Germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the ovary are rare, comprising approximately 20% of all ovarian tumors with the malignant variant accounting for less than 5% of all ovarian neoplasms. Malignant mixed germ cell tumours are...Germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the ovary are rare, comprising approximately 20% of all ovarian tumors with the malignant variant accounting for less than 5% of all ovarian neoplasms. Malignant mixed germ cell tumours are rarer still with dysgerminoma & yolk sac tumour being the most common components with three component variants being categorised in the rarest of rare varieties. Bilateral dysgerminomas occur in 15% of germ cell neoplasms but rarely present with premature ovarian failure. We present the case of an adolescent girl with a short history of abdominal pain and distension with amenorrhoea for a year. Clinical and radio ogical examination revealed a pelvic/adnexal mass with elevation of tumour markers and she had to undergo a staging laparotomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histopatholgy examination was reported as malignant mixed germ cell tumour of left ovary, predominantly with immature teratoma and minor components of yolk-sac tumour and dysgerminoma and right ovary with dysgerminoma. In view of mixed germ cell disease, she was planned for adjuvant chemotherapy.展开更多
Background: In female dogs, ovarian hormones have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of mammary tumors. Ovarian hormones interact with nuclear receptors, estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ), progesteron receptor...Background: In female dogs, ovarian hormones have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of mammary tumors. Ovarian hormones interact with nuclear receptors, estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ), progesteron receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) respectively. The aim of this study was to verify the existence of correlations between biological behaviour and immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ), progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) in canine mammary tumors. A total of sixty-four tumors were examined. Results: The expression of every receptor was higher in normal tissue and benign tumors than in malignant neoplasm. Among malignancies, the lowest levels of every receptor were detected in high grade carcinomas (p α and PR were associated with regional (p .01) and/or distant (p < 0.05) metastasis. A lower expression of ERβ was found in carcinomas with nodal positive status (p < 0.05). High level of AR seemed weakly associated with the development of distant metastasis (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The expression of ERα and/or PR showed the positive prognostic value for the Spearman’s rank test (p β also displayed a positive prognostic significance (p < 0.05). The levels of AR were inversely correlated only with grading of a slight positive correlation with metastatic power of carcinoma (p > 0.05). In human breast carcinoma, AR seems to be involved in metastatic development by up-regulation of metalloprotease of matrix (MMP). Therefore, evaluating the correlation among the presence of AR, expression of MMP and appearance of distant metastasis also in canine mammary tumors could be very interesting.展开更多
文摘Germ cell tumours (GCTs) of the ovary are rare, comprising approximately 20% of all ovarian tumors with the malignant variant accounting for less than 5% of all ovarian neoplasms. Malignant mixed germ cell tumours are rarer still with dysgerminoma & yolk sac tumour being the most common components with three component variants being categorised in the rarest of rare varieties. Bilateral dysgerminomas occur in 15% of germ cell neoplasms but rarely present with premature ovarian failure. We present the case of an adolescent girl with a short history of abdominal pain and distension with amenorrhoea for a year. Clinical and radio ogical examination revealed a pelvic/adnexal mass with elevation of tumour markers and she had to undergo a staging laparotomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histopatholgy examination was reported as malignant mixed germ cell tumour of left ovary, predominantly with immature teratoma and minor components of yolk-sac tumour and dysgerminoma and right ovary with dysgerminoma. In view of mixed germ cell disease, she was planned for adjuvant chemotherapy.
文摘Background: In female dogs, ovarian hormones have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of mammary tumors. Ovarian hormones interact with nuclear receptors, estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ), progesteron receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) respectively. The aim of this study was to verify the existence of correlations between biological behaviour and immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ), progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) in canine mammary tumors. A total of sixty-four tumors were examined. Results: The expression of every receptor was higher in normal tissue and benign tumors than in malignant neoplasm. Among malignancies, the lowest levels of every receptor were detected in high grade carcinomas (p α and PR were associated with regional (p .01) and/or distant (p < 0.05) metastasis. A lower expression of ERβ was found in carcinomas with nodal positive status (p < 0.05). High level of AR seemed weakly associated with the development of distant metastasis (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The expression of ERα and/or PR showed the positive prognostic value for the Spearman’s rank test (p β also displayed a positive prognostic significance (p < 0.05). The levels of AR were inversely correlated only with grading of a slight positive correlation with metastatic power of carcinoma (p > 0.05). In human breast carcinoma, AR seems to be involved in metastatic development by up-regulation of metalloprotease of matrix (MMP). Therefore, evaluating the correlation among the presence of AR, expression of MMP and appearance of distant metastasis also in canine mammary tumors could be very interesting.
