The effects of marine environmental factors-temperature(T),dissolved oxygen(DO),salinity(S) and pH-on the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) of natural seawater were studied in laboratory.The results show an indistinc...The effects of marine environmental factors-temperature(T),dissolved oxygen(DO),salinity(S) and pH-on the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) of natural seawater were studied in laboratory.The results show an indistinct relationship between these four factors and the ORP,but they did impact the ORP.Common mathematical methods were not applicable for describing the relationship.Therefore,a grey relational analysis(GRA) method was developed.The degrees of correlation were calculated according to GRA and the values of T,pH,DO and S were 0.744,0.710,0.692 and 0.690,respectively.From these values,the relations of these factors to the ORP could be described and evaluated,and those of T and pH were relatively major.In general,ORP is influenced by the synergic effect of T,DO,pH and S,with no single factor having an outstanding role.展开更多
The reverse osmosis method is one of the most widely used methods of seawater desalination at present.Hydrophilic and desalting membranes in reverse osmosis systems are highly susceptible to the input pollutants.Vario...The reverse osmosis method is one of the most widely used methods of seawater desalination at present.Hydrophilic and desalting membranes in reverse osmosis systems are highly susceptible to the input pollutants.Various contaminants,including suspended organic and inorganic matter,result in membrane fouling and membrane degradation.Fundamental parameters such as the turbidity,the amount of chlorine injection,and silt density index (SDI) are the most predominant parameters of fouling control in the membranes.In this study,the operation system included a water intake unit,a pretreatment system,and an RO system.The pretreatment system encompassed a clarifier,a gravity sand filter,pressurized sand filters,and a cartridge filter.The correlation between the amount of chlorine injection in terms of the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and the SDI value of the input water was investigated at a specified site next to the Persian Gulf.The results showed that,at certain intervals of inlet turbidity,injection of a certain amount of chlorine into the raw water has a distinct effect on the decrease of SDI.展开更多
The aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of applying the technology of oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)control on the municipal wastewater treatment system for nitrogen and phosphorus removal.Meanwhile th...The aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of applying the technology of oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)control on the municipal wastewater treatment system for nitrogen and phosphorus removal.Meanwhile the relation between the optimal ORP(ORP opt)and influent C/N ratio was evaluated,in which the influent chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentration was stabilized at(290±10)mg/L,the influent total phosphorus(TP)concentration was stabilized at(7.0±0.5)mg/L.The results indicated that:(1)the ORP in the second anoxic zone had effect on nitrogen and phosphorus removal capability,and the average percentages of phosphorus uptake in ANO2zone(ηa)increased with increasing ORP,i.e.,increasing from 12.0%at-143 mV to22.0%,30.0%,37.0%,and 45.0%at-123,-111,-105 and-95 mV,respectively;(2)the ORP opt as function of influent C/N ratio could be calculated by the equation:y=252.73e(-x/3.39)-131.01;the maximum percentage of phosphorus uptake in ANO2as function of the ORP opt could be calculated by the equation:y=-0.49 e(x/15.58)+1.51.The ORP opt was the important process control parameter that must be optimized for operation of enhanced biological phosphorus removal(EBPR)system.Moreover,ORP sensor is very simple,and the industrial applications of this strategy is practical.展开更多
Sairme mineral water, one of the famous mineral waters in Georgia, is renowned for its exceptional healing properties. The distinctiveness and therapeutic benefits of the naturally sourced mineral water, known as “Sa...Sairme mineral water, one of the famous mineral waters in Georgia, is renowned for its exceptional healing properties. The distinctiveness and therapeutic benefits of the naturally sourced mineral water, known as “Sairme”, stem from its rich array of microelements, notably including iron and manganese. Since 1948, the bottling of Sairme mineral water has been a prominent activity. Named after the Sairme deposit, this mineral water is packaged in various formats to cater to diverse consumer preferences. The bottling process involves transporting the mineral water from wells to the bottling plant through pipelines. Prior to bottling, the mineral water undergoes meticulous processing stages in adherence to current Georgian and international regulations. This process ensures that the concentration of trace elements in the bottled water is minimized, maintaining its purity and quality. Given the importance of preserving the microelements present in bottled mineral water, our research is dedicated to optimizing the technological process. Our objective is to safeguard the valuable microelements while ensuring the highest standards of quality and safety in the final product.展开更多
According to the World Health Organization(WHO),oxidative stress(OS)is a significant contributor to male infertility.SeminalOS can be measured by a number of assays,all of which are either costly or time sensitive and...According to the World Health Organization(WHO),oxidative stress(OS)is a significant contributor to male infertility.SeminalOS can be measured by a number of assays,all of which are either costly or time sensitive and/or require large semen volume andcomplex instrumentation.One less expensive alternative is to quantify the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)with the MiOXSYS.In this international multi-center study,we assessed whether ORP levels measured by the MiOXSYS could distinguish semensamples that fall within the 2010 WHO normal reference values from those that do not.Semen samples were collected from 2092patients in 9 countries;ORP was normalized to sperm concentration(mV/10^6 sperm/ml).Only those samples with a concentration>1×10^6 sperm ml1 were in eluded.The results showed that 199 samples fell within the WHO no rmal refere nee range while theremaining 1893 samples did not meet one or more of the criteria.ORP was negatively correlated with all semen parameters(P <0.01)except volume.The area under the curve for ORP was 0.765.The ORP cut-off value(1.34 mV/10^6 sperm/ml)was able todifferentiate specimens with abnormal semen parameters with 98.1%sensitivity,40.6%specificity,94.7%positive predictivevalue(PPV)and 66.6%negative predictive value(NPV).When used as an adjunct to traditional semen analysis,ORP levels mayhelp identify altered functional status of spermatozoa caused by OS in cases of idiopathic male infertility and in male partners ofcouples sufferi ng recurre nt pregna ncy loss,and thereby directi ng these men to relevant medical therapies and lifestyle modificati ons.展开更多
To understand the transfer process of soluble reactive phosphorus （SRP） on the lake sediment-water interface in a mesotrophic shallow lake in South China, the SRP concentrations and the oxidation-reduction potential...To understand the transfer process of soluble reactive phosphorus （SRP） on the lake sediment-water interface in a mesotrophic shallow lake in South China, the SRP concentrations and the oxidation-reduction potential （ORP） across the sediment-water interfaces were continually monitored. Sediment samples were collected from Xinghu Lake in Guangdong Province. The ORP dynamics at different layers of overlying water was similar for six experimental systems, whereas those in porewater were significantly different. The ORP in overlying water was 200-300 mV higher than those in sediments. The oxygen penetration depth ranged from 2 to 10 mm in Xiannu Lake sediments. The variation amplitudes of ORP increased with sediment depth, but the mean ORP values were all about 218 mV. The SRP concentrations in porewater maintained at a low level of about 0.049 mg/L because of high atom ratio of total iron and total manganese to total phosphorus. The SRP concentrations and variation amplitudes in porewater increased with sediment depth. The SRP in overlying water mainly originated from S RP transference of the porewater of middle and bottom sediments （3-15 cm）. The ORP variation and SRP transfer in porewater played important roles in changing SRP concentrations. A distinct SRP concentration gradient appeared in overlying water when intense exchange occurred at the sediment-water interface; therefore, it was necessary to monitor the SRP concentration profiles to accurately estimate the internal loading.展开更多
基金Supporte by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No KZCX2-YW-210)National Key Technology Research and Development Program (No2007BAB27B04)the High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No 2001AA635080)
文摘The effects of marine environmental factors-temperature(T),dissolved oxygen(DO),salinity(S) and pH-on the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP) of natural seawater were studied in laboratory.The results show an indistinct relationship between these four factors and the ORP,but they did impact the ORP.Common mathematical methods were not applicable for describing the relationship.Therefore,a grey relational analysis(GRA) method was developed.The degrees of correlation were calculated according to GRA and the values of T,pH,DO and S were 0.744,0.710,0.692 and 0.690,respectively.From these values,the relations of these factors to the ORP could be described and evaluated,and those of T and pH were relatively major.In general,ORP is influenced by the synergic effect of T,DO,pH and S,with no single factor having an outstanding role.
文摘The reverse osmosis method is one of the most widely used methods of seawater desalination at present.Hydrophilic and desalting membranes in reverse osmosis systems are highly susceptible to the input pollutants.Various contaminants,including suspended organic and inorganic matter,result in membrane fouling and membrane degradation.Fundamental parameters such as the turbidity,the amount of chlorine injection,and silt density index (SDI) are the most predominant parameters of fouling control in the membranes.In this study,the operation system included a water intake unit,a pretreatment system,and an RO system.The pretreatment system encompassed a clarifier,a gravity sand filter,pressurized sand filters,and a cartridge filter.The correlation between the amount of chlorine injection in terms of the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and the SDI value of the input water was investigated at a specified site next to the Persian Gulf.The results showed that,at certain intervals of inlet turbidity,injection of a certain amount of chlorine into the raw water has a distinct effect on the decrease of SDI.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.50978118)
文摘The aim of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of applying the technology of oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)control on the municipal wastewater treatment system for nitrogen and phosphorus removal.Meanwhile the relation between the optimal ORP(ORP opt)and influent C/N ratio was evaluated,in which the influent chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentration was stabilized at(290±10)mg/L,the influent total phosphorus(TP)concentration was stabilized at(7.0±0.5)mg/L.The results indicated that:(1)the ORP in the second anoxic zone had effect on nitrogen and phosphorus removal capability,and the average percentages of phosphorus uptake in ANO2zone(ηa)increased with increasing ORP,i.e.,increasing from 12.0%at-143 mV to22.0%,30.0%,37.0%,and 45.0%at-123,-111,-105 and-95 mV,respectively;(2)the ORP opt as function of influent C/N ratio could be calculated by the equation:y=252.73e(-x/3.39)-131.01;the maximum percentage of phosphorus uptake in ANO2as function of the ORP opt could be calculated by the equation:y=-0.49 e(x/15.58)+1.51.The ORP opt was the important process control parameter that must be optimized for operation of enhanced biological phosphorus removal(EBPR)system.Moreover,ORP sensor is very simple,and the industrial applications of this strategy is practical.
文摘Sairme mineral water, one of the famous mineral waters in Georgia, is renowned for its exceptional healing properties. The distinctiveness and therapeutic benefits of the naturally sourced mineral water, known as “Sairme”, stem from its rich array of microelements, notably including iron and manganese. Since 1948, the bottling of Sairme mineral water has been a prominent activity. Named after the Sairme deposit, this mineral water is packaged in various formats to cater to diverse consumer preferences. The bottling process involves transporting the mineral water from wells to the bottling plant through pipelines. Prior to bottling, the mineral water undergoes meticulous processing stages in adherence to current Georgian and international regulations. This process ensures that the concentration of trace elements in the bottled water is minimized, maintaining its purity and quality. Given the importance of preserving the microelements present in bottled mineral water, our research is dedicated to optimizing the technological process. Our objective is to safeguard the valuable microelements while ensuring the highest standards of quality and safety in the final product.
文摘According to the World Health Organization(WHO),oxidative stress(OS)is a significant contributor to male infertility.SeminalOS can be measured by a number of assays,all of which are either costly or time sensitive and/or require large semen volume andcomplex instrumentation.One less expensive alternative is to quantify the oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)with the MiOXSYS.In this international multi-center study,we assessed whether ORP levels measured by the MiOXSYS could distinguish semensamples that fall within the 2010 WHO normal reference values from those that do not.Semen samples were collected from 2092patients in 9 countries;ORP was normalized to sperm concentration(mV/10^6 sperm/ml).Only those samples with a concentration>1×10^6 sperm ml1 were in eluded.The results showed that 199 samples fell within the WHO no rmal refere nee range while theremaining 1893 samples did not meet one or more of the criteria.ORP was negatively correlated with all semen parameters(P <0.01)except volume.The area under the curve for ORP was 0.765.The ORP cut-off value(1.34 mV/10^6 sperm/ml)was able todifferentiate specimens with abnormal semen parameters with 98.1%sensitivity,40.6%specificity,94.7%positive predictivevalue(PPV)and 66.6%negative predictive value(NPV).When used as an adjunct to traditional semen analysis,ORP levels mayhelp identify altered functional status of spermatozoa caused by OS in cases of idiopathic male infertility and in male partners ofcouples sufferi ng recurre nt pregna ncy loss,and thereby directi ng these men to relevant medical therapies and lifestyle modificati ons.
基金supported by the Environment and Pollution Control Technology Innovation Program,which is one part of the 985 Project at Sun Yat-sen University
文摘To understand the transfer process of soluble reactive phosphorus （SRP） on the lake sediment-water interface in a mesotrophic shallow lake in South China, the SRP concentrations and the oxidation-reduction potential （ORP） across the sediment-water interfaces were continually monitored. Sediment samples were collected from Xinghu Lake in Guangdong Province. The ORP dynamics at different layers of overlying water was similar for six experimental systems, whereas those in porewater were significantly different. The ORP in overlying water was 200-300 mV higher than those in sediments. The oxygen penetration depth ranged from 2 to 10 mm in Xiannu Lake sediments. The variation amplitudes of ORP increased with sediment depth, but the mean ORP values were all about 218 mV. The SRP concentrations in porewater maintained at a low level of about 0.049 mg/L because of high atom ratio of total iron and total manganese to total phosphorus. The SRP concentrations and variation amplitudes in porewater increased with sediment depth. The SRP in overlying water mainly originated from S RP transference of the porewater of middle and bottom sediments （3-15 cm）. The ORP variation and SRP transfer in porewater played important roles in changing SRP concentrations. A distinct SRP concentration gradient appeared in overlying water when intense exchange occurred at the sediment-water interface; therefore, it was necessary to monitor the SRP concentration profiles to accurately estimate the internal loading.
