Predominating stable adsorption and direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase on carbon nanotubes by oxygen-containing groups

Stable adsorption and direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase （COx） occurred on nitric acid （HNO3）-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubcs （MWNTs） instead of as-received MWNTs, demonstrating the critical roles of oxygen-containing groups in stable adsorption and direct electrochemistry of GOx on carbon nanotubcs （CNTs）.

Study on the Formation Mechanism of Oxygen-containing Groups on the Surfaces of Hypercrosslinked Polystyrenes

The synthetic parameters were changed to explore the formation mechanism of the oxygen-containing groups on the surfaces of the hypercrosslinked polymers. The FT-IR spectra and the Boehm titration were used to characterize the surface chemistry of the synthesized polymers. The GC-MS was applied to analyze nitrobenzene which was the solvent in the reaction. The functionalities such as carbonyls and phenols were formed through the oxidation of residual chloromethyl groups by nitrobenzene and the carboxylic groups were formed through further oxidation by oxygen. The nitrobenzene was deoxidized to nitrosobenzene and further to aniline.

Adaptive Event-Triggered Time-Varying Output Group Formation Containment Control of Heterogeneous Multiagent Systems

In this paper,a class of time-varying output group formation containment control problem of general linear hetero-geneous multiagent systems(MASs)is investigated under directed topology.The MAS is composed of a number of tracking leaders,formation leaders and followers,where two different types of leaders are used to provide reference trajectories for movement and to achieve certain formations,respectively.Firstly,compen-sators are designed whose states are estimations of tracking lead-ers,based on which,a controller is developed for each formation leader to accomplish the expected formation.Secondly,two event-triggered compensators are proposed for each follower to evalu-ate the state and formation information of the formation leaders in the same group,respectively.Subsequently,a control protocol is designed for each follower,utilizing the output information,to guide the output towards the convex hull generated by the forma-tion leaders within the group.Next,the triggering sequence in this paper is decomposed into two sequences,and the inter-event intervals of these two triggering conditions are provided to rule out the Zeno behavior.Finally,a numerical simulation is intro-duced to confirm the validity of the proposed results.

SYNTHESIS AND REACTIVITY OF SPIROHYDRIDOPHOSPHORANE CONTAINING α-AMINOACETOXY GROUP

Reaction of glycine with phosphorus trichloride in presence of triethylamine has urnished the ovel spirohydridophosphorane.Its structure has been characterized by elemental analysis,n.m.r.spectra and mass spectrum.The compound reacted with phenylisothiocyanate to give 2-phenyliminothiazolid-5-one.

SINGLE IONIC CONDUCTI0N OF POLYSILOXANE CONTAINING PROPYLENE CARBONATE GROUP AND LITHIUM POLYMERIC SALTS

The polysiloxane containing propylene carbonate side group and several lithium poly-meric salts were synthesized. The structure were confirmed by IR, NMR and XPS. Theblending systems of polysiloxane containing propylene carbonate group with different lithiumpolymeric salts were studied by ion conductivity XPS and DSC. Different lithium poly-meric salts in the blending system lead to conductivity arranged in the following sequence:poly(lithium ethylenebenzene sulfonate methylsiloxane)>poly(lithium propionate methyl-siloxane)>poly(lithium propylsulfonate methylsiloxane)>poly(lithium styrenesulfonate).In the blending system the best single ion conductivity was close to 10^(-5) Scm^(-1) at roomtemperature. XPS showed that at low lithium salt concentration the conductivity increasedwith the increasing content of lithium salt, in consequence of the increase of free ion andsolvent separated ion pair. At high lithium salt concentration the free ion was absent andthe solvent-separated ion pair functioned as carrier.

WATER SOLUBLE DISPERSE DYES CONTAINING CARBOXY-METHYL-SULFONYL GROUP

Water soluble disperse dyes of either monoazo or anthraquinone types containing the carboxymethylsulfonylgroup（-SO2CH2COOH）were synthesized.Ammonium salts of this type of dyes are more soluble thanother salts.These dyes are suitable for pad dyeing or printing on polyester fiber and polyester/cottonblends in either weak acid,neutral or weak alkali medium without a dispersing agent.The formation of-SO2CH3 group from -SO2CH2COOH group after fixing on the fiber was proved.

SYNTHESIS OF ACYCLIC ANALOGS OF BENZOTRIAZOLE AND INDOLE NUCLEOSIDE CONTAINING PERFLUOROALKYL GROUP

1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]benzotriazole and -indole containing perfluoroalkyl group have been synthesized.

Infrared Spectral Studies of Copper-Containing Film on the Steel Sample

Infrared spectral studies of copper-containing film from steel sample (worn in pair with brass in glycerol) friction zone are performed in the study. The protective film formed by the interaction of the friction triad having functional groups typical for macromolecular compounds is shown.

A novel approach to synthesize porous graphene by the transformation and deoxidation of oxygen-containing functional groups

In this study,impurity-free porous graphene(PG) with intrinsic pore structure was synthesized through a facile acid-alkali etching-assisted sonication approach.The pore structure appears on the surface of graphene sheets due to intrinsic defects of graphene.The PG possessed an extremely high specific surface area of 2184 m^2/g,the size of^5 μm and layer numbers of 3-8.Additionally,PG contained micropores and mesopores simultaneously,with an average pore diameter of approximately 3 nm.The effects of acid,alkali,and ultrasound treatment on PG preparation were elucidated by transmission electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.First,in an acidic solution,oxygen-containing functional groups(hydroxyls,carboxyl,and epoxides) were formed due to the hydrolysis of sulfate and continuous transformations of these functional groups on graphene oxide.Second,under the synergistic effects of alkali and ultrasound treatment,PG was obtained due to the loss of carboxyl and epoxide groups.A new route for preparing PG was provided by the proposed method.

Group Hybrid Coordination Control of Multi-Agent Systems With Time-Delays and Additive Noises

A new kind of group coordination control problemgroup hybrid coordination control is investigated in this paper.The group hybrid coordination control means that in a whole multi-agent system(MAS)that consists of two subgroups with communications between them,agents in the two subgroups achieve consensus and containment,respectively.For MASs with both time-delays and additive noises,two group control protocols are proposed to solve this problem for the containment-oriented case and consensus-oriented case,respectively.By developing a new analysis idea,some sufficient conditions and necessary conditions related to the communication intensity betw een the two subgroups are obtained for the following two types of group hybrid coordination behavior:1)Agents in one subgroup and in another subgroup achieve weak consensus and containment,respectively;2)Agents in one subgroup and in another subgroup achieve strong consensus and containment,respectively.It is revealed that the decay of the communication impact betw een the two subgroups is necessary for the consensus-oriented case.Finally,the validity of the group control results is verified by several simulation examples.

热解预处理对昭通褐煤润湿性的影响机制

褐煤的强亲水性为其加工和利用造成了许多不利影响,热解预处理是调控褐煤润湿性的有效方法之一。采用工业分析、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和接触角测量探究了热解预处理对褐煤润湿性的影响机制。热解预处理的温度分别为200℃,300℃,400℃和500℃,时间分别为30 min,60 min,90 min和120 min。结果表明:热解预处理改变了褐煤的化学结构和组成,显著影响了褐煤的润湿性。褐煤的羧基在200℃时开始裂解逸出,并在300℃时基本消失;褐煤的酯基在300℃时开始裂解逸出,并在400℃时基本消失;而褐煤的C—O(醚键、酚和醇)的热稳定性较好,热解预处理后其相对含量略微增加;褐煤的芳碳率随着热解温度和时间的增加而增大,且芳香核尺寸在300℃时开始增大。如果使用热解预处理来减弱褐煤的亲水性,则应确保在较低温度下有足够的热解时间来去除褐煤的含氧官能团,而在较高温度下应使用较短的时间来防止褐煤的有机质过度损失。在300℃(120 min)或400℃(30 min)热解条件下,褐煤的亲水性含氧官能团(羧基或酯基)裂解逸出,且疏水性芳香核尺寸增大,从而使其亲水性显著减弱,接触角由原煤的44.00°分别增大为87.50°和85.75°。然而,在400℃(热解时间大于30 min)和500℃条件下,褐煤的有机质过度损失,导致矿物质或无机质的相对含量增加,使其亲水性仍然较强。

纳米颗粒改变碳酸盐岩凝析气藏储层润湿性评价

为了改变凝析气藏近井储层润湿性,有效解除凝析气反凝析伤害,采用X射线衍射、低温N 2吸附和扫描电子显微镜观测等方法,对氟化SiO 2纳米颗粒结构特征进行了研究,评价了不同矿物含量碳酸盐岩岩心对氟化SiO 2纳米颗粒的吸附程度;通过开展接触角测定、自发渗吸、岩心驱替单相和两相渗流实验,研究了纳米颗粒吸附前后岩石润湿性、自发渗吸效率、单相渗流压差、油气两相相对渗透率曲线以及凝析油采收率的变化。结果显示:氟化SiO 2纳米颗粒形状近似均匀球体,平均颗粒粒径为30.34 nm,平均孔径为20.00 nm;氟化SiO 2纳米颗粒在碳酸盐岩表面的吸附量随孔隙度的增大而增加,但在低渗透岩心中,吸附量和润湿接触角的变化幅度还随方解石含量的增加而增大;纳米颗粒吸附后岩石的油气两相共渗区变宽,等渗点向左上方移动,最大油气相对渗透率均大幅增加,束缚水饱和度和残余油饱和度明显降低;氟化SiO 2纳米颗粒能在约10 min内吸附在岩石表面,将强亲油、强亲水的液体润湿型岩石转变为中间(气体)润湿型,降低孔隙中毛管压力和凝析油渗流阻力,提高气、油两相的相对渗透率,达到解堵提产增效的效果。该研究结果具有极大的现场应用推广价值。

水蒸气在褐煤孔隙中的吸附行为:试验研究与分子动力学模拟

深入理解水在褐煤上的吸附是褐煤干燥提质技术的理论基础之一。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和低温氮吸附/脱附试验分析了褐煤的含氧官能团和孔隙结构,利用水蒸气吸附/脱附试验和分子动力学(MD)模拟探究了水蒸气在褐煤孔隙中的吸附行为。研究结果表明:褐煤样品丰富的含氧官能团和较多的微孔、中孔(孔径约2 nm),为水蒸气提供了吸附位点和吸附场所。水蒸气在煤样上的吸附过程可分为3个阶段。第1阶段,相对蒸气压(P/P_(0))<0.21,水分子直接吸附于含氧官能团上,此时的吸附速度最大;第2阶段(P/P_(0)=0.21~<0.71),水分子与已吸附的水分子相互作用,促使水团簇逐渐生长;第3阶段(P/P_(0)≥0.71),水团簇填充孔隙,并发生毛细凝聚,此时的吸附速度略大于第2阶段。根据Dent模型对水蒸气吸附等温线的拟合结果,吸附类型属于多级吸附,包括初级吸附(第1阶段)和次级吸附(第2、3阶段)。初级吸附能(-48.77 kJ/mol)显著大于水的液化热(E L=-43.99 kJ/mol),而次级吸附能(-42.28 kJ/mol)略小于E L,表明吸附于褐煤的水呈液态。水蒸气脱附过程存在明显的脱附迟滞现象,表明水蒸气吸附稳定,较难去除,其中高压迟滞发生在P/P_(0)≈0.4~0.9,主要由毛细凝聚和“墨水瓶”效应引起;而低压迟滞发生在P/P_(0)<0.4,由水分子与含氧官能团间强相互作用引起。MD模拟结果与水蒸气吸附/脱附等温线分析结果一致,水分子优先吸附在孔隙中,与孔隙壁的含氧官能团形成氢键,且其扩散系数(2.98×10^(-5)cm^(2)/s)与液态水的分子扩散系数相近。

高职大数据专业群实训平台建设研究

在大数据时代,高职大数据技术人才的培养面临诸多机遇和挑战,为了培养满足企业需求的大数据专业人才,高职院校应该抓住机遇,结合本校特点和专业建设实际需求,充分调研并与企业合作共同研究和设计大数据专业群实训平台建设方案,为大数据专业人才的培养提供丰富的教学资源和平台支撑。文章梳理了大数据专业群实训平台建设的思路、途径,构建了实训平台建设方案。教学实践表明,该实训平台在辅助教学、培养学生操作技能等方面起到了很好的作用。

油酸和Span80协同煤油对低阶煤的浮选强化及分子模拟计算

低阶煤表面含有较多含氧基团,可浮性差,采用传统煤油捕收剂不仅药剂消耗大,而且分选效果差。复配捕收剂可以选择性地作用于矿物表面,从而提升浮选效果。以内蒙古色连二矿选煤厂低阶煤为研究对象,考察了传统捕收剂煤油的作用效果,并在此基础上引入含氧有机药剂油酸和Span80与其复配,考察复配药剂对低阶煤浮选的强化作用,并对其作用机理进行分析。结果表明:煤油-油酸和煤油-Span80复配药剂对实验煤样浮选均有促进作用。捕收剂用量为4000 g/t,起泡剂用量为800 g/t时,煤油-Span80复配药剂对应的精煤产率为83.17%,精煤灰分为11.78%,尾煤灰分为69.15%,可燃体回收率达到93.48%,浮选完善指标为42.18%。与煤油和煤油-油酸复配药剂相比,煤油-Span80复配药剂可显著提升尾煤灰分和可燃体回收率,达到了较为理想的分选效果。机理研究结果显示,油酸和Span80与煤油复配,可显著降低药剂在矿浆中的分散粒径,提高其与颗粒的接触概率;同时,油酸和Span80与煤作用,掩蔽了煤样表面的亲水基团,改善了煤样疏水性,使其更易在煤粒表面铺展。模拟计算发现油酸和Span80药剂的前线轨道能隙小于正十二烷(煤油)的前线轨道能隙,煤油-油酸和煤油-Span80复配药剂与煤表面的相互作用能大于正十二烷(煤油)与煤表面的相互作用能,表明复配药剂更具活性,更容易与煤表面发生吸附。

TG-FTIR研究煤油共热解产物逸出行为

煤油共液化过程中煤与重油先发生共热解,而后加氢转化为小分子产品。因此,阐明重油对煤热解逸出产物的影响规律是调控共液化产物组成的重要热化学基础。本研究采用TG-FTIR对比研究塔河渣油(AR)和淖毛湖煤(NMH)单独热解及其共热解过程,结合热解活化能计算,探索共热解过程中塔河渣油(AR)对淖毛湖煤(NMH)热解产物逸出产物的影响。结果表明,单独热解时AR先于NMH发生热解反应。两者1∶1(质量比)混合共热解时,相比于单独热解计算的理论值,最大失重峰温度前移7℃,失重率增加约3%,共热解平均活化能降低23.6 kJ/mol,表明AR率先热解会诱发NMH热解,降低热解反应能垒。TG-FTIR结果显示,AR产生的烷烃类自由基会与NMH热解产生的含氧自由基结合,形成醇、醚等烷基类含氧有机化合物,从而抑制煤中羧基转化为CO_(2)的过程。研究结果有助于揭示共液化反应过程中重油对煤液化产物组成的影响。

新型含氟聚酰胺酰亚胺的合成与性能

由于芳香族聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)的溶解性较低,限制了其在溶液加工方法中的应用。为了提高PAI的溶液加工性、降低溶剂使用成本并提高热性能,研究了三苯环结构和氟取代对PAI的性能影响,以苯甲醛和对三氟甲基苯甲醛与2,6-二甲基苯胺为原料,合成了新的二胺化合物4-[(4-氨基-3,5-二甲基苯基)苯基甲基]-2,6-二甲基苯胺(ADPD)、4-[(4-氨基-3,5-二甲基苯基)[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]甲基]-2,6-二甲基苯胺(ADFPD),再与偏苯三酸酐酰氯合成了含新结构的PAI。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱等对单体和聚合物进行表征,通过分析证明成功合成新型PAI;采用差示扫描量热分析、热重分析、水接触角、溶解性能测试对PAI性能进行了表征。结果表明,制备的聚合物均具有良好的热稳定性能和溶解性,玻璃化转变温度大于300℃,在氮气的环境下5%热失重温度在430℃及以上,最大热失重温度在600℃以上;在类似化学结构上,对比未引入—CF_(3)的PAI-1和引入—CF_(3)的PAI-2的测试结果,发现PAI-2在溶解性和热性能上均优于PAI-1,并且能够明显降低聚合物的表面能,表明—CF_(3)能够有效提高PAI的部分性能。

电极尺寸对射流等离子体放电的影响及其在涤纶亲水研究中的应用

大气压脉冲介质阻挡放电射流等离子体中,羟基活性粒子的生成和调控对于等离子体在材料表面改性方面的应用具有重要意义,而羟基活性粒子的形成和调控又与放电结构密切相关。研究了接地电极宽度对大气压脉冲放电射流等离子体的影响:通过改变接地电极宽度,探究其对射流长度、放电强度的影响;通过增强型电荷耦合器件(ICCD)对放电时空演化进行分析;通过发射光谱分析放电产生的特征谱线。结果表明:当接地电极的宽度为1.5 cm时,射流长度最长;在射流3 mm处,有较强的羟基活性粒子浓度。利用大气压脉冲射流等离子体处理涤纶织物表面,验证了气相等离子体中羟基含氧基团与涤纶表面亲水处理效果的正相关性,为等离子体中活性粒子的控制和开发工业用等离子体源提供了参考。

含苯磺酸侧基杂萘联苯聚醚砜纳滤膜的制备与性能

将含苯磺酸侧基杂萘联苯聚醚砜(SPPES-P-H)浸泡于氯化钠溶液中得到含苯磺酸钠侧基杂萘联苯聚醚砜(SPPES-P-Na),采用涂覆法制备含苯磺酸侧基杂萘联苯聚醚砜复合纳滤膜,考察聚合物浓度、热处理条件对复合纳滤膜性能的影响.结果表明,SPPES-P-Na复合纳滤膜的通量高于SPPES-P-H复合纳滤膜的通量;当SPPES-P-Na的质量分数为1.5%,热处理温度为100℃,热处理时间为30 min时,复合膜的水通量达到58.0 L/(m^(2)·h),Na_(2)SO_(4)的脱盐率为89.0%;当操作温度为95℃时,复合膜的水通量为205.0 L/(m^(2)·h),对Na_(2)SO_(4)的脱盐率为82.0%,表现出良好的耐热性;将复合膜在质量浓度0.2 g/L的次氯酸钠溶液中浸泡10 d,性能无明显变化,表现出优异的耐氯性.

含铂族金属铁合金碱焙烧脱硅预处理研究

针对含铂族金属铁合金结构复杂、难以溶解的问题,开展碱焙烧脱硅预处理研究以破坏稳定致密的合金结构。经试验验证,适宜的焙烧条件为:碱料质量比1.4、焙烧温度600℃、焙烧时间2.0 h,此条件下合金相完全分解,转化为NaFeO_(2)和Na_(4)SiO_(4),Na_(4)SiO_(4)经水浸脱除,所得水浸渣中硅含量降至0.84%。脱硅预处理后物料结构疏松、活性较高,易于酸溶除铁,有利于铂族金属精炼回收。