Background:MiRNAs act as pivotal post-transcriptional gene mediators in the regulation of diverse biological processes,including proliferation,development and apoptosis.Our previous study has showed that miR-101-3p is...Background:MiRNAs act as pivotal post-transcriptional gene mediators in the regulation of diverse biological processes,including proliferation,development and apoptosis.Our previous study has showed that miR-101-3p is differentially expressed in dairy goat ovaries compared single with multiple litters.The objective of this research was to explore the potential function and molecular mechanism of miR-101-3p via its target STC1 in goat ovarian growth and development.Results:cDNA libraries were constructed using goat granulosa cells transfected with miR-101-3p mimics and negative control by RNA-sequencing.In total,142 differentially expressed unigenes(DEGs)were detected between two libraries,including 78 down-regulated and 64 up-regulated genes.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed the potential impacts of DEGs on ovarian development.STC1 was singled out from DEGs for further research owing to it regulates reproductive-related processes.In vitro,bioinformatics analysis and 3′-UTR assays confirmed that STC1 was a target of miR-101-3p.ELISA was performed to detect the estrogen(E2)and progesterone(P4)levels.CCK8,EdU and flow cytometry assays were performed to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells.Results showed that miR-101-3p regulated STAR,CYP19A1,CYP11A1 and 3β-HSD steroid hormone synthesis-associated genes by STC1 depletion,thus promoted E2 and P4 secretions.MiR-101-3p also affected the key protein PI3K,PTEN,AKT and mTOR in PI3K-AKT pathway by STC1,thereby suppressing proliferation and promoting apoptosis of granulosa cells.In vivo,the distribution and expression levels of miR-101-3p in mouse ovaries were determined through fluorescence in situ hybridisation(FISH).Immunohistochemistry results showed that STC1 expression was suppressed in mouse ovaries in miR-101-3p-agonist and siRNA-STC1 groups.Small and stunted ovarian fragments,decreased numbers of follicles at diverse stages were observed using Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,thereby showing unusual ovarian development after miR-101-3p overexpression or STC1 depletion.Inhibition of miR-101-3p manifested opposite results.Conclusions:Taken together,our results demonstrated a regulatory mechanism of miR-101-3p via STC1 in goat granulosa cells,and offered the first in vivo example of miR-101-3p and STC1 functions required for ovarian development.展开更多
目的探讨高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)对胰岛素抵抗的大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞Ik B/NF-k B信号通路的影响。方法体外培养正常大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞,设对照组、不同浓度胰岛素干预组,不同浓度HMGB1干预组,胰岛素抵抗+si-HMGB1干预组等,用酶联免疫吸附法(E...目的探讨高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)对胰岛素抵抗的大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞Ik B/NF-k B信号通路的影响。方法体外培养正常大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞,设对照组、不同浓度胰岛素干预组,不同浓度HMGB1干预组,胰岛素抵抗+si-HMGB1干预组等,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定葡萄糖、HMGB1、雄激素、TNF-α、磷酸化NF-k B p65的含量;免疫印迹检测Ik Ba、p Ik Ba、Caspase3和Cleaved Caspase3的蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,胰岛素过高导致大鼠卵巢细胞的葡萄糖含量明显降低(P<0.05);雄激素及相关炎症因子HMGB1、TNF-α明显升高(P<0.01),并激活转录因子NF-k B p65并使其磷酸化程度明显升高(P<0.05)。随着HMGB1浓度升高,雄激素、磷酸化Ik Ba、磷酸化NF-k B p65和TNF-α的表达量较对照组均明显升高(P<0.05 or P<0.01);而当胰岛素抵抗的卵巢颗粒细胞中加入HMGB1的干扰小分子,则发现胰岛素抵抗带来的副作用得到缓解,较胰岛素抵抗对照组雄激素、Cleaved Caspase3、TNF-α、磷酸化Ik Ba和磷酸化NF-k B p65的表达量均显著性下降(P<0.05 or P<0.01)。结论 HMGB1在多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)胰岛素抵抗卵巢颗粒细胞模型中促使炎症因子升高,可能介导了NF-k B信号通路的激活,促进胰岛素抵抗卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡,参与了PCOS的发病。展开更多
Introduction: The existence of ovarian intrinsic neurons is well established. However, the morphology and chemical phenotype are not completely characterized and are even unknown for some species used in medical resea...Introduction: The existence of ovarian intrinsic neurons is well established. However, the morphology and chemical phenotype are not completely characterized and are even unknown for some species used in medical research. The purpose of this work was to determine the morphology and chemical phenotype of intrinsic neurons of the guinea pig ovary at two ages: neonates (0 days old) and sexually mature reproductive animals (90 days old). Materials and Methods: For the morphological analysis, we employed the modified Golgi-Cox impregnation technique. For the chemical phenotype, we used immunohistochemistry and the following antibodies;tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), transient receptor potential type 1 (TRPV1), neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN) and proto-oncogene product of the cFos gene (cFos). We also used enzyme histochemistry for NADPH-diaphorase detection. Results: The number of intrinsic neurons in the neonate ovary was low in comparison to the adult guinea pig ovary. The intrinsic neurons were located in the cortex and the ovarian medulla;some were isolated or clustered, forming ganglia, and others were interconnected and formed networks. The neurons were small, medium or large. In the cortex of neonate vs adult ovaries, the small and medium neurons comprised 23% vs 36% and 5.2% vs 11.6%, respectively. In the medulla, the percent of the same neurons was 10.1% vs 10.1% and 1.1% vs 2.2% in the neonate and adult, respectively. In both cortex and medulla < 1% were large neurons at two ages. Also, the neurons were rounded, fusiform or multipolar. In the cortex, they were 12.7% vs 20.9%, 14.9% vs 24.2% and 1.1% vs 3.0%, respectively. In the medulla, the percent of small vs medium neurons was 6% vs 7.1% and 4.1% vs 4.8% in the neonate and adult ovary, respectively, and <1% were large neurons at both ages. The chemical phenotypes were in the neonate and adult: TH/NeuN-positive neurons, 16.3% vs 26.5%;CGRP/NeuN, 13.5% vs 35.8%;TRPV1/NeuN, 10.2% vs 38.6%;and cFos/NeuN, 4.6% vs 5.4%, respectively.The percent of NADPHd-positive cells in the cortex was 9.5% vs 25.1% and 3.2% vs 62.2% in the medulla in the neonate and adult, respectively. Conclusion: Altogether, these data showed that the number of ovarian intrinsic neurons was low at birth and increased in the sexually mature reproductive guinea pig. The chemical phenotype was rich and peptidergic, catecholaminergic and nitrergic in nature and positive for cFos immunoreactivity. Therefore, intrinsic neurons can be chemical sensors inside of the gonad and transmit signal to the central nervous system.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601925)Shaanxi Science and Technology Innovation Project Plan(2020ZDLNY02–01,2020ZDLNY02–02,2018ZDCXL-NY-01-04,2018ZDCXL-NY-01-02 and 2017ZDXM-NY-081)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2020JQ-868)。
文摘Background:MiRNAs act as pivotal post-transcriptional gene mediators in the regulation of diverse biological processes,including proliferation,development and apoptosis.Our previous study has showed that miR-101-3p is differentially expressed in dairy goat ovaries compared single with multiple litters.The objective of this research was to explore the potential function and molecular mechanism of miR-101-3p via its target STC1 in goat ovarian growth and development.Results:cDNA libraries were constructed using goat granulosa cells transfected with miR-101-3p mimics and negative control by RNA-sequencing.In total,142 differentially expressed unigenes(DEGs)were detected between two libraries,including 78 down-regulated and 64 up-regulated genes.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed the potential impacts of DEGs on ovarian development.STC1 was singled out from DEGs for further research owing to it regulates reproductive-related processes.In vitro,bioinformatics analysis and 3′-UTR assays confirmed that STC1 was a target of miR-101-3p.ELISA was performed to detect the estrogen(E2)and progesterone(P4)levels.CCK8,EdU and flow cytometry assays were performed to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells.Results showed that miR-101-3p regulated STAR,CYP19A1,CYP11A1 and 3β-HSD steroid hormone synthesis-associated genes by STC1 depletion,thus promoted E2 and P4 secretions.MiR-101-3p also affected the key protein PI3K,PTEN,AKT and mTOR in PI3K-AKT pathway by STC1,thereby suppressing proliferation and promoting apoptosis of granulosa cells.In vivo,the distribution and expression levels of miR-101-3p in mouse ovaries were determined through fluorescence in situ hybridisation(FISH).Immunohistochemistry results showed that STC1 expression was suppressed in mouse ovaries in miR-101-3p-agonist and siRNA-STC1 groups.Small and stunted ovarian fragments,decreased numbers of follicles at diverse stages were observed using Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,thereby showing unusual ovarian development after miR-101-3p overexpression or STC1 depletion.Inhibition of miR-101-3p manifested opposite results.Conclusions:Taken together,our results demonstrated a regulatory mechanism of miR-101-3p via STC1 in goat granulosa cells,and offered the first in vivo example of miR-101-3p and STC1 functions required for ovarian development.
文摘目的探讨高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB1)对胰岛素抵抗的大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞Ik B/NF-k B信号通路的影响。方法体外培养正常大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞,设对照组、不同浓度胰岛素干预组,不同浓度HMGB1干预组,胰岛素抵抗+si-HMGB1干预组等,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定葡萄糖、HMGB1、雄激素、TNF-α、磷酸化NF-k B p65的含量;免疫印迹检测Ik Ba、p Ik Ba、Caspase3和Cleaved Caspase3的蛋白表达。结果与对照组比较,胰岛素过高导致大鼠卵巢细胞的葡萄糖含量明显降低(P<0.05);雄激素及相关炎症因子HMGB1、TNF-α明显升高(P<0.01),并激活转录因子NF-k B p65并使其磷酸化程度明显升高(P<0.05)。随着HMGB1浓度升高,雄激素、磷酸化Ik Ba、磷酸化NF-k B p65和TNF-α的表达量较对照组均明显升高(P<0.05 or P<0.01);而当胰岛素抵抗的卵巢颗粒细胞中加入HMGB1的干扰小分子,则发现胰岛素抵抗带来的副作用得到缓解,较胰岛素抵抗对照组雄激素、Cleaved Caspase3、TNF-α、磷酸化Ik Ba和磷酸化NF-k B p65的表达量均显著性下降(P<0.05 or P<0.01)。结论 HMGB1在多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)胰岛素抵抗卵巢颗粒细胞模型中促使炎症因子升高,可能介导了NF-k B信号通路的激活,促进胰岛素抵抗卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡,参与了PCOS的发病。
文摘Introduction: The existence of ovarian intrinsic neurons is well established. However, the morphology and chemical phenotype are not completely characterized and are even unknown for some species used in medical research. The purpose of this work was to determine the morphology and chemical phenotype of intrinsic neurons of the guinea pig ovary at two ages: neonates (0 days old) and sexually mature reproductive animals (90 days old). Materials and Methods: For the morphological analysis, we employed the modified Golgi-Cox impregnation technique. For the chemical phenotype, we used immunohistochemistry and the following antibodies;tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), transient receptor potential type 1 (TRPV1), neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN) and proto-oncogene product of the cFos gene (cFos). We also used enzyme histochemistry for NADPH-diaphorase detection. Results: The number of intrinsic neurons in the neonate ovary was low in comparison to the adult guinea pig ovary. The intrinsic neurons were located in the cortex and the ovarian medulla;some were isolated or clustered, forming ganglia, and others were interconnected and formed networks. The neurons were small, medium or large. In the cortex of neonate vs adult ovaries, the small and medium neurons comprised 23% vs 36% and 5.2% vs 11.6%, respectively. In the medulla, the percent of the same neurons was 10.1% vs 10.1% and 1.1% vs 2.2% in the neonate and adult, respectively. In both cortex and medulla < 1% were large neurons at two ages. Also, the neurons were rounded, fusiform or multipolar. In the cortex, they were 12.7% vs 20.9%, 14.9% vs 24.2% and 1.1% vs 3.0%, respectively. In the medulla, the percent of small vs medium neurons was 6% vs 7.1% and 4.1% vs 4.8% in the neonate and adult ovary, respectively, and <1% were large neurons at both ages. The chemical phenotypes were in the neonate and adult: TH/NeuN-positive neurons, 16.3% vs 26.5%;CGRP/NeuN, 13.5% vs 35.8%;TRPV1/NeuN, 10.2% vs 38.6%;and cFos/NeuN, 4.6% vs 5.4%, respectively.The percent of NADPHd-positive cells in the cortex was 9.5% vs 25.1% and 3.2% vs 62.2% in the medulla in the neonate and adult, respectively. Conclusion: Altogether, these data showed that the number of ovarian intrinsic neurons was low at birth and increased in the sexually mature reproductive guinea pig. The chemical phenotype was rich and peptidergic, catecholaminergic and nitrergic in nature and positive for cFos immunoreactivity. Therefore, intrinsic neurons can be chemical sensors inside of the gonad and transmit signal to the central nervous system.
