Experimental investigations on cavity-actuated under-expanded supersonic oscillating jet

As one type of potential flow control actuators, cavity-actuated supersonic jet oscillators, which consist of a 2-D convergent nozzle and two face to face cavities, need to be investigated dee- ply to get the knowledge of their oscillating feature and underlying mechanism. Wind tunnel testing are conducted under different back pressures in a vacuum-type wind tunnel for two supersonic jet oscillators, to obtain their characteristics and the conditions for jet oscillating. The experimental results show that the continuous, nearly symmetric or asymmetric flipping between the two cavities appears over certain nozzle pressure ratio （NPR） range for both oscillators according to schlieren visualizations. Compared to the free jet, the oscillating jet with large exit achieves larger mixing; the oscillating jet with small exit has less mixing, based on the analysis of jet axial peak velocity and the entrainment. The cross-junction mode for estimating the resonance frequency in a pipe with two closed side branches is modified and obtained comparable estimations of the frequency of jet flipping with experimental data, but further investigations are needed to discover the underlying mechanism for the jet flipping.

Experimental investigation on a cavity-step-actuated supersonic oscillating jet

Wind tunnel testing is conducted at different back pressures in a vacuum-type wind tunnel for a novel supersonic fluidic oscillator which consists of a two-dimensional Laval nozzle, a rectangular cavity and a backward step, to obtain its characteristics and the conditions for jet oscillating. The experimental results show that periodic asymmetrical flipping of the supersonic jet appears over certain nozzle pressure ratio（NPR） range according to schlieren visualization and pressure fluctuations. The jet flipping appears only when the jet is over expanded. The normalized average amplitude of the lateral pressure difference acting on the roofs of the cavity and the step varies around 0.2 while the periodic flipping appears. The supersonic jet periodic flipping frequencies obtained from the experiments agree well with those from the modified Rossiter mode for cavity-step acoustic resonance, but further investigations are needed to discover the underlying mechanism for the jet flipping.

Experiments on Deflecting & Oscillating Waterjet

A new type jet, the oscillating & deflecting jet, is put forward and its oscillating and deflecting characteristics are investigated. The nozzle of the self-oscillating & deflecting water jet consists of an upstream nozzle, a downstream nozzle, an oscillating chamber and two switches. It is experimentally shown that the deflective angle may reach 9.53 degree. The generated pressure fluctuation is very regular and the jet can efficiently increase the ability for breaking and cutting by eliminating the water cushion effect associated with a continuous jet.

Impact frequency variation of self-excited oscillation pulsed supercritical carbon dioxide jets

In order to obtain the impact frequency of resonant coal breaking by self-excited oscillation pulsed supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO_(2))jet,large eddy simulation was used to analyze the formation and development process of self-excited oscillation pulsed SC-CO_(2)jet,the variation of jet impact frequency in the nozzle and the free flow field,and the variation of jet impact frequency at different positions in the jet axis and under different cavity lengths.The test device of jet impact frequency was developed,and experiments were performed to verify the conclusions of the numerical simulations.The results show that the frequency of the self-excited oscillation pulsed SC-CO_(2)jet is different in the nozzle and the free flow field.In the nozzle,the frequency generated by the fluid disturbance is the same,and the jet frequency at the exit of the nozzle is consistent with that inside the nozzle.In the free flow field,due to the compressibility of CO_(2),the pressure,velocity and other parameters of SC-CO_(2)jets have obvious fluctuation patterns.This feature causes the impact frequency of the self-excited oscillation pulsed SC-CO_(2)jet to decrease gradually in the axis.Changing the cavity length allows the adjustment of the jet impact frequency in the free flow field by affecting the disturbance frequency of the self-excited oscillation pulsed SC-CO_(2)jet inside the nozzle.

THEORY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE SELF-EXCITED OSCILLATION PULSED JET NOZZLE

Comparing with usual continuous jet nozzle, the self-excited oscillationpulsed jet nozzle SEOPJN) can make jet generate a higher peak of pressure and larger scouringvolume. And it can make jet increase the effective standoff distance, too. The basic theories of theSEOPJN are introduced. Some experimental results are shown. According to the results, using tricornbits assembled the SEOPJN to drill oil well, the ROP increases by 8 percent approx 77 percent, andthe rates of the footage for tricorn bit increases by 6.7 percent approx 44.0 percent.

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE COHERENT STRUCTURES AND CHAOTIC PHENOMENA IN THE AXISYMMETRIC COUNTERCURRENT SHEAR FLOW

The coherent structures and the chaotic phenomena in the transition of the axisymmetric countercurrent mixing shear flow were investigated experimentally. Two kinds of self-excited oscillation modes could exist in the axisymmetric countercurrent mixing shear flow. One is the shear layer self-excited oscillation mode corresponding to the high Reynolds number regime and the other is the jet column self-excited oscillation mode corresponding to the low Reynolds number regime in the case of the velocity ratio ranging from I to 1.5. Analyzing the auto-power spectrum, self-correlation-function and three dimensional reconstructed phase trajectory, the route to chaos through three Hopf bifurcations intercepted by an intermittence of the dynamical system corresponding to the axisymmetric countercurrent mixing shear flow was discovered when the velocity ratio is equal to 1.32.

Numerical Analysis on the Oscillator of External Stimulation and Self-Excited

In this article, the performance of the novel external stimulation oscillator and the optimized self- excited oscillator has been investigated by CFD numerical simulation. The efficiency and stimulation mechanism of the two kinds of oscillators were analyzed in numeric form. The cycle proportion of wall-attached jet switching time was calculated separately at different operating frequency. Additionally the reason for the difference of two oscillators was analyzed and explained.