Through detailed three-dimensional （3D） finite element （FE） calculations, the out-of-plane constraints Tz along embedded center-elliptical cracks in mode I elastic plates are studied. The distributions of Tz are o...Through detailed three-dimensional （3D） finite element （FE） calculations, the out-of-plane constraints Tz along embedded center-elliptical cracks in mode I elastic plates are studied. The distributions of Tz are obtained near the crack front with aspect ratios （a/c） of 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0. Tz decreases from an approximate value of Poisson ratio v at the crack tip to zero with increasing normalized radial distances （r/a） in the normal plane of the crack front line, and increases gradually when the elliptical parameter angle φ changes from 0° to 90°at the same r/a. With a/c rising to 1.0, Tz is getting nearly independent of φ and is only related to r/a. Based on the present FE calculations for Tz, empirical formulas for Tz are obtained to describe the 3D distribution of Tz for embedded center-elliptical cracks using the least squares method in the range of 0.2 ≤ a/c ≤ 1.0. These Tz results together with the corresponding stress intensity factor K are well suitable for the analysis of the 3D embedded centerelliptical crack from field, and a two-parameter K-Tz principle is proposed.展开更多
Key components of large structures in aeronautics industry are required to be made light and have long enough fatigue lives.It is of vital importance to estimate the fatigue life of these structures accurately.Since t...Key components of large structures in aeronautics industry are required to be made light and have long enough fatigue lives.It is of vital importance to estimate the fatigue life of these structures accurately.Since the FCG process is affected by various factors,no universal model exists due to the complexity of the mechanisms.Most of the existing models are obtained by fitting the experimental data and could hardly describe the integrative effect of most existing factors simultaneously.In order to account for the integrative effect of specimen parameters,material property and loading conditions on FCG process,a new model named integrative influence factor model（IIF） is proposed based on the plasticity-induced crack closure theory.Accordingly to the predictions of crack opening ratio（γ） and effective stress intensity factor range ratio（U） with different material under various loading conditions,predictions of γ and U by the IIF model are completely identical to the theoretical results from the plane stress state to the plane strain state when Poisson＇s ratio equals 1/3.When Poisson＇s ratio equals 0.3,predictions of γ and U by the IIF model are larger than the predictions by the existing model,and more close to the theoretical results.In addition,it describes the influence of R ratios on γ and U effectively in the whole region from-1.0 to 1.0.Moreover,several sets of test data of FCG rates in 5 kinds of aluminum alloys with various specimen thicknesses under different loading conditions are used to validate the IIF model,most of the test data are situated on the predicted curves or between the two curves that represent the specimen with different thicknesses under the same stress ratio.Some of the test data slightly departure from the predictions by the IIF model due to the surface roughness and errors in measurement.Besides,based on the analysis of the physical rule of crack opening ratios,a relative thickness of specimen is defined to describe the influence of material property,specimen thickness and so forth on FCG characteristics conveniently.In conclusion,the relative thickness of specimen simplifies the expression of FCG characteristic and provides a general parameter to analyze the fatigue characteristics of different materials with various thicknesses under different loading conditions.The IIF model describes the integrative effect of existing influence factors explicitly and quantitatively,and provides a helpful tool for fatigue property estimation of practical component and experiment design.展开更多
The theoretical solutions are obtained for the three-dimensional(3-D)stress field in an infinite isotropic elastic plate with a through-the-thickness circular hole subjected to shear load at far field by using Kane an...The theoretical solutions are obtained for the three-dimensional(3-D)stress field in an infinite isotropic elastic plate with a through-the-thickness circular hole subjected to shear load at far field by using Kane and Mindlin′s assumption based on the stress function method.Based on the present solutions,the characteristics of 3-D stress field are analyzed and the emphasis is placed on the effects of the plate thickness and Poisson′s ratio on the deviation of the present 3-D in-plane stress from the related plane stress solutions,the stress concentration and the out-of-plane constraint.The present solutions show that the stress concentration factor reaches its peak value of about 8.9% which is higher than that of the plane stress solutions.As expected,the out-of-plane stress constraint factor can reach 1on the surface of the hole when the plate is a very thick one.展开更多
Plane strain elastic-plastic finite element analyses are used tostudy the stress, strain fields around a straight crack in powerhardening plastic material. Center crack panel (CCP), single edgecrack panel (SECP) and d...Plane strain elastic-plastic finite element analyses are used tostudy the stress, strain fields around a straight crack in powerhardening plastic material. Center crack panel (CCP), single edgecrack panel (SECP) and double edge crack panel (DECP) tensionspecimens are analyzed with various crack lengths. Two localconstraint parameters, i.e. in-plane stress ratio T_x andout-of-plane constraint T_z are an- alyzed, which are defined astangential stress dividing normal (open) stress and out-of-planestress dividing the sum of tangential stress and normal stressrespectively.展开更多
A new model for the analysis of fatigue crack growth in the metal structures was proposed. This model shows a promising capability of explaining various fatigue phenomena. The new crack growth model is further complet...A new model for the analysis of fatigue crack growth in the metal structures was proposed. This model shows a promising capability of explaining various fatigue phenomena. The new crack growth model is further completed by a continuous empirical formula for estimating the value of variable fracture toughness during crack propagation and a modified continuous equation for the crack tip stress/strain constraint factor used to calculate the stress intensity factor at the opening level. The prediction results are proved to agree well with the observed phenomena in test.展开更多
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （50275073）
文摘Through detailed three-dimensional （3D） finite element （FE） calculations, the out-of-plane constraints Tz along embedded center-elliptical cracks in mode I elastic plates are studied. The distributions of Tz are obtained near the crack front with aspect ratios （a/c） of 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0. Tz decreases from an approximate value of Poisson ratio v at the crack tip to zero with increasing normalized radial distances （r/a） in the normal plane of the crack front line, and increases gradually when the elliptical parameter angle φ changes from 0° to 90°at the same r/a. With a/c rising to 1.0, Tz is getting nearly independent of φ and is only related to r/a. Based on the present FE calculations for Tz, empirical formulas for Tz are obtained to describe the 3D distribution of Tz for embedded center-elliptical cracks using the least squares method in the range of 0.2 ≤ a/c ≤ 1.0. These Tz results together with the corresponding stress intensity factor K are well suitable for the analysis of the 3D embedded centerelliptical crack from field, and a two-parameter K-Tz principle is proposed.
基金supported by Military Pre-study Project of General Armament Department of China (Grant No. YG060101C)
文摘Key components of large structures in aeronautics industry are required to be made light and have long enough fatigue lives.It is of vital importance to estimate the fatigue life of these structures accurately.Since the FCG process is affected by various factors,no universal model exists due to the complexity of the mechanisms.Most of the existing models are obtained by fitting the experimental data and could hardly describe the integrative effect of most existing factors simultaneously.In order to account for the integrative effect of specimen parameters,material property and loading conditions on FCG process,a new model named integrative influence factor model（IIF） is proposed based on the plasticity-induced crack closure theory.Accordingly to the predictions of crack opening ratio（γ） and effective stress intensity factor range ratio（U） with different material under various loading conditions,predictions of γ and U by the IIF model are completely identical to the theoretical results from the plane stress state to the plane strain state when Poisson＇s ratio equals 1/3.When Poisson＇s ratio equals 0.3,predictions of γ and U by the IIF model are larger than the predictions by the existing model,and more close to the theoretical results.In addition,it describes the influence of R ratios on γ and U effectively in the whole region from-1.0 to 1.0.Moreover,several sets of test data of FCG rates in 5 kinds of aluminum alloys with various specimen thicknesses under different loading conditions are used to validate the IIF model,most of the test data are situated on the predicted curves or between the two curves that represent the specimen with different thicknesses under the same stress ratio.Some of the test data slightly departure from the predictions by the IIF model due to the surface roughness and errors in measurement.Besides,based on the analysis of the physical rule of crack opening ratios,a relative thickness of specimen is defined to describe the influence of material property,specimen thickness and so forth on FCG characteristics conveniently.In conclusion,the relative thickness of specimen simplifies the expression of FCG characteristic and provides a general parameter to analyze the fatigue characteristics of different materials with various thicknesses under different loading conditions.The IIF model describes the integrative effect of existing influence factors explicitly and quantitatively,and provides a helpful tool for fatigue property estimation of practical component and experiment design.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11372269,10902057)
文摘The theoretical solutions are obtained for the three-dimensional(3-D)stress field in an infinite isotropic elastic plate with a through-the-thickness circular hole subjected to shear load at far field by using Kane and Mindlin′s assumption based on the stress function method.Based on the present solutions,the characteristics of 3-D stress field are analyzed and the emphasis is placed on the effects of the plate thickness and Poisson′s ratio on the deviation of the present 3-D in-plane stress from the related plane stress solutions,the stress concentration and the out-of-plane constraint.The present solutions show that the stress concentration factor reaches its peak value of about 8.9% which is higher than that of the plane stress solutions.As expected,the out-of-plane stress constraint factor can reach 1on the surface of the hole when the plate is a very thick one.
基金the National Foundation of Distinguished Young Scientists of China(No.59625510)
文摘Plane strain elastic-plastic finite element analyses are used tostudy the stress, strain fields around a straight crack in powerhardening plastic material. Center crack panel (CCP), single edgecrack panel (SECP) and double edge crack panel (DECP) tensionspecimens are analyzed with various crack lengths. Two localconstraint parameters, i.e. in-plane stress ratio T_x andout-of-plane constraint T_z are an- alyzed, which are defined astangential stress dividing normal (open) stress and out-of-planestress dividing the sum of tangential stress and normal stressrespectively.
基金supported by the Innovative Scholars Support Program of Jiangsu Province, 2008-2010
文摘A new model for the analysis of fatigue crack growth in the metal structures was proposed. This model shows a promising capability of explaining various fatigue phenomena. The new crack growth model is further completed by a continuous empirical formula for estimating the value of variable fracture toughness during crack propagation and a modified continuous equation for the crack tip stress/strain constraint factor used to calculate the stress intensity factor at the opening level. The prediction results are proved to agree well with the observed phenomena in test.
