling verification and control, the Senji Molybdenum deposit was discovered. Geological characteristics of the molybdenum ore body are described. The host lithology of molybdenum ore body is mainly in the cataclastic carbonated black plagioclase gneiss of the second rock member of the Paleoproterozoic Baoyintu Group, followed by Early Carboniferous monzogranite. The genetic type of the deposit is preliminarily deduced to be a hydrothermal filling vein-type molybdenum deposit. The significance of this paper is to summarize the prospecting marks of the molybdenum ore body in this area, so as to further guide the exploration work in this area, and at the same time provide a useful reference for the exploration work of similar deposits in other areas.

Geological Characteristics and Regional Prospecting Model of Wulanchongji Gold Orebody, Alxa Youqi, Inner Mongolia, China

Five gold deposits (mineralization) were found in the study area by means of geological mapping, soil geochemical survey and trough exploration engineering. The ore-bearing lithology is mainly metamorphic feldspar sandstone of the Upper Carboniferous Benbatu Formation, and the gold (mineralization) body is controlled by both structural factors and stratigraphic factors of the Upper Carboniferous Benbatu Formation. The genetic type is preliminary concluded to be volcanic hydrothermal type, and the metallogenic age is late Variscan. In this paper, by studying the geological characteristics and metallogenic geological conditions of the gold orebody in the area, a regional prospecting model has been established, which is of great significance to better guide the prospecting work of similar gold deposits in the area and the region.

Magnetic Method Surveying and Its Application for the Concealed Ore-Bodies Prospecting of Laba Porphyry Molybdenum Ore Field in Shangri-La, Northwestern Yunnan Province, China

Recently, a number of large molybdenum (-copper) deposits have been discovered successively in the Laba area, Shangri-La county, northwestern Yunnan province. The investigation confirmed that there is a superlarge porphyry-skarn hydrothermal vein type molybdenum-polymetallic- metallogenic system with the total prediction reservoir of more than 150 mt molybdenum. The porphyry intrusions contributed to the mineralization closely, the superficial little vein molybdenum (-copper, lead, silver) ore-bodies are usually located in faults and fractures, and the deep porphyry type ore-bodies occurred in the granodiorite porphyries, the skarn type ore-bodies occurred in the contact zone intrused into Triassic limestone or Permian basalts. Laba ore block is a new exploration area with great prospecting potential. In order to reduce the target area and guide the further exploration work, the magnetic method measurement about 3.3 square kilometres was carried out in the ore field. This paper presents an application of analyzing the horizontal and vertical derivative, using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) filter (FFT high-pass, low-pass, cosine roll-off, suscepbility), calculated spectra frequency energy to predict the depth and intensity of the apparent remanence magnetization of source (Hilbert). The calculated results and magnetic anomalous show that the remanence anomaly is caused by the intrusions into the Triassic limestone and Permian basalts with small anomalies, and the depth of located source is not great. We have identified a number of positions to the three drilled well, the drilled result specify interpretation with very high accuracy. The magnetic method is helpful to identify porphyry mineralization, and judge the shape and depth of the concealed ore-bearing intrusive bodies under the similar geological condition.

江苏新沂城岗石墨矿地质特征及找矿标志

城岗石墨矿位于华北板块东南缘,处在郯庐断裂带之间。城岗石墨矿赋存于新太古代—古元古代城岗岩群中部,呈层状、似层状产出,矿体规模较大。矿石自然类型为片麻岩型石墨矿,矿石质量良好。矿床成因为区域变质型石墨矿,系含有机质的钙质碎屑岩及碳酸盐岩经后期区域变质作用形成。城岗石墨矿找矿标志较明显,与石墨矿化密切相关的岩性主要为含石墨透辉(或透闪)斜长片麻岩、透辉斜长片麻岩、大理岩等。

Application of NSR-AISC Method in Reserve Estimation and Technical Economic Evaluation of Low-Grade Polymetallic Deposits: Taking a Low-Grade Copper-Molybdenum Mine in Guangdong Province as an Example

The development and utilization of low-grade polymetallic deposits with strategic mineral resources is one of the important measures to alleviate the current high dependence on strategic mineral resources in China. However, domestic mining enterprises and most mining consulting and design institutes usually use general industrial indicators to carry out reserve estimation and technical and economic feasibility studies on low-grade polymetallic deposits, which cannot truly reflect the economic value of such deposits. The article expounds on the definitions of net return value (NSR) and on-site total maintenance cost (AISC) of common ore smelters in the evaluation of overseas mineral resources. Taking a low-grade polymetallic copper-molybdenum mine in Guangdong Province as an example, comparing the research results showed the NSR-AISC method and the general industrial index method in low-grade polymetallic deposit. There are huge differences in the results of reserve estimation;through the further introduction of Taylor’s formula and the research results on the relationship between investment intensity and production scale, a more reasonable mine life and investment scale are recommended, and a more in-depth comparative study has been carried out in the dimension of technical and economic indicators. Based on the comparative study of the above two methods in reserve estimation and the evaluation results of technical and economic indicators, the author believes that the NSR-AISC method can better reflect the true value of low-grade polymetallic ore projects, and should be popularized and applied in resource evaluation and development practice. This article further describes the application status of the NSR-AISC method for reserve estimation and the evaluation of technical economic indicators, and suggests the main points that should be paid attention to in the use of the NSR-AISC method.

辽-吉古元古代造山带杉松岗钴镍铜矿床Ni-Co超常富集成矿过程初探

镍和钴是我国紧缺关键金属矿产,对国民经济和社会发展具有重要战略意义。我国现有镍、钴资源储量匮乏,对外依存度极高。因此,立足国内,加强镍-钴成矿规律研究与找矿战略行动迫在眉睫。吉林省临江市杉松岗变沉积岩容矿型钴镍铜矿床位于辽-吉古元古代造山带东北段。有关该矿床Ni-Co的赋存状态、富集成矿期次与成矿规律等研究十分薄弱。本文通过对杉松岗钴镍铜矿床Ni-Co矿石和赋矿围岩开展显微结构观察、扫描电镜-能谱分析、矿物原位硫同位素分析和电子探针测试等系统研究,发现该矿床Ni-Co的富集成矿经历了多期多阶段复杂的变质变形和热液作用的叠加改造过程。其中,变质变形阶段以辉砷钴矿和黄铜矿等呈微细粒包体赋存于变质矿物中为特点;而热液阶段又可分为早期和晚期。早期热液作用以大量镍钴矿物(辉砷钴矿、硫镍矿和镍黄铁矿)伴生滑石化、白云石化和硅化蚀变为标志,为Ni-Co超常富集成矿的主成矿期,其硫化物的硫同位素分布范围集中(10.92‰~13.67‰),且与珍珠门组白云石大理岩内硫化物的δ^(34) S值接近,推断Ni、Co主要来自深部岩浆热液,即含矿流体向上迁移过程中强烈淋滤并萃取珍珠门组地层内的硫,最终在大栗子组地层发生硫化物沉淀并富集成矿。晚期热液作用主要沉淀铜铁硫化物(黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿和黄铁矿)和极少量钴镍黄铁矿、硫镍钴矿和镍黄铁矿,伴生方解石化、硅化和绿泥石化蚀变,硫化物的δ^(34) S值(6.53‰~8.59‰)与侏罗纪花岗岩体及同期的金等多金属硫化物矿床的硫同位素组成一致,表明晚期岩浆热液可能与古太平洋俯冲事件有关。杉松岗钴镍铜矿床Ni主要以硫镍矿和镍黄铁矿的形式赋存,次为钴镍黄铁矿和硫镍钴矿。Co主要以辉砷钴矿形式赋存,次为硫镍矿、镍黄铁矿、钴镍黄铁矿和硫镍钴矿。有关该矿未来Ni-Co找矿勘查设想,建议以滑石化和白云石化为主要找矿标志。结合前人研究成果,本文提出杉松岗钴镍铜矿床为沉积-变质变形-多期热液叠加改造的复合造山型钴镍铜矿床,原始的沉积和成岩作用为钴矿的初始预富集提供了重要的成矿条件与背景,古元古代碰撞造山与区域变质变形事件对Co的初始活化-迁移起着关键的控制作用,富Ni-Co的深部岩浆热液作用主导了Ni-Co的超常富集与成矿;而燕山期中酸性岩浆热液作用对Ni-Co富集矿段起到了肢解作用,故不利于Ni-Co的富集成矿。

基于大数据关联规则算法的卡林型金矿床元素富集规律及找矿方法研究

大数据时代的到来,为卡林型金矿床开拓了新的找矿思路。本研究应用关联规则算法,挖掘滇黔桂“金三角”卡林型金矿床内微量元素与金矿化海量数据之间的关联性,提取元素异常组合,分析控制因素,定量构建找矿标志。结果显示矿床内元素异常组合分为4组:(1)强正关联显著富集元素(As、Sb、Hg、Tl、Ag、W和Rb),显示硫化和黏土化作用;(2)较强正关联略富集元素I(Zr、Th、Ta、Nb和Hf)和强负关联强迁出元素(Li和Sr),显示去碳酸盐化作用;(3)较强正关联略富集元素II(Sn、Zn、Ni、V、Co和Cu),显示硫化作用;(4)弱关联基本无富集元素(Cd、Pb、Ba、Bi、U和Mo),与成矿无显著关联。从大数据角度获取的元素异常组合,与学界关于Au主要在去碳酸盐化、硫化和黏土化条件下形成的认识一致。通过关联规则算法分别对与硫化和去碳酸盐化相关的元素建立定量找矿标志。硫化找矿标志:样品中As、Hg、Sb、Tl、W、Ag和Rb等元素内中高含量项数≥1、≥2、≥3、≥4和≥5时,对应的Au矿化分别为≥4.5×10^(-9)、≥47.0×10^(-9)、≥150×10^(-9)、≥500×10^(-9)和≥1000×10^(-9);样品内高含量项数≥1、≥2和≥3时,对应的Au矿化分别为≥150×10^(-9)、≥500×10^(-9)和≥1000×10^(-9);找矿过程中两组指标配合使用,确保不漏矿,高效圈矿。去碳酸盐化找矿标志:样品中Zr、Th、Ta、Nb和Hf含量任意两项出现正异常,认为样品经历过去碳酸盐化作用。定量识别的硫化和去碳酸盐化找矿标志可望在卡林型金矿找矿预测中发挥重要作用。本研究基于关联规则算法分析矿床元素富集规律、控制因素和定量构建找矿标志的方法,也可为其他类型矿床开展类似研究提供新思路。

河南栾川胜金沟铅锌矿床地质特征及找矿方向研究

栾川县胜金沟铅锌矿是豫西南重要的多金属矿集区内的一个典型矿床,对其矿床地质特征及找矿方向研究有助于了解栾川县矿集区铅锌矿成矿地质条件及规律。通过对胜金沟铅锌矿床开展成矿地质规律、找矿标志和找矿方向的研究,结果表明:胜金沟铅锌矿与燕山期中酸性小岩体关系密切,区内NE—SW和NWW—SEE向构造的交汇部位对矿体有明显的控制作用,是重要的找矿部位;矿区深部可能存在隐伏的含矿岩体,为矿体的形成提供物质来源。研究结果为矿集区开展进一步勘查工作提供了重要的借鉴意义。

饮食相关炎症指数与消化系统恶性肿瘤发病关系的流行病学研究进展

饮食的炎症效应与恶性肿瘤的发生发展密切相关,因此饮食相关炎症指数作为探究饮食、炎症和肿瘤关系的方法学工具应运而生。本文复习了肿瘤流行病学相关研究文献,针对饮食相关炎症指数与消化系统常见肿瘤的流行病学研究进展进行归纳和总结。现有流行病学证据提示:促炎饮食与消化系统恶性肿瘤发病风险增加有关,其中与结直肠癌关联最强,其次是食管癌和胃癌,然后是胰腺癌,与肝癌的研究证据最少;食管癌的研究证据级别较低,胃癌的研究存在性别差异和混杂因素调整的问题,胰腺癌的研究结果存在异质性;针对目前研究进展和不足,未来可考虑开展前瞻性研究或人群队列研究,以及加强对肝癌等常见肿瘤的相关营养流行病学研究。本文可为消化系统肿瘤预防和控制中促进相关健康饮食行为的宣教工作提供参考。

河南嵩县九仗沟金矿床地球化学特征与勘查模式

九仗沟金矿位于熊耳山—外方山矿集区内的蛮峪—店房金矿带北段,是典型的大型构造蚀变岩型金矿床。采用1/5万水系沉积物测量圈定了找矿靶区,1/1万土壤地球化学测量确定了矿化富集部位,岩石地球化学(原生晕)测量识别出构造破碎带和矿化强度,并预测矿体相对剥蚀程度。研究表明:不同尺度地球化学测量为该金矿勘查提供了不同阶段的找矿信息,找矿效果显著。其中,利用水系沉积物测量在九仗沟矿区范围内圈定了11-丙-Au异常,利用土壤地球化学测量发现了九仗沟1-甲_(1)-Au-Ag-Pb-Cu-Hg-As-Bi-Ni异常,利用原生晕剖面微量元素峰值部位确定了F_(1)构造矿化蚀变带。通过总结该矿床地球化学异常特征和找矿标志,建立了勘查地球化学模式,为区域及矿区周边相同类型的金矿勘查提供理论指导。

全民所有自然资源资产管理考核评价体系研究

全民所有自然资源资产管理考核评价是中国自然资源资产产权制度改革的重要内容。当前全民所有自然资源资产管理考核评价仍处于试点阶段,考核评价方法框架、指标体系均有待深入研究。因此在综述自然资源领域相关考核评估方法基础上,构建了由考核目标体系、考核指标体系、考核方法体系和实施监督体系四部分组成的全民所有自然资源资产管理考核评估框架,界定了评估指标体系构建原则,提出了考核全面、兼顾差异、主副结合的全民所有自然资源资产管理考核评价指标体系框架,展望了考核评估框架的应用前景,为推进生态文明建设和自然资源产权制度改革提供了支撑。

内蒙古敖汉旗毛头山金矿床地质特征、成矿规律与找矿标志

毛头山金矿床位于内蒙古自治区赤峰市东部,大地构造位置处于华北克拉通北缘,区域上广泛发育金矿床。通过系统阐述毛头山金矿床地质特征,认为矿体赋存在下二叠统酒局子组中,含矿岩石为变质砂岩、红柱石板岩及碳质板岩,金赋存在热液叠加石英细脉、网脉中,与地层产状一致,为沉积-动力变质金矿床。总结了毛头山金矿床的成矿规律及控矿因素,并提出找矿标志,为华北克拉通北缘同类金矿床的找矿勘查工作提供理论参考。

河南卢氏苇园沟金矿区地球化学特征与找矿前景分析

河南卢氏苇园沟金矿区位于华北陆块南缘北秦岭多金属成矿带,出露地层主要为宽坪岩群,瓦穴子断层及其次级断裂横贯矿区,是该区主要控矿构造,区内变质变形作用强烈.在矿区地质特征、矿区地球化学特征研究的基础上,通过元素相关性分析、地球化学元素分布与构造展布研究,发现异常和金矿(化)体与构造在空间上对应关系较好,异常范围有一定位移;宽坪岩群有利于成矿,对岩性具一定选择性.根据元素组合特征判断矿床总体剥蚀较浅.综合认为研究区Au元素单一富集,主成矿元素Au与其他元素相关性较低;Au元素异常主要围绕断裂带分布,金矿(化)体展布严格受构造控制,研究区具较大可能形成单一元素金矿床.

湖南醴陵王家湾金矿床地质特征及成矿规律

王家湾金矿床位于扬子陆块江南造山带东南缘醴浏隆起带南源冲复式褶皱北段,成矿区带划分属于钦杭成矿带湖南段的湘东北亚段,处于浏阳—板杉铺金铜铅锌找矿远景区南段。矿体主要赋存于冷家溪群地层中,劈理化带是矿区内的导矿容矿构造,且已发现矿体大多受北西向劈理化带控制。矿石自然类型主要为原生矿石,工业类型为破碎蚀变岩型夹石英脉型。该矿床热液成矿作用可分为4个阶段,以石英-黄铁矿-毒砂-金阶段、石英-碳酸盐-多金属硫化物-银金矿阶段为主成矿阶段。硅化、黄铁矿化和毒砂矿化与金矿化关系密切。王家湾金矿床是以变质热液为主的中低温热液脉状金矿床。

安徽省铜陵市迪龙冲金矿床成矿地质特征及找矿标志

铜陵矿集区是长江中下游成矿带的重要成矿区,迪龙冲金矿床位于该矿集区中部,大地构造位置属扬子板块北缘。近年来,在区域内发现了叶山铁矿床、曹家冲铜矿床、舒家店铜矿床及杨冲里金矿床等典型矿床。通过本次野外勘查工作,结合前人已有成果资料,系统总结了迪龙冲金矿床地质特征、成矿要素及找矿标志,为进一步找矿勘探工作提供依据。研究结果表明,迪龙冲金矿床成矿类型主要为裂隙充填型和蚀变岩型2种。矿体(脉)成因是后期热液灌入、充填或交代作用成矿。矿体(脉)严格受构造控制,北东向主构造和北西向次级构造均为容矿构造。坟头组地层、石英闪长斑岩和断裂接触带交会部位及附近是寻找金矿的关键位置。硅化-镜铁矿化-黄铁矿化(褐铁矿化)、镜铁矿化-金矿化、硅化-黄铁矿化和黄铁绢英岩化等4类矿化蚀变组合是矿区及周边地区较为重要的找矿标志。