Overseas Interests Maintenance Mechanism and Its Enlightenment to China--To the System as the Research Object of the United States

By American post-war gradually build up national security strategy, which is based on law and mechanism, a foreign diverse practices, with international mechanism as the platform, with military force as the backing, supplemented by non-governmental forces overseas interests maintenance mechanism, the strategy and policy support, the guarantee of the military and security for the development of overseas interests to provide comprehensive protection. For our country, the United States to maintain the interests of the overseas which has important reference significance to the practice and experience, China should build overseas interests maintenance strategic framework, perfect the relevant legal system and government agencies, to enhance the use of international mechanism, reform and construction, strengthen the delivery and use of military force overseas, pay attention to the cultivation of non-governmental forces and support, to strengthen the construction of national image.

Research on the Construction of Social Mechanism for the Realization of China’s “Sustainable Overseas Interest”

China’s overseas interest has become more visible and fragile with the deepening of integration into the world.To protect China’s overseas interest,we need to focus on the realization of China’s“sustainable overseas interest”in addition to the prevention of direct infringement and threat.“Sustainable overseas interest”include different content levels of nation,corporate and society.Referring to the experience of other countries,we find that China still lacks the main body dimension in its maintenance mechanism of“sustainable overseas interest”,and the social mechanism level of the trinity system of government,enterprise and society is still insufficient.

Transformation of French Governance Model for Oceanian Overseas Territories

The governance of France's overseas territories in Oceania has undergone a significant model transformation since the end of World War Ⅱ. In recent years, it has further highlighted its determination to pursue strategic autonomy. Through strict governance and legal mechanisms, France has promoted local autonomy and economic transformation, and has shifted the governance of these territories from colonial control to political cooperation and from predatory development to localized sustainable development. France's overseas territories in Oceania have increasingly become the fulcrum of its foreign strategy, serving the overall interests of its country and its overseas security. In recent years, France's governance policies in the region have become increasingly diversified, such as promoting economic diversification, strengthening regional security cooperation, weakening its independence tendencies, and promoting changes in the regional situation and relevant national policies.

Doctor-patient Narrative Re-discovered from Overseas Traditional Chinese Medicine Practices

The doctor-patient narrative has been revisited and appreciated in both the West and the East due to the negative impact of biochemical medicine in the past two centuries on healthcare.Biochemical medicine system simply marginalized the roles of doctors and patients.More research and practice of“doctor's benevolence”and“humanistic medicine”have called for the return of the doctor-patient narrative.This paper draws on interviews with several non-Chinese overseas traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practitioners,whose clients are also non-Chinese.We adopted discourse analysis to explore our data.We found that they actively engaged in doctor-patient narrative with localized interpretation of TCM.We believe such a return to basic doctor-patient narrative is caused by fundamental needs for doctor-patient narrative coinciding with loose control of TCM practices in the studied countries.This discovery may inspire further study on re-establishing doctor-patient narratives in healthcare institutions by re-positioning biochemical medicine.

Preliminary Study on Overseas Applicability of Chinese Architectural Design Standards:Taking China-Aided Construction Projects in Asia Since the Belt and Road Initiative as Examples

This research takes China-aided construction projects in Asia since the Belt and Road Initiative as examples to explore the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards in other Asian countries.So far,the standards demonstrated the highest applicability in South Asia is the best followed by Southeast Asia.Chinese architectural design standards for educational buildings showed the highest applicability,followed by office,medical,and sports buildings.This study puts forward some strategies to improve the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards.These strategies include integrating regionalism and local cultural traditions,optimizing energy efficiency,and aligning designs with local usage habits.This study serves as a reference for similar projects in the future.

Research on Localized English Education for Transnational Left-behind Children in the Context of English Global Localization: A Case Study of Wenzhou Overseas Chinese Hometown

With the increasing development of English globalization,the trend of combining English with local cultures has become more evident.This research focuses on five schools in the Wenzhou overseas Chinese hometown to investigate the current status of English education from the perspectives of teachers,students,and textbooks.The aim was to propose bilingual education strategies for the education of transnational left-behind children(TLC).By examining the situation of English education in this specific context,this study sought to address the unique challenges faced by TLC and provide effective educational approaches.Interviews,observations,and document analysis were employed to gather data by means of questionnaire research methods.The findings of this study settled on the improvement of bilingual education for TLC and insights into enhancing English education in multicultural settings.

Overseas Short-term Training Program for Chinese University Teacher Educators:Theoretical Basis and Course Design

Overseas three-month intra-university training program is rear in Yunnan,China.Using adult learning and social con-structivism as theoretical basis,the author,introduces the background of the program and the course design,highlighting the inten-tion for the program and similar programs.

Learner Factors and Contextual Influences of an Overseas Short-term Training Program for Chinese University Teacher Educators

The participants of an overseas three-month program in this paper were divided into 3 levels according to their English language competences,and classroom observation,and interview were conducted during the learning process.Results show the English language competences,interpretation,learners’education and research background and motivation are determining factors affecting classroom behavioral performance and learning effectiveness.

Model of interval multi-attribute optimization for overseas oil-gas projects

Because of the incompleteness and uncertainty in the information on overseas oil-gas projects, project evaluation needs models able to deal with such problems. A new model is, therefore, presented in this paper based on interval multi-attribute decision-making theory. Analysis was made on the important attributes （index） and the re- lationships affecting the basic factors to the project eco- nomic results were described. The interval numbers are used to describe the information on overseas oil and gas projects. On these bases, an improved TOPSIS model is introduced for the evaluation and ranking of overseas oil and gas projects. The practical application of the new model was carried out for an oil company in selecting some promising blocks from 13 oil and gas blocks in eight dif- ferent countries in the Middle East. Based on these inno- vative studies, some conclusions are given from theoretical and application aspects. The practical application shows that the introduction of interval numbers into the evaluation and ranking of the overseas oil and gas projects can lead to more reasonable decisions. The users can do the project evaluation based on the comprehensive values as well as based on some preferred index in the project evaluation and ranking.

Study of evaluation method for the overseas oil and gas investment based on risk compensation

The overseas oil and gas investment evaluation is one of the core tasks in overseas investment of oil and gas companies,among which risk evaluation and benefit evaluation are the most important.This paper sets forth transmission paths of risk factors to the investment benefit by identifying 14 overseas oil and gas investment risks in four categories.On the basis of the concept of risk compensation,different compensation mechanisms specific to each risk are designed.The risk and benefit are integrated objectively to develop a comprehensive evaluation model by correcting the recoverable reserve,adjusting benefit evaluation parameters such as investments on exploration and development,and compensating for the changes in risk factors with time through dynamic discount rate.Moreover,two cases studies,namely the evaluations of Project A in Sudan and comparison among Blocks A–G,are used to describe usage method and applicable scope of such evaluation model,respectively.According to the results,oil price is a key influencing factor for enterprise internal risk and industrial risk.Risk compensation reduces comprehensive benefit of overseas oil and gas investment and undermines the investment feasibility and priority of blocks.The research findings of this paper are free from the effects of some subject factors and avoid multi-objective decision making,and also avoid the undesired repeated calculation of risk factors.

The Reform Scheme of Practice-Courses Cooperation Training Pattern of Software Engineering Major of Overseas Chinese Universities

How to improve the employment of software engineering graduates, especially, how to effectively enhance the employment competitiveness of relevant overseas students in the context of "One Belt and One Road" is one of the core tasks of overseas Chinese universities. This paper proposes a reform plan for the practical training mode of school-enterprise cooperative project in the software engineering of overseas Chinese universities. The reform plan combines education concepts with practical research and development. It subdivides students and according to the characteristics of different types of students, and is carried out on campus, outside campus(in the province), and abroad(original area), which makes senior undergraduates fully understand the needs of enterprises, constantly improve their professional practice ability, and improve their competitiveness. Thus, the professional innovation and entrepreneurship ability of students is enhanced, and it also reduces the cost of employee entry.

THE CONSTRUCTION AND ITS DEVELOPMENT OFTHE OVERSEAS TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN NORTHEAST CHINA

ＴＨＥＣＯＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＩＴＳＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＯＦＴＨＥＯＶＥＲＳＥＡＳＴＲＡＮＳＰＯＲＴＳＹＳＴＥＭＩＮＮＯＲＴＨＥＡＳＴＣＨＩＮＡＧａｏＳｈａｌｉ（高莎丽）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，ＮｏｒｔｈｅａｓｔＮｏｒｍ...

Technological progress and development directions of PetroChina overseas oil and gas field production

This study reviews the development history of PetroChina’s overseas oil and gas field development technologies, summarizes the characteristic technologies developed, and puts forward the development goals and technological development directions of overseas business to overcome the challenges met in overseas oil and gas production. In the course of PetroChina’s overseas oil and gas field production practice of more than 20 years, a series of characteristic technologies suitable for overseas oil and gas fields have been created by combining the domestic mature oil and gas field production technologies with the features of overseas oil and gas reservoirs, represented by the technology for high-speed development and stabilizing oil production and controlling water rise for overseas sandstone oilfields, high efficiency development technology for large carbonate oil and gas reservoirs and foamy oil depletion development technology in use of horizontal wells for extra-heavy oil reservoirs. Based on in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by overseas oil and gas development and technological requirements, combined with the development trends of oil and gas development technologies in China and abroad, overseas oil and gas development technologies in the future are put forward, including artificial intelligence reservoir prediction and 3 D geological modeling, secondary development and enhanced oil recovery(EOR) of overseas sandstone oilfields after high speed development, water and gas injection to improve oil recovery in overseas carbonate oil and gas reservoirs, economic and effective development of overseas unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, efficient development of marine deep-water oil and gas reservoirs. The following goals are expected to be achieved: keep the enhanced oil recovery(EOR) technology for high water-cut sandstone oilfield at international advanced level, and make the development technology for carbonate oil and gas reservoirs reach the international advanced level, and the development technologies for unconventional and marine deep-water oil and gas reservoirs catch up the level of international leading oil companies quickly.

Localization and the Chinese Overseas： Acculturation, Assimilation, Hybridization, Creolization, and Identification

Based on materials on the localized Chinese overseas, including the Melaka Babas, who are mostly Malay-speaking Chinese, this article reflects on the use of such terms as acculturation and assimilation, as well as hybridization and creolization, in relation to highly localized Chinese. All these concepts are seen as different ways of describing cultural formation in transcultural context. In particular, the relevance of using creolization to refer to the kind of creative process of cultural formation beyond its original usage in the Caribbean is discussed. This results in the identification of fragmented creolization as in the case of the Caribbean and a rooted creolization as in the case of the Babas. The author shall first discuss the issues of assimilation and integration, followed by hybridization and creolization. This is followed by the discussion on localization of Chinese overseas and identity. The concluding section provides some remarks on the concepts reviewed, and three main categories of acculturated Chinese are identified, namely, Chinese who are linguistically assimilated but still observe major Chinese traditions, Chinese who are so acculturated to the mainstream society that they hardly practice Chinese traditions, and Chinese who are both highly localized and highly mixed “racially”.

The Overseas Reception of Chinese Science Fiction Works from a Perspective of Western Interpretation Preference——A Case Study of Reader's Reception of Liu Cixin's The Three-Body Problem in the USA

The Three-Body Problem, written by Liu Cixin, won the 2015 Hugo Award for Best Novel, with over 200,000 copies in English already sold. This gure is hundreds of times the average sales volume of Chinese novels in the USA. Through qualitative and quantitative analyses of overseas readers' comments on The Three-Body Problem posted on the online platforms of Goodreads and Amazon, this paper concludes that the novel's success overseas lies in its catering to the concerns of overseas readers. The ThreeBody Problem is popular among overseas readership thanks to its re ection on the ultimate existence of mankind, science ction vision & imagination, literary familiarity & identi cation, ideological di erence-triggered cultural curiosity, and a good translation. This paper attempts to interpret Liu Cixin's work on the map of world literature from the perspective of overseas readers' preferences to provide references for contemporary Chinese science ction creation and overseas reception.

An Empirical Study on Self-Efficacy of Online Learning of Overseas Chinese Children in Europe

In the post-Covid-19 pandemic era,it is more difficult for some Chinese schools in Europe to provide online extra classes for overseas Chinese children after school hours,as they did previously.To meet students'multifaceted learning needs,online extra classes teaching,including online Chinese language classes and some online art classes,is increasingly being offered as a supplement to the diversity of teaching activities in Chinese schools in Europe,with the ultimate goal of improving the learning abilities of overseas Chinese children while relieving pressure on teaching resources in schools.Children’s learning self-efficacy in online extracurricular courses has its own uniqueness,which can be considered from three dimensions,including learning confidence,learning ability,and self-assessment ability.This study aims to examine the factors influencing the self-efficacy of overseas Chinese children and to make optimization suggestions for better teaching methods.In search of that,an online questionnaire survey with 127 participants from overseas Chinese children aged􀀘to􀀔􀀘was collected.The findings indicate that the role of learning confidence in overseas Chinese children outweighs their learning ability and self-assessment ability.Gender and age have a negligible effect on self-efficacy but have an impact on learning confidence.Chinese schools in Europe do not need to show gender differences when conducting classroom activities in online teaching to improve the online self-efficacy of Chinese children,and efforts should also be made to keep the courage of older students to trial and error.Teachers are expected to investigate more aspects of their students'personalities in future classrooms rather than sticking to a consistent and unchanging teaching model.

IS CHINA LEARNING FROM ITS NEIGHBORS? A COMPARISON OF OVERSEAS INVESTMENT BETWEEN CHINA AND OTHER EAST ASIAN ECONOMIES

Twenty years’ economic reform and open door practice have made China not only an important host nation to foreign direct investment (FDI), but also the largest FDI home nation among the developing countries. In fact, since the late 1980s, the Chinese government has not simply put its effort into exporting  made-in-China" products to earn foreign currency or into encouraging foreign inward capital, but also actively encouraged its manufacturers to invest overseas. This paper examines China’s outward FDI and poses the question to what degree China is expected to follow the other East Asian economies or will it forge its own particular patterns. The first section of this paper reviews the characteristics of FDI of China’s neighbors and then it turns to examine the spatial patterns of and motivations for China’s FDI. Finally, this paper looks at potential of China’s outward investment in the near future. It concludes that China is not Japan but its potential for further outward FDI is huge. With its WTO membership and growing economy, China will become the second to Japan or USA. It will also use its financial power to further contain Taiwan’s independence.

A Study of Overseas Reception of Mo Yan's Red Sorghum

Translation of literary works is the beginning of cross-cultural transmission.Mo Yan's novels attract more and more attention of foreign academy and general readers,and they have set a model for other Chinese literary works to be accepted in foreign countries. The reception of R ed Sorghum in other countries lies in the appreciation of its artistic features,analysis of its folk lore,discussion of its masculinity and femininity and its influence upon foreign literature.

Contributions of Overseas Chinese Merchants in South Seas to the Development of Shanghai's International Trade in Modern Times

Contributions of Overseas Chinese Merchants in South Seas to the Development of Shanghai's International Trade in Modern

A literature review of research exploring the experiences of overseas nurses in the United Kingdom[2002-2017]

Objectives: The goals of this work were to critically explore the challenges faced by overseas nurses during their working careers in the UK, to critically explore the available support for overseas nurses, and to make recommendations on how to minimize the effects of these challenges, as well as how to provide more support for overseas nurses during their working careers in the UK.Methods: A systematic and comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore the said objectives. A search was conducted in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL), Scopus, and Academic Search Complete databases for relevant research. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the included articles. A total of 8 studies including 6 qualitative studies,1 quantitative study, and 1 mixed-method study were selected for literature review. The validity and reliability of these 8 studies were analyzed by using 2 appraisal tools.Results: This review reveals 4 challenges, which overseas nurses experience in the past 15 years, including cultural differences,communication issues, unequal opportunities, and de-skilling. These challenges have a negative impact on overseas nurses' emotions and career development. The formal and informal supports are revealed in this review. Various supports can help overseas nurses to work better.Conclusions: This review reveals 4 challenges faced by overseas nurses, including cultural differences, communication issues,and unequal opportunities and de-skilling. These challenges naturally have a profound negative impact on the emotions and career development of overseas nurses. Additionally, the formal and informal support systems available to these nurses are reviewed. Various support systems can help overseas nurses work more effectively.