The evolutionary strategy with a dynamic weighting schedule is proposed to find all the compromised solutions of the multi-objective integrated structure and control optimization problem, where the optimal system perf...The evolutionary strategy with a dynamic weighting schedule is proposed to find all the compromised solutions of the multi-objective integrated structure and control optimization problem, where the optimal system performance and control cost are defined by H2 or H∞ norms. During this optimization process, the weights are varying with the increasing generation instead of fixed values. The proposed strategy together with the linear matrix inequality （LMI） or the Riccati controller design method can find a series of uniformly distributed nondominated solutions in a single run. Therefore, this method can greatly reduce the computation intensity of the integrated optimization problem compared with the weight-based single objective genetic algorithm. Active automotive suspension is adopted as an example to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Exploration of alternative energy storage systems has been more than necessary in view of the supply risks haunting lithium-ion batteries.Among various alternative electrochemical energy storage devices,sodium-ion bat...Exploration of alternative energy storage systems has been more than necessary in view of the supply risks haunting lithium-ion batteries.Among various alternative electrochemical energy storage devices,sodium-ion battery outstands with advantages of cost-effectiveness and comparable energy density with lithium-ion batteries.Thanks to the similar electrochemical mechanism,the research and development of lithium-ion batteries have forged a solid foundation for sodium-ion battery explorations.Advancements in sodium-ion batteries have been witnessed in terms of superior electrochemical performance and broader application scenarios.Here,the strategies adopted to optimize the battery components(cathode,anode,electrolyte,separator,binder,current collector,etc.)and the cost,safety,and commercialization issues in sodium-ion batteries are summarized and discussed.Based on these optimization strategies,assembly of functional(flexible,stretchable,self-healable,and self-chargeable)and integrated sodium-ion batteries(−actuators,−sensors,electrochromic,etc.)have been realized.Despite these achievements,challenges including energy density,scalability,trade-off between energy density and functionality,cost,etc.are to be addressed for sodium-ion battery commercialization.This review aims at providing an overview of the up-to-date achievements in sodium-ion batteries and serves to inspire more efforts in designing upgraded sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
Inferior crude oil and fuel oil upgrading lead to escalating increase of hydrogen consumption in refineries.It is imperative to reduce the hydrogen consumption for energy-saving operations of refineries.An integration...Inferior crude oil and fuel oil upgrading lead to escalating increase of hydrogen consumption in refineries.It is imperative to reduce the hydrogen consumption for energy-saving operations of refineries.An integration strategy of hydrogen network and an operational optimization model of hydrotreating(HDT)units are proposed based on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of HDT units.By solving the proposed model,the operating conditions of HDT units are optimized,and the parameters of hydrogen sinks are determined by coupling hydrodesulfurization(HDS),hydrodenitrification(HDN)and aromatic hydrogenation(HDA)kinetics.An example case of a refinery with annual processing capacity of eight million tons is adopted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed optimization strategies and the model.Results show that HDS,HDN and HDA reactions are the major source of hydrogen consumption in the refinery.The total hydrogen consumption can be reduced by 18.9%by applying conventional hydrogen network optimization model.When the hydrogen network is optimized after the operational optimization of HDT units is performed,the hydrogen consumption is reduced by28.2%.When the benefit of the fuel gas recovery is further considered,the total annual cost of hydrogen network can be reduced by 3.21×10~7CNY·a^(-1),decreased by 11.9%.Therefore,the operational optimization of the HDT units in refineries should be imposed to determine the parameters of hydrogen sinks base on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of the hydrogenation processes before the optimization of the hydrogen network is performed through the source-sink matching methods.展开更多
碳达峰碳中和的背景下、主动配电网(active distribution network,ADN)下多主体间能源共享有助于消纳弃风弃光。但随着各微网内风机光伏容量日益增加,每日微网净负荷峰谷趋势变化明显。传统分时电价逐渐很难发挥对微网的削峰填谷作用。...碳达峰碳中和的背景下、主动配电网(active distribution network,ADN)下多主体间能源共享有助于消纳弃风弃光。但随着各微网内风机光伏容量日益增加,每日微网净负荷峰谷趋势变化明显。传统分时电价逐渐很难发挥对微网的削峰填谷作用。提出考虑主动配电网下多主体能源共享调度策略,以主动配电网向下级微网的售电收益减去向主网购电成本所得净收益最大为目标函数,充分考虑下级多微网在电网议价下以微网自身运行成本最低为目标的调度自主性,运用卡罗需-库恩-塔克(Karush-Kuhn-Tucker,KKT)条件将下级多主体电能共享联盟运行成本最低的目标转化为上级目标的约束条件。引入KKT乘子,同时运用大M法对非线性约束进行线性化处理,提高模型求解速度。在MATLAB的Gurobi环境下,对连续的上下层耦合变量乘积进行离散化处理。最后,在IEEE33节点的主动配电网算例中验证所提模型的有效性。展开更多
文摘The evolutionary strategy with a dynamic weighting schedule is proposed to find all the compromised solutions of the multi-objective integrated structure and control optimization problem, where the optimal system performance and control cost are defined by H2 or H∞ norms. During this optimization process, the weights are varying with the increasing generation instead of fixed values. The proposed strategy together with the linear matrix inequality （LMI） or the Riccati controller design method can find a series of uniformly distributed nondominated solutions in a single run. Therefore, this method can greatly reduce the computation intensity of the integrated optimization problem compared with the weight-based single objective genetic algorithm. Active automotive suspension is adopted as an example to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52202320)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.862201013153)+2 种基金the Shandong Excel ent Young Scientists Fund Program(Overseas)(2023HWYQ-060)the Ministry of Education Ac RF Tier 1 Award RT15/20,SingaporeD.H.C.C.acknowledges the funding support from NUS R284000-227-114
文摘Exploration of alternative energy storage systems has been more than necessary in view of the supply risks haunting lithium-ion batteries.Among various alternative electrochemical energy storage devices,sodium-ion battery outstands with advantages of cost-effectiveness and comparable energy density with lithium-ion batteries.Thanks to the similar electrochemical mechanism,the research and development of lithium-ion batteries have forged a solid foundation for sodium-ion battery explorations.Advancements in sodium-ion batteries have been witnessed in terms of superior electrochemical performance and broader application scenarios.Here,the strategies adopted to optimize the battery components(cathode,anode,electrolyte,separator,binder,current collector,etc.)and the cost,safety,and commercialization issues in sodium-ion batteries are summarized and discussed.Based on these optimization strategies,assembly of functional(flexible,stretchable,self-healable,and self-chargeable)and integrated sodium-ion batteries(−actuators,−sensors,electrochromic,etc.)have been realized.Despite these achievements,challenges including energy density,scalability,trade-off between energy density and functionality,cost,etc.are to be addressed for sodium-ion battery commercialization.This review aims at providing an overview of the up-to-date achievements in sodium-ion batteries and serves to inspire more efforts in designing upgraded sodium-ion batteries.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376188,21676211)the Key Project of Industrial Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(2015GY095)
文摘Inferior crude oil and fuel oil upgrading lead to escalating increase of hydrogen consumption in refineries.It is imperative to reduce the hydrogen consumption for energy-saving operations of refineries.An integration strategy of hydrogen network and an operational optimization model of hydrotreating(HDT)units are proposed based on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of HDT units.By solving the proposed model,the operating conditions of HDT units are optimized,and the parameters of hydrogen sinks are determined by coupling hydrodesulfurization(HDS),hydrodenitrification(HDN)and aromatic hydrogenation(HDA)kinetics.An example case of a refinery with annual processing capacity of eight million tons is adopted to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed optimization strategies and the model.Results show that HDS,HDN and HDA reactions are the major source of hydrogen consumption in the refinery.The total hydrogen consumption can be reduced by 18.9%by applying conventional hydrogen network optimization model.When the hydrogen network is optimized after the operational optimization of HDT units is performed,the hydrogen consumption is reduced by28.2%.When the benefit of the fuel gas recovery is further considered,the total annual cost of hydrogen network can be reduced by 3.21×10~7CNY·a^(-1),decreased by 11.9%.Therefore,the operational optimization of the HDT units in refineries should be imposed to determine the parameters of hydrogen sinks base on the characteristics of reaction kinetics of the hydrogenation processes before the optimization of the hydrogen network is performed through the source-sink matching methods.
文摘碳达峰碳中和的背景下、主动配电网(active distribution network,ADN)下多主体间能源共享有助于消纳弃风弃光。但随着各微网内风机光伏容量日益增加,每日微网净负荷峰谷趋势变化明显。传统分时电价逐渐很难发挥对微网的削峰填谷作用。提出考虑主动配电网下多主体能源共享调度策略,以主动配电网向下级微网的售电收益减去向主网购电成本所得净收益最大为目标函数,充分考虑下级多微网在电网议价下以微网自身运行成本最低为目标的调度自主性,运用卡罗需-库恩-塔克(Karush-Kuhn-Tucker,KKT)条件将下级多主体电能共享联盟运行成本最低的目标转化为上级目标的约束条件。引入KKT乘子,同时运用大M法对非线性约束进行线性化处理,提高模型求解速度。在MATLAB的Gurobi环境下,对连续的上下层耦合变量乘积进行离散化处理。最后,在IEEE33节点的主动配电网算例中验证所提模型的有效性。
