Preparation and Optical Patterning of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Color-Filter Films Using Latent Pigments by Utilizing Photo-Acid-Generator and Microwave Irradiation

Preparation and photo-patterning characteristics of organic-inorganic hybrid thin film containing latent pigment by using photo-acid-generator (PAG) and microwave irradiation have been investigated. The acrylic thin film modified with methoxysilane containing PAG was formed on a glass substrate and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to promote sol-gel reaction by catalytic action of acid which was generated from PAG. And then the film was hardened with microwave irradiation, yielding organic-inorganic hybrid polymer film having hardness, highly transparency and strong adhesion with a glass substrate. Since this reaction only occurred in the optically (UV) irradiated regions, by exploiting the difference between the adhesivenesses of these regions photo-irradiated through photomask with a glass substrate, it was possible to form a patterned film with pitch of 100 to 50 μm by a simple lift-off method. A pigment-containing film using latent pigments (with subtractive three primary colors of coloring materials) and a patterned film were prepared, and it was possible to make these films multi-colored by varying the mixing ratio of the pigments. This multi-colored film-preparation method is effective for simply and efficiently forming a color-filter film by applying optical and microwave irradiation.

Soil Organic Carbon Content and Distribution in a Small Landscape of Dongguan, South China

Global warming has become an increasing concern, and using soil as a carbon sink to sequester carbon dioxide has attracted much attention in recent years. In this study, soil organic carbon (SOC) content and organic carbon density were estimated based on a soil survey of a small landscape in Dongguan, South China, with spatial heterogeneity of SOC distribution and the impacts of land-use patterns on soil organic carbon content assessed. Field sampling was carried out based on a 150 m×150 m grid system overlaid on the topographic map of the study area and samples were collected in three 20-cm layers to a depth of 60 cm. Spatial variability in the distribution of SOC was assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results showed that SOC in the topsoil layer (0-20 cm) was not much higher or even lower in some sites than the underlying layers, and except for the two sites covered with natural woodland, it did not exhibit a pronounced vertical gradient. The difference in both horizontal and vertical distribution of SOC was not statistically significant. However, in the topsoil layer among land-use/land-cover patterns, significant differences (P≤0.05) in SOC distribution existed, indicating that management practices had great impact on SOC content. SOC storage in the study area to a depth of 20, 40, and 60 cm was estimated as 2.13×106 kg, 3.46×106 kg, and 4.61×106 kg, respectively.

Changes in Transformation of Soil Organic C and Functional Diversity of Soil Microbial Community Under Different Land Uses

Changes in soil biological and biochemical properties under different land uses in the subtropical region of China were investigated in order to develop rational cultivation and fertilization management. A small watershed of subtropical region of China was selected for this study. Land uses covered paddy fields, vegetable farming, fruit trees, upland crops, bamboo stands, and forestry. Soil biological and biochemical properties included soil organic C and nutrient contents, mineralization of soil organic C, and soil microbial biomass and community functional diversity. Soil organic C and total N contents, microbial biomass C and N, and respiration intensity under different land uses were changed in the following order： paddy fields （and vegetable farming） 〉 bamboo stands 〉 fruit trccs （and upland）. The top surface （0-15 cm） paddy fields （and vegetable farming） were 76.4 and 80.8% higher in soil organic C and total N contents than fruit trees （and upland） soils, respectively. Subsurface paddy soils （15-30 cm） were 59.8 and 67.3% higher in organic C and total N than upland soils, respectively. Soil microbial C, N and respiration intensity in paddy soils （0-15 cm） were 6.36, 3.63 and 3.20 times those in fruit tree （and upland） soils respectively. Soil microbial metabolic quotient was in the order： fruit trees （and upland） 〉 forestry 〉 paddy fields. Metabolic quotient in paddy soils was only 47.7% of that in fruit tree （and upland） soils. Rates of soil organic C mineralization during incubation changed in the order： paddy fields 〉 bamboo stands 〉 fruit trees （and upland） and soil bacteria population： paddy fields 〉 fruit trees （and upland） 〉 forestry. No significant difference was found for fungi and actinomycetes populations. BIOLOG analysis indicated a changing order of paddy fields 〉 fruit trees （and upland） 〉 forestry in values of the average well cell development （AWCD） and functional diversity indexes of microbial community. Results also showed that the conversion from paddy fields to vegetable farming for 5 years resulted in a dramatic increase in soil available phosphorus content while insignificant changes in soil organic C and total N content due to a large inputs of phosphate fertilizers. This conversion caused 53, 41.5, and 41.3% decreases in soil microbial biomass C, N, and respiration intensity, respectively, while 23.6% increase in metabolic quotient and a decrease in soil organic C mineralization rate. Moreover, soil bacteria and actinomycetes populations were increased slightly, while fungi population increased dramatically. Functional diversity indexes of soil microbial community decreased significantly. It was concluded that land uses in the subtropical region of China strongly affected soil biological and biochemical properties. Soil organic C and nutrient contents, mineralization of organic C and functional diversity of microbial community in paddy fields were higher than those in upland and forestry. Overuse of chemical fertilizers in paddy fields with high fertility might degrade soil biological properties and biochemical function, resulting in deterioration of soil biological quality.

Regional Differences and Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon Density Between Dry Land and Paddy Field in China

Study on the regional characteristics of soil organic carbon （SOC） density in farmland will not only contribute greatly to the technique of soil productivity enhancement, but also give evidences of technique selection and policy making for carbon sequestration in soils. Based on the second national soil survey of China, the situation of SOC density in the plow layer of farmland was analyzed under different land use patterns. Results showed that SOC density in the plow layer was about 3.15 kg m^-2 in average ranging from 0.81 to 12.68 kg m^-2. The highest density was found in the southeastern region with an average of 3.63 kg ma, while the lowest occurring in the northwestern region with an average of 3.00 kg m^-2. The variation coefficient of SOC density in the plow layer of farmland was 57%, which was 35% lower than that of non-farmland soils. Compared to SOC density in the dry land, SOC density in paddy soils was 13% higher with a lower variation coefficient between different regions. In addition, the relationships between the climatic factors （annual average temperature and precipitation） and SOC density were lower in farmland than those in non-farmland soils, as well as lower in paddy soils than those in dry land of farmland. These results suggest that anthropogenic disturbances have great impacts on SOC density in farmland soils, especially in paddy soils, indicating that Chinese rice cropping may contribute greatly to the SOC stability and sequestration in paddy field.

Labile Organic Matter Content and Distribution as Affected by Six-year Soil Amendments to Eroded Chinese Mollisols

Labile organic carbon （LOC） is a fraction of soil organic carbon （SOC） with rapid turnover time and is affected by soil fertilization. This investigation characterized the SOC content, LOC content and LOC distribution in the treatment plots of surface soil erosion at five levels （0-, 5-, 10-, 20- and 30-cm erosion）. The soil had received contrasting fertilizer treatments （i.e., chemical fertilizer or chemical fertilizer ＋ manure） for 6 years. This study demonstrated that both SOC and various LOC fractions contents were higher in the plots with fertilizer ＋ manure than in those with fertilizer alone under the same erosion conditions. The SOC and LOC contents de- creased as the erosion depth increased. Light fraction organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, easily oxidizable organic carbon （KMnO4-oxydizable organic carbon）, and microbial biomass carbon were 27% 57%, 37%-7%, 20%-25%, and 29%-33% higher respectively in the fertilizer ＋ manure plots, than in the fertilizer alone plots. Positive correlations （p 〈 0.05） between SOC content and different fractions contents were observed in all plots except the correlation between total SOC content and water-soluble organic carbon content in the different fertilization treatments. Obviously, fertilizer ＋ manure treatments would be conducive to the accumulation of LOC and SOC in the Black soil of Northeast China.

Quantitative studies of the regular distribution pattern for Salmonella enteritidis in the internal organs of mice after oral challenge by a specific real-time polymerase chain reaction

AIM： To identify and understand the regular distribution pattern for Salmonella enteritidis （S. enteritidis） in the internal organs of mice after an oral challenge over a 3 wk period. METHODS： Assays based on the serovar-specific DNA sequence of S. enteritidis from GenBank, and a serovar-specific real-time, fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction （FQ-PCR） were developed for the detection of S. enteritidis. We used this assay to detect genomic DNA of S. enteritidis in the blood and the internal organs, including heart, liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas, and gallbladder, from mice after oral challenge at different time points respectively.RESULTS： The results showed that the spleen was positive at 12 h post inoculation （PI）, and the blood was at 14 h PI. The organism was detected in the liver and heart at 16 h PI, the pancreas was positive at 20 h PI, and the final organs to show positive results were the kidney and gallbladder at 22 h PI. The copy number of S. enteritidis DNA in each tissue reached a peak at 24-36 h PI, with the liver and spleen containing high concentrations of S. enteritidis, whereas the blood, heart, kidney, pancreas, and gallbladder had low concentrations. S. enteritidis populations began to decrease and were not detectable at 3 d PI, but were still present up to 12 d PI in the gallbladder, 2 wk for the liver, and 3 wk for the spleen without causing apparent symptoms.CONCLUSION： The results provided significant data for understanding the life cycle of S. enteritidis in the internal organs, and showed that the liver and spleen may be the primary sites for setting itself up as a commensa over a long time after oral challenge. Interestingly, it may be the first time reported that the gallbladder is a site of carriage for S. enteritidis over a 12 d period. This study will help to understand the mechanisms of action of S. enteriCdis infection in vivo.

Bioclimatic Regularities of Change in the Density of Organic Carbon of the Steppe Soil in Different Regions of the World

The bioclimatic regularities between the average annual precipitation,average annual temperatures and the density of organic carbon in the soil layer of 0-30 cm of the steppes in the regions of the world are given.They are distinguished by a high certainty of quantization by asymmetric wave equations.It turned out that,due to the vibrational adaptation of organic carbon,precipitation and temperature are dependent on each other.For example,the model of the influence of precipitation on temperature includes the first term in the form of Laplace’s law(in mathematics),Mandelbrot’law(in physics),Zipf-Perl(in biology),and Pareto(in econometrics).The second term is the biotechnical law of the author of the article,which gives the maximum change in the indicator.Both components form a trend that makes it possible to divide the precipitation interval into three stages:(1)with an increase in precipitation from 0 to 60 mm,the temperature decreases according to Mandelbrot’s law from 23.25 to 0.50С;(2)from 60 to 2100 mm,the temperature rises to 24℃;(3)with a further increase in precipitation over 2100 mm,a slow decrease in temperature occurs.The third term is an asymmetric wavelet with a constant half-period of 367.8 mm.A positive sign shows that in the steppes there is a positive oscillatory adaptation of temperature to changes in precipitation.In the interval of precipitation 0-350 mm,an oscillatory decrease in temperature occurs.It turns out that the first oscillation at 0 mm precipitation begins with a very high temperature gradient of thermal energy.The first interval includes Mongolia and Inner Mongolia.In the second interval of 350-750 mm,an oscillatory increase in temperature occurs.Then,in the third interval 750-1050 mm,the temperature drops again.The second oscillation with a correlation coefficient of 0.9685 has clear precipitation boundaries in the range of 200-2000 mm.Due to the negative sign,the fluctuation is a crisis,inhibiting the rise in temperature.And the third fluctuation has a positive effect on the temperature.The mechanism of oscillatory adaptation in the steppe soil is so perfect that it changes for itself the conditions of the place where the grass grows.An amplitude-frequency analysis of each oscillation will make it possible to determine the specific particular effects of precipitation and temperature on each other and on the density of organic carbon.It was found that two-factor modeling of the change in the soil organic carbon density makes it possible to achieve an identification error even less than the absolute measurement error.

Patterns of upper layer circulation variability in the South China Sea from satellite altimetry using the self-organizing map

Patterns of the South China Sea (SCS) circulation variability are extracted from merged satellite altimetry data from October 1992 through August 2004 by using the self-organizing map (SOM). The annual cycle, seasonal and inter-annual variations of the SCS surface circulation are identified through the evolution of the characteristic circulation patterns.The annual cycle of the SCS general circulation patterns is described as a change between two opposite basin-scale SW-NE oriented gyres embedded with eddies: low sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) (cyclonic) in winter and high SSHA (anticyclonic) in summer half year. The transition starts from July—August (January—February) with a high (low) SSHA tongue east of Vietnam around 12°~14° N, which develops into a big anticyclonic (cyclonic) gyre while moving eastward to the deep basin. During the transitions, a dipole structure, cyclonic (anticyclonic) in the north and anticyclonic (cyclonic) in the south, may be formed southeast off Vietnam with a strong zonal jet around 10°~12° N. The seasonal variation is modulated by the interannual variations. Besides the strong 1997/1998 event in response to the peak Pacific El Nio in 1997, the overall SCS sea level is found to have a significant rise during 1999~2001, however, in summer 2004 the overall SCS sea level is lower and the basin-wide anticyclonic gyre becomes weaker than the other years.

Atomic force microscopy investigation of growth process of organic TCNQ aggregates on SiO_2 and mica substrates

Deposition patterns of tetracyanoquinodimethane （TCNQ） molecules on different surfaces are investigated by atomic force microscopy. A homemade physical vapour deposition system allows the better control of molecule deposition. Taking advantage of this system, we investigate TCNQ thin film growth on both SiO2 and mica surfaces. It is found that dense island patterns form at a high deposition rate, and a unique seahorse-like pattern forms at a low deposition rate. Growth patterns on different substrates suggest that the fractal pattern formation is dominated by molecule-molecule interaction. Finally, a phenomenal ＂two-branch＂ model is proposed to simulate the growth process of the seahorse pattern.

Organization of pattern information in the pattern based software development:A POMSDP model

Foeused on the lack of proper organization for patterns in the development of pattern based software, a POMSDP model with layered tree structure for organizing patterns during the process of development was put torward. The model and its interrelated eoneepts were strictly defined and introduced by applying the theory of set, symbolie logic and pattern, which ensures the correctness, maturity and expansibility of the model. The expansibility of the model was discussed mainly. The basic realization and the application in the automatic query system were presented. Based on the existing software development methods, the POMSDP model resolves the problem of chaos in the application of patterns, strengthens the controllability of the system, and facilitates the improvement, maintenance, expansion, and especially the reengineering of the software system.

Meta-model Based Model Organization and Transformation of Design Pattern Units in MDA

To achieve the purpose of applying design patterns which are various in ldnd and constant in changing in MDA from idea and application, one way is used to solve the problem of pattern disappearance which occurs at the process of pattern instantiation, to guarantee the independence of patterns, and at the same time, to apply this process to multiple design pattems. To solve these two problons, the modeling method of design pattern traits based on meta-models is adopted, i.e., to divide the basic operations into atoms in the metamodel tier and then combine the atoms to complete design pattem units meta-models withtout business logic. After one process of conversion, the purpose of making up various pattem traits meta-model and dividing business logic and pattern logic is achieved.

Self-organized pattern on the surface of a metal anode in low-pressure DC discharge

Self-organization phenomena on the surface of a metal electrode in low-pressure DC discharge is studied. In this paper, we carry out laboratory investigations of self-organization in a lowpressure test platform for 100–200 mm rod-plane gaps with a needle tip, conical tip and hemispherical tip within 1–10 k Pa. The factors influencing the pattern profile are the pressure value, gap length and shape of the electrode, and a variety of pattern structures are observed by changing these factors. With increasing pressure, first the pattern diameter increases and then decreases. With the needle tip, layer structure, single-ring structure and double-ring structure are displayed successively with increasing pressure. With the conical tip, the ring-like structure gradually forms separate spots with increasing pressure. With the hemispherical tip, there are anode spots inside the ring structure. With the increase of gap length, the diameter of the selforganized pattern increases and the profile of the pattern changes. The development process of the pattern contains three key stages： pattern enlargement, pattern stabilization and pattern shrink.

Impacts of Rice Field Winter Planting on Soil Organic Carbon and Carbon Management Index

To tackle with the problem of prevailing farmland abandonment in winter,5 treatments includes Chinese milk vetch-double cropping rice(CRR),rape-double cropping rice(RRR),garlic-double cropping rice(GRR),winter crop multiple cropping rotation(ROT),winter fallow control(WRR)were set up.By measuring soil total organic carbon,active organic carbon and its components and calculating the soil carbon pool management index in 0~15 cm and 15~30 cm soil layers in the early and late rice ripening stage.The effects of different winter planting patterns on the changes of soil organic carbon and carbon pool management index were discussed.In order to provide theoretical basis for the optimization and adjustment of winter planting pattern of double cropping rice field in the middle reaches of Yangtze River.The results showed that soil total organic carbon,active organic carbon and its components in different winter cropping patterns were increased,and ROT and CRR treatments were more beneficial to the accumulation of soil total organic carbon,active organic carbon and its components as well as the improvement of soil carbon pool management index,which should be preferred in the adjustment of cropping patterns.

Integrative Self-Organizing Map—A Mean Pattern Model

We propose an integrative self-organizing map (iSOM) for exploring differential expression patterns across multiple microarray experiments. The algorithm is based on the assumption that observed differential expressions are random samples of a mean pattern model which is unknowna priori. The learning mechanism of iSOM is similar to the conventional SOM. The mean pattern model which underlies the proposed iSOM models mean differential expressions using a one-dimension of mean differential expressions for the mean differential expressions. The feature map of an iSOM model can be used to reveal correlation between multiple medically/biologically related disease types or multiple platform experiments for one disease. We illustrate applications of iSOM using simulated data and real data.

Effect of Different Fertilization Patterns on Carbon and Nitrogen Components of Tobacco Topsoil

In order to explore the fertilizing ways and dynamic changes of soil carbon and nitrogen in the main producing areas of tobacco in Guizhou,research was conducted to study the variations of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen,total organic carbon and nitrogen and their ratio of tobacco-topsoil in organic fertilization pattern and conventional cultivation pattern （No fertilizer as control） by pot experiment.The results were as follows：（1） The effects of different fertilization patterns on soil dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen and total organic carbon and nitrogen were significantly different.The content of DOC,DON,TOC and TON in tobaccotopsoil was decreased with the advancing of growth period in conventional fertilization pattern.In the conventional fertilization pattern,the accumulation of DOC and TOC was increased first and then decreased,and the accumulation of DON and TON was decreased first and then increased.（2） The TOC content at the different growing stage and DOC content at the middle and later stage of tobacco were significantly improved in organic fertilization patterns.The accumulation of DON and TON in the conventional fertilization pattern was significantly higher than those in the organic fertilizer pattern and control at the rosette stage and vigorous stage.In the harvest period,the content of DOC,DON,TOC and TON of tobacco-topsoil in the conventional fertilization and organic fertilization pattern was significantly higher than those in the control.（3）The DOC/DON ratio and the TOC/TiON ratio was increased gradually with the advancing of growth period in conventional fertilization pattern,but they were increased first and then decreased in the organic fertilization pattern and CK.The DOC/DON and TOC/TON ratio of tobacco-topsoil in different fertilization patterns was showed as Y J＞ CK＞ CG at the different growing stage.The experiment results revealed that：The organic fertilization pattern may improve significantly the accumulation of DOC,DON,TOC and TON of tobacco-topsoil at the middle and later stage and the DOC/DON and TOC/TON ratio at the different growth stage.It contributed to the continuous and balanced supply of nutrients at the middle and later stage of tobacco and the soil fertility.

不同施肥模式对大豆生长季土壤有效氮供给的影响

为探究施肥模式对潮土区大豆生长季土壤有效氮供给的影响,本研究基于33年长期定位施肥试验,选取4种处理:不施肥(CK)、施氮磷钾化肥(NPK)、氮磷钾化肥+秸秆还田(SNPK)与氮磷钾化肥+有机肥(MNPK),测定分析大豆生长季内土壤铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、微生物量氮、可溶性有机氮含量的变化动态,以及参与土壤氮素转化的有机氮矿化酶活性、氨化作用强度与硝化潜势。结果表明,化肥与秸秆或有机肥配施可提高土壤全氮、有机碳、微生物量碳和可溶性有机碳含量,这对土壤脲酶、酰胺酶、蛋白酶和N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶活性及氨化作用强度和硝化潜势的提升有不同程度的促进作用。土壤NH_(4)^(+)-N含量与脲酶和蛋白酶活性呈极显著正相关,与酰胺酶活性呈显著正相关;NO_(3)^(-)-N含量与氨化作用强度、硝化潜势呈极显著正相关。SNPK、MNPK处理下的土壤微生物量氮和可溶性有机氮含量均高于NPK、CK处理。潮土可溶性有机氮含量与大豆地上部氮素吸收呈极显著正相关,并最终影响大豆生长;成熟期SNPK、MNPK处理下的大豆地上部生物量均高于CK、NPK处理。综上所述,化肥与秸秆或有机肥配施可通过提高全氮、有机碳和活性有机碳含量正向调控土壤氮素转化微生物作用强度与酶活性,提高土壤有效氮供给能力,促进大豆生长。本试验结果可为潮土区合理施肥提供理论依据。

Control of In Vitro Regeneration of Individual Reproductive and Vegetative Organs in Dracaena fragrans cv. massangeana Hort. Regularities of the Direct Regenerationof Individual Organs In Vitro

Various individual organs (tepal, flower bud, inflorescence branch, inflorescence, adult vegetative bud and juvenile vegetative bud) were directly regenerated respectively by callus in Dracaena fragrans cv. massangeana Hort. During the regeneration of these individual organs some regularity phenomena were observed. Firstly, the kind range of the individual organs, which are directly regenerated in vitro, is in close relationship to the differentiated stages of the organs used for explant excision during plant ontogeny. The explants excised from the epigeous organ that is differentiated at some stage (stage A) during plant ontogeny must be able to separately regenerate all of those individual epigeous organs: ones differentiated slightly later than the stage A, ones differentiated at the stage A and all ones differentiated earlier than the stage A. Secondly, within this range which kind of organ is regenerated depends on the exogenous auxin concentrations in medium. With the gradual increase of 2,4-D concentration from 0.005 mg/L to 0.5 mg/L, the kinds of regenerated organs will change by the order as follows: vegetative bud, inflorescence, inflorescence branch, flower bud, tepal. These regularities will be able to be used for inducing the direct regeneration of a given epigeous organ in angiosperms.

老年人群慢性病共病模式与失能状况的关联研究:基于四川省抽样调查

背景随着人口老龄化的进展,慢性病共病和失能老年人的数量与日俱增,给社会带来沉重的医疗负担。共病和失能联系紧密,但目前关于共病模式和失能状况的相关性研究较少。目的本研究旨在以四川省为例识别我国老年人群中常见的慢性病共病模式,并从个体层面探讨不同共病模式与失能状况之间的相关性。方法于2022年8—11月采用定额随机抽样方法在四川省抽取501例60岁及以上的老年人群样本,收集其慢性病患病状况、失能状况及一般人口学等信息。通过自组织映射神经网络和K-Means相结合的二次聚类方法,识别老年人群的常见共病模式。基于2021年国家医疗保障局首个《长期护理失能等级评估标准(试行)》判定样本的失能等级,应用逻辑回归模型探究慢性病共病模式与失能等级之间的关系。结果501例样本中,共病患病率为62.3%(312/501),失能率为74.3%(372/501);最终确定6种共病模式:关节炎或风湿病-高血压模式;血脂异常-高血压模式;肾脏疾病-关节炎或风湿病模式;癌症-关节炎或风湿病模式;哮喘-高血压-消化系统疾病模式;情感精神-记忆相关疾病模式。二分类逻辑回归分析结果显示,共病人群的失能风险是无共病人群的6.3倍(OR=6.3,95%CI=3.9~10.3,P<0.05)。多因素多分类逻辑回归分析结果显示,6种共病模式的失能风险均增加(P<0.05);其中情感精神-记忆相关疾病模式的共病人群失能风险最大,是无共病人群的10.7倍(OR=10.7,95%CI=1.7~63.6),其次是癌症-关节炎或风湿病模式(OR=7.8,95%CI=2.4~24.8)。结论四川省老年人共病患病率较高,多种共病模式均与失能的发生显著相关,尤其是情感精神-记忆相关疾病模式和癌症-关节炎或风湿病模式。医疗卫生保健系统应重点关注患有共病的老年群体,基于不同共病模式制定精准有效的长期护理政策和策略,预防延缓失能的发生、发展,提高老年人健康福祉,节约社会医疗卫生资源。

城市发展管控区村庄居民点布局模式探索

该文从空间、社会、经济、文化等角度综合分析了当前农村居民点规划布局,多要素综合研究相关布局模式在城市发展管控区的适用性,指出相关布局模式在社会网络关系保持、乡村地方文化延续、发展可持续性等方面的缺失与不足。结合以上研究,提出了基于地域性的有机集聚布局模式,并在相关案例中分析应用,为该类区域的乡村发展和城市发展管控提供思路,也为相关地域的国土空间规划和乡村规划提供参考。

The Planning, Organization and Management of Post-disaster Reconstruction of the Lushan Earthquake Based on the Local as the Main Body

A new organization and management mechanism with the local government as the main body was created during the post-disaster reconstruction of the "4. 20 " Lushan earthquake,in which the experiences and lessons were drawn from the "5. 12"Wenchuan earthquake. Correspondingly, the local government conducted an exploration of the organization and management mode in the field of planning and construction. The effective experiences have been accumulated, including working out a full coverage planning,taking the leading part in the urban-rural planning,and exercising whole space control over the disaster area. An innovation management mode named as "Five Generals Pattern"was implemented in the construction projects. In view that the rural housing reconstruction was a weak link, a new approach to improving the construction management was investigated,by means of strengthening on-site supervision,establishing a technical platform,and bolstering public participation.