Some Inequalities for the L_p-polar Curvature Images of Star Bodies

Zhu,Lü and Leng extended the concept of L_p-polar curvature image. We continuously study the L_p-polar curvature image and mainly expound the relations between the volumes of star bodies and their L_p-polar curvature images in this article. We first establish the L_p-affine isoperimetric inequality associated with L_p-polar curvature image. Secondly,we give a monotonic property for L_p-polar curvature image. Finally, we obtain an interesting equation related to L_p-projection body of L_p-polar curvature image and L_p-centroid body.

Experimental Study on Full-Surface Buckling of Variable Curvature Cylindrical Shell Using Multi-camera 3D-DIC System

To achieve full-surface strain measurement of variable curvature objects,a 360°3D digital image correlation(DIC)system is proposed.The measurement system consists of four double-camera systems,which capture the object’s entire surface from multiple angles,enabling comprehensive full-surface measurement.To increase the stitching quality,a hierarchical coordinate matching method is proposed.Initially,a 3D rigid body calibration auxiliary block is employed to track motion trajectory,which enables preliminary matching of four 3D-DIC sub-systems.Subsequently,secondary precise matching is performed based on feature points on the test specimen’s surface.Through the hierarchical coordinate matching method,the local 3D coordinate systems of each double-camera system are unified into a global coordinate system,achieving 3D surface reconstruction of the variable curvature cylindrical shell,and error analysis is conducted on the results.Furthermore,axial compression buckling experiment is conducted to measure the displacement and strain fields on the cylindrical shell’s surface.The experimental results are compared with the finite element analysis,validating the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed multi-camera 3D-DIC measuring system.

INEQUALITIES FOR L_p-MIXED CURVATURE IMAGES

Lutwak, Yang, and Zhang posed the notion of Lp-curvature images and established several Lp analogs of the affne isoperimetric inequality. In this article, the notion of Lp-mixed curvature images is introduced, Lp-curvature images being a special case. The properties and Lp analogs of the affne isoperimetric inequality are established for Lp-mixed curvature images.

Water Gauge Image Denoising Model Based on Improved Adaptive Total Variation

As an important part of water level warning in water conservancy projects,often due to the influence of environmental factors such as light and stains,the acquired water gauge images have sticky,broken and bright spot conditions,which affect the identification of water gauges.To solve this problem,a water gauge image denoising model based on improved adaptive total variation is proposed.Firstly,the regular term exponent in the adaptive total variational equation is changed to an inverse cosine function;secondly,the differential curvature is used to distinguish the image noise points and increase the smoothing strength at the noise points;finally,according to the characteristics of the gradient mode and adaptive gradient threshold after Gaussian filtering,the New model can adaptively denoise in the smooth area and protect the edge area,so as to have the characteristics of both edge-preserving denoising.The experimental results show that the new model has a great improvement in image vision,higher iteration efficiency and an average increase of 1.6 dB in peak signal-to-noise ratio,and an average increase of 9%in structural similarity,which is more beneficial to practical applications.

An improved detail enhancement algorithm based on difference curvature and contrast field

The gradient image is always sensitive to noise in image detail enhancement. To overcome this shortage, an improved detail enhancement algorithm based on difference curvature and contrast field is proposed. Firstly, the difference curvature is utilized to determine the amplification coefficient instead of the gradient. This new amplification function of the difference curvature takes more neighboring points into account, it is therefore not sensitive to noise. Secondly, the contrast field is nonlinearly amplified according to the new amplification coefficient. And then, with the enhanced contrast field, we construct the energy functional. Finally, the enhanced image is reconstructed by the variational method. Experimental results of standard testing image and industrial X-ray image show that the proposed algorithm can perform well on increasing contrast and sharpening edges of images while suppressing noise at the same time.

Analysis of dynamic smile and upper lip curvature in young Chinese

During smile evaluation and anterior esthetic construction,the anatomic and racial variations should be considered in order to achieve better matching results.The aims of this study were to validate an objective method for recording spontaneous smile process and to categorize the smile and upper lip curvature of Chinese Han-nationality youth.One hundred and eighty-eight Chinese Han-nationality youths(88 males and 100 females) ranged from 20 to 35 years of age were selected.Spontaneous smiles were elicited by watching comical movies and the dynamics of the spontaneous smile were captured continuously with a digital video camera.All subjects’ smiles were categorized into three types:commissure,cuspid and gummy smile based on video editing software and final images.Subjects’ upper lip curvatures were also measured and divided into three groups:upward,straight and downward.Reliability analysis was conducted to obtain intra-rater reliabilities on twice measurements.The Pearson Chi-square test was used to compare differences for each parameters(α=0.05).In smile classification,60.6%commissure smile,33.5%cuspid smile and 5.9%gummy smile were obtained.In upper lip measurement,26.1%upward,39.9%straight and 34.0%downward upper lip curvature were determined.The commissure smile group showed statistically significant higher percentage of straight(46.5%) and upward(40.4%) in upper lip curvatures(P<0.05),while cuspid smile group(65.1%) and gummy smile group(72.7%) showed statistically significant higher frequency in downward upper lip curvature(P<0.05).It is evident that differences in upper lip curvature and smile classification exist based on race,when comparing Chinese subjects with those of Caucasian descent,and gender.

基于spin image的人脸点云特征定位

展示一个三维人脸点云特征点定位方法。通过HK(平均曲率和高斯曲率)这一曲面形状描述方法,划分人脸特征点候选区域,对特征点形成的旋转图像(spin image)进行比较,实现任意姿态下的鼻尖点和左右内眼角点的定位。原始的旋转图像算法计算量太大,运算时间过长,无法获得实际应用,在原算法的基础上,只对筛选出来的少量重要特征点进行区域曲面重构,避免大量无意义的点运算,提高旋转图像算法的实时性能。在GavabDB数据库上的实验结果表明,该方法最高获得了95.37%的识别率,对姿态、表情变化具有一定的鲁棒性。

Wavelet Transform Approach to Segment Thermal Image

An efficient multi-threshold approach to segment thermal image is given based on wavelet transform. The gray-level histogram of original image is obtained. In order to reduce the effect of noise, the gray-level histogram is smoothed by Bezier curve and Bezier histogram is obtained. One dimension stationary wavelet transform is done to the curvature curve of Bezier histogram. Positions of peak values of curvature curve in wavelet domain are adjusted from 'fine-to-coarse' at all scales. The gray level values, which are located in adjusted peak values at all scales, are considered as segmentation thresholds. The gray level values of valley between peaks are considered as quantity gray levels. Optimal segmentation scale is obtained by a cost criterion. The results of experiment show that a target can be segmented effectively from complex background in thermal image by new approach.

GEOMETRIC PROPERTIES FOR GAUSSIAN IMAGE OF SUBMANIFOLDS IN S^(n+p)(1)

The geometric properties for Gaussian image of submanifolds in a sphere are investigated. The computation formula, geometric equalities and inequalities for the volume of Gaussian image of certain submanifolds in a sphere are obtained.

Curvature range measurements of the arcuate fasciculus using diffusion tensor tractography

Because Broca＇s area and Wernicke＇s area in the brain are connected by the arcuate fasciculus, understanding the anatomical location and morphometry of the arcuate fasciculus can help in the treatment of patients with aphasia. We measured the horizontal and vertical curvature ranges of the arcuate fasciculus in both hemispheres in 12 healthy subjects using diffusion tensor tractography. In the right hemisphere, the direct curvature range and indirect curvature range values of the arcuate fasciculus horizontal part were 121.13 ± 5.89 and 25.99 ± 3.01 degrees, respectively, and in the left hemisphere, the values were 121.83 ± 5.33 and 27.40 ± 2.96 degrees, respectively. In the right hemisphere, the direct curvature range and indirect curvature range values of the arcuate fasciculus vertical part were 43.97 ± 7.98 and 30.15 ± 3.82 degrees, respectively, and in the left hemisphere, the values were 39.39 ± 4.42 and 24.08 ± 4.34 degrees, respectively. We believe that the measured curvature ranges are important data for localization and quantitative assessment of specific neuronal pathways in patients presenting with arcuate fasciculus abnormalities.

PRODUCT IMAGE RETRIEVAL BASED ON CO-FEATURES OF THE OBJECT

In this paper, we propose a product image retrieval method based on the object contour corners, image texture and color. The product image mainly highlights the object and its background is very simple. According to these characteristics, we represent the object using its contour, and detect the corners of contour to reduce the number of pixels. Every corner is described using its approximate curvature based on distance. In addition, the Block Difference of Inverse Probabilities (BDIP) and Block Variation of Local Correlation (BVLC) texture features and color moment are extracted from image's HIS color space. Finally, dynamic time warping method is used to match features with different length. In order to demonstrate the effect of the proposed method, we carry out experiments in Mi-crosoft product image database, and compare it with other feature descriptors. The retrieval precision and recall curves show that our method is feasible.

于氏丛刺联合颈椎扳法治疗神经根型颈椎病疗效观察

目的探讨于氏头穴丛刺联合颈椎定位旋转扳法治疗神经根型颈椎病(CSR)的疗效及对颈肌MRI影像学指标、颈椎生理曲度变化的影响。方法选取2022年1月—2023年1月医院收治的110例CSR患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组、观察组,各55例,对照组给予口服西药+曲度牵引治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上给予颈椎定位旋转扳法联合于氏头穴丛刺治疗。4周后比较颈肌MRI指标、颈椎生理曲度变化、颈椎功能与疼痛情况,评估治疗效果。结果治疗4周后,观察组左侧、右侧胸锁乳突肌长径与短径均较短(P<0.05),左侧、右侧斜方肌长径与短径均较长(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,观察组患者C_(2)~C_(7)Cobb角均大于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,观察组颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗4周后,观察组临床有效率高于对照组(96.36%vs 85.45%,P<0.05)。结论在口服西药+曲度牵引治疗的基础上结合于氏头穴丛刺+颈椎定位旋转扳法,有利于改善CSR患者颈肌MRI影像学指标,促进颈椎生理曲度恢复,改善颈椎功能障碍与疼痛情况,提升治疗效果。

数字图像处理在结构优化结果提取中的应用

结构优化结果的提取和应用主要考虑如何有效地将优化结果转化为可用的CAD模型,实现CAE和CAD之间的数据共享和模型转换。基于数字图像原理提取轮廓范围及像素点坐标,根据相邻点坐标计算离散曲率,并根据曲率值对构件的边缘形状进行分类,得到拓扑优化结果。该方法提高了拓扑优化结果的精度和可用性及提取的效率,减少了人为因素的干扰,提取的模型更符合实际,有助于更好地理解和分析拓扑优化结果,对拓扑优化后处理的结果提取轮廓重构及成果应用有一定参考作用。

颈椎中立位核磁共振检查对突出颈椎间盘体积及颈椎曲度的影响

背景:颈椎中立位MRI被广泛应用于脊髓型颈椎病的诊断和治疗,但患者在重复进行颈椎MRI检查时,头颈部不可能保持完全相同的姿势,患者颈椎被床面限制于某一个特定位置,颈椎可能有矢状面内的微小伸屈运动,头部也可能发生一定的仰屈度变化。颈椎中立位状态下颈椎和头部的这种变化是否会影响突出颈椎间盘的体积和颈椎曲度目前尚不清楚。目的:采用人工智能辅助测量,分析脊髓型颈椎病患者短期内2次颈椎中立位状态下MRI检查突出颈椎间盘体积、颈椎曲度测量的精准性与可靠性。方法:回顾性分析2012年6月至2023年6月接受保守治疗并在3个月内2次行颈椎MRI检查的脊髓型颈椎病患者。作者首次提出使用枕胸间距和枕胸角来评估颈椎中立位时头部仰屈度的变化,并参照首诊枕胸角的角度,将复诊患者分为枕胸角增大组和减小组。通过人工智能测量软件辅助或人工测量突出颈椎间盘的体积、C2-6 Cobb角及颈椎(C3-C7)曲率。正态分布数据用x-±s表示,非正态分布数据用中位数(四分位数间距)表示。采用Spearman秩相关系数分析Cobb角、颈椎(C3-C7)曲率变化与突出颈椎间盘体积变化的相关性。结果与结论:①共有104例脊髓型颈椎病患者,326个突出颈椎间盘,枕胸角增大组及枕胸角减小组分别有47例和57例患者;②头部仰屈指标:首诊和复诊时,枕胸间距、枕胸角均无显著差异;枕胸间距的变化量为0.035(3.23)mm,枕胸角变化量为-0.31(3.28)°,枕胸间距与枕胸角的变化量偏移范围较小,且无显著相关性;③颈椎曲度指标:首诊和复诊时,C2-6 Cobb角、C3-C7曲率无显著差异;枕胸角增大组和减小组C2-6 Cobb角、C3-C7曲率均无显著差异;④首诊和复诊时,突出颈椎间盘体积无显著差异;枕胸角增大组及减小组突出颈椎间盘体积均无显著差异;突出颈椎间盘体积的变化量与C2-6 Cobb角、C3-C7曲率的变化量无显著相关性;⑤结果说明,颈椎中立位状态下,颈椎被(床板)限制于某一个特定位置有可以忽略不计的矢状面内微小伸屈运动,头部虽存在一定范围的仰屈度变化,颈椎中立位状态下颈椎与头部这些变化不影响突出颈椎间盘体积、C2-6 Cobb角及颈椎(C3-C7)曲率等参数测量的精准度与可靠性。

一种改进的小组立工件图像处理算法

针对三维相机拍摄得到的小组立复杂结构件点云数据,建立小组立焊接机器人的整体视觉算法系统。在处理点云图像时,发现阴影和常规点云滤波方法可能会破坏模型,因此采用离群滤波算法对点云数据进行清理,估计提取的特征向量,并结合曲率滤波算法去除小范围阴影噪声平面。经过设备调试和生产验证,成功剔除噪声点,并有效保留三维模型的尖锐特征,为后续点云配准和三维重建提供基础。整个小组立三维相机处理系统可涵盖大部分小组立复杂结构件,这一研究成果可为船厂小组立焊缝识别视觉系统的设计提供有益参考。

孕中晚期宫内胎儿脊柱腰骶段曲度变化的MRI研究

目的探讨宫内胎儿脊柱腰骶段曲度随孕龄增长的变化规律。方法选取MRI证实腰骶椎体未见异常的胎儿63例,分为四组:24~27周、28~30周、31~34周、35~37周。测量参数:腰椎前凸角(lumbar lordosis angle,LLA)、腰骶前凸角(lumbosacral lordosis angle,LSLA)、骶骨倾斜角(sacral tilt,ST)、骶骨水平倾角(sacral inclination angle,SIA)。比较参数的差异性及相关性;绘制参数生长趋势图;建立线性回归方程。结果24~37周胎儿LLA值为(-20.5±9.1)°、LSLA值为(174.0±2.3)°、ST值为(-12.5±19.4)°、SIA值为(-19.5±17.8)°。参数均无性别差异;LLA与ST、SIA均呈正相关;ST与SIA呈正相关;LSLA与ST呈正相关;孕周与参数不相关。线性回归方程为LLA=0.219×ST-19.205(R^(2)=0.251,P<0.001)。结论胎儿腰椎后凸、65%胎儿骶骨前凸,胎儿有轻微腰骶前凸。推测胎儿骶骨进化是以S1为中心逐渐向后方旋转移动。

基于空间域和曲率域多特征信息的红外图像增强算法研究

为了改善红外图像的成像质量,文章提出一种基于空间域和曲率域多特征信息的红外图像增强算法。该算法在隐式地使用曲率域信息的同时,结合空间域灰度信息,一方面,曲率域内进行图像重构,在达到很好的保持边缘和细节的效果的同时,保证了算法的效率;另一方面,在空间域利用全局信息构造出增强方程,能显著增强图像对比度。实验结果表明,相较于已有的空间域及梯度域图像增强算法,该算法既能有效增强对比度又能保持边缘和细节信息,算法效率显著提高。

高斯曲率与波域LMS算法相结合的图像去噪扩散模型

本文在充分研究传统PM模型的基础上,针对传统模型在模糊边缘细节等信息的不足,先利用图像的几何属性将高斯曲率作为检测算子引入到扩散模型中,将它作为扩散系数来保护边缘控制扩散,从而建立基于高斯曲率的图像去噪模型。考虑到噪声和图像的重要特征都集中在图像的高频部分,再采用小波变换进行小波分解,提取图像的高频部分,在小波域中运用最小均方误差(LMS)算法设计自适应阈值,进一步控制上述新扩散模型的扩散强度,提升去噪效果,建立基于高斯曲率与最小均方误差法的波域PM改进模型,最后将低频部分和经过新模型处理的高频部分进行小波重构,得到最终的去噪图像。实验结果表明,本文方法不仅能够有效去除图像噪声,同时也提升了对重要信息的保护。

多层螺旋CT三维重建技术在特发性脊柱侧弯诊断中的准确性及影像学表现分析

目的 分析在特发性脊柱侧弯诊断中运用多层螺旋CT三维重建技术的准确性和影像学表现。方法 纳入本院2022年1月至12月拟诊为特发性脊柱侧弯的29例患者作为此次分析对象,各自对患者进行多层螺旋CT三维重建技术和磁共振成像检查,并分析多层螺旋CT三维重建技术及磁共振成像诊断特发性脊柱侧弯疾病的准确性和影像学表现。结果 29例受检者中确诊为特发性脊柱性侧弯患者有20例,6例脊髓病变者由磁共振成像检查发现,3例隐匿性椎体畸形者由多层螺旋CT三维重建技术检查发现。29例患者Cobb′s角在21°~90°,平均Cobb′s角为(32±10)°。多层螺旋CT三维重建技术图像比磁共振成像检查影像图像更好。结论在特发性脊柱侧弯诊断中运用多层螺旋CT三维重建技术的准确性较高,诊断结果准确,图像清晰,分辨率高。

用于材料变形测量的数字图像相关方法

为解决传统的三维数字图像相关方法在测量复杂材料变形上的局限性,介绍了二维、三维数字图像相关方法、连续布置的多相机数字图像相关方法及两种方式的相机布置。多个具有一定重叠视场的相机同时进行标定,形成一个测量连续全表面变形的整体三维测量系统。通过对有大曲率的钢筋套筒表面变形进行多相机全局测量,验证多相机数字图像相关方法的有效性。研究结果表明,连续布置的多相机数字图像相关方法在材料变形测量中是一种可靠的三维全场变形测量方法。