HYPERMETHYLATION OF p14^(ARF) PROMOTER REGION AND EXPRESION OF p14^(ARF) GENE PRODUCT IN NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER

Objective： This study was designed to investigate promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in non-small cell lung cancer, and value the role of p14^ARF promoter methylation in carcinogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer. Methods： Promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in 40 cases of non-small cell lung cancer were analyzed by methylation specific polymerase china reaction （MSP）, restriction enzyme-related polymerase chain reaction （RE-PCR） and immunohistochemistry （IHC）. Results： The positive rates of p14^ARF promoter methylation in tumor tissues and normal tissues adjacent to cancer were 17.5% （7/40） and 2.5% （1/40） respectively. There were statistically significant differences between them, P〈0.05. The results of RE-PCR were consistent with that of MSP. The expression rate of p14^ARF protein in tumor tissues was significantly lower than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer, p〈0.01. Promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in non-small cell lung cancer showed significantly an inverse correlation （r=-0.56, P〈0.01）, and both of them did not relate statistically with the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients such as histological classification, clinical stage, differentiation grade and lymph node involvement. Conclusion： Promoter methylation is a crucial mechanism of inactivation of p14^ARF gene. Promoter methylation of p14^ARF gene might he involved in carcinogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer, and is an early event in development process of non-small cell lung cancer. It might be used as a new target in gene treatments in the future.

非小细胞肺癌中pokemon表达与p14^(ARF)、bcl-2的相关性及对预后的影响

目的:探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)组织中pokemon表达和p14ARF、bcl-2表达的关系及其对NSCLC临床病理特征和预后的判定价值。方法:应用SP免疫组织化学方法检测pokemon和p14ARF、bcl-2三种蛋白在62例NSCLC肿瘤组织及20例癌旁正常组织中的表达,分析它们与NSCLC病理学特征的关系,以及pokemon与p14ARF、bcl-2的相关性,并结合随访资料观察上述蛋白表达对NSCLC长期预后的影响。结果:正常肺组织中未见pokemon蛋白表达,p14ARF和bcl-2蛋白阳性表达率分别为95.0%和15.0%;在NSCLC组织中pokemon、p14ARF和bcl-2阳性表达率分别为72.6%、66.1%和53.2%。Pokemon表达与p14ARF表达呈负相关(r=-0.287,P<0.05),与bcl-2表达呈正相关(r=0.293,P<0.05)。Pokemon和p14ARF的表达与TNM分期相关(P<0.05),bcl-2表达与病理分型相关(P<0.05)。Pokemon与bcl-2表达阳性组的5年生存率分别为10.95%和13.74%,显著低于阴性组(P<0.05);p14ARF表达阳性组的5年生存率为21.68%,显著高于阴性组(P<0.05)。结论:NSCLC组织中存在pokemon和p14ARF、bcl-2的表达,pokemon表达与p14ARF表达呈负相关、与bcl-2表达呈正相关,它们对NSCLC的预后评估有一定的临床意义。

The therapy and mechanisms of replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus Ad-p14ARF in hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective: To study the therapeutic effect and mechanisms of recombinant adenovirus Ad-p14ARF in hepatocel- lular carcinoma cell lines. Methods: Morphology and trypan blue assay were adopted to evaluate the proliferation of different liver cancer cells after Ad-p14ARF infection. Cell apoptosis was confirmed by detecting phosphatidylserine (PS) externaliza- tion with Annexin V/PI double staining. Western blotting assay analyzed the expression of related proteins. Subcutaneous tumor model of BEL7402 was established to evaluate the therapeutic ability of Ad-p14ARF. Results: Ad-p14ARF suppressed cell growth, proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis of cancer cell lines with different genetic background. Ad-p14ARF in- hibited growth of liver cancer cells (HepG2, BEL7402) in a dose-dependent manner. Ad-p14ARF leaded to overexpression of Bax and p21, which were the downstream regulating genes of p53. Ad-p14ARF suppressed tumor growth significantly in the experimental therapy in nude mice bearing subcutaneous tumor of BEL7402. Conclusion: P14ARF gene is a powerful tumor suppressor gene to be used in cancer gene therapy. It may play an important role in gene therapy against the malignancies in the future.

Relationship between alterations of p16^( INK4a) and p14^(ARF) genes of CDKN2A locus and gastric carcinogenesis

Objective To investigate the relationship between alterations of p16 INK4a and p14 ARF genes and gastric carcinogenesis Methods The tumors and neighboring gastric tissues from 48 patients with gastric cancer were studied The homozygous deletion, mutation, methylation of the CpG islands, and mRNA expression of p16 INK4a and p14 ARF genes were assessed by PCR, PCR SSCP, PCR based methylation assay, and RT PCR Results ① The homozygous deletion rate of p16 INK4a and p14 ARF was 35 4% (17/48), and no homozygous deletion was examined in any gastric tissue neighboring the tumor ② There was no point mutation of p16 INK4a and p14 ARF in 31 gastric cancers without homozygous deletion or in the matched gastric tissues adjacent to the tumor ③ Methylation of the CpG islands of p16 INK4a and p14 ARF was detected in 47 9% (23/48) of gastric cancers, while methylation was observed only in 2 of 48 gastric tissues neighboring the cancer with a significant difference ( P <0 01) ④ The loss rate of p16 INK4a mRNA was 47 9% (23/48) in gastric cancer, and the patients of the combined methylation of exons 1α and 2 had a higher loss rate (100%, 6/6) of p16 INK4a mRNA than those of the methylation of the other exons (11 8%, 2/17, P <0 01); the loss rate of p14 ARF mRNA was 45 8%(22/48) in gastric cancer, and patients with the combined methylation of exons 1β and 2 had a higher loss rate (100%, 3/3) of p14 ARF mRNA than those of the methylation of the other exons (15%, 3/20, P <0 05) ⑤ The combined loss of p16 INK4a and p14 ARF mRNAs was examined in 1 (5 6%) of 18 patients of well and moderately differentiated carcinomas, and 11 (36 7%) of 30 patients of poorly and not differentiated carcinomas with a significant difference ( P <0 05) Conclusion p16 INK4a and p14 ARF genes are frequently inactivated by homozygous deletion and methylation of the 5'CpG islands in gastric cancer, which may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer

Association of TSHR gene intron 1 and 4p14 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and gene-gene interactions with Graves' disease

Objective To identify the association of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor(TSHR)gene intron 1 susceptible loci and 4p14 susceptible locus rs6832151 polymorphisms with Graves’disease(GD)in Han Chinese population in Bengbu,Anhui,China.The gene-gene interaction among TSHR intron 1 susceptible loci and 4p14susceptible locus rs6832151 was also investigated.Methods The genotypes of the single-nucleotide polymor-

耐氟康唑白念珠菌ERG11的基因突变

目的 研究国内临床耐氟康唑白念珠菌的吡咯类药物作用靶酶———细胞色素P 45 0羊毛固醇 14 α脱甲基酶的基因ERG11突变。方法 用酶消化和碱裂解法抽提基因组DNA ,PCR扩增ERG11基因的读码框片段 ,将目的片段与PBS载体 (BluscriptM 13)连接 ,重组体转入DH5α中 ,从而测定序列。结果 在 15株耐药菌中共发现了 12个有义点突变、17个无义点突变和一个菌株的部分移码。 12个有义点突变的氨基酸变异是F72L、D81G、D116E、K12 8T、Y132H、E2 6 6D、D2 94G、S36 1P、M 374V、P386L、H40 0R和Q474K ,突变主要靠近羧基端 ;而敏感株的氨基酸变异为F72L、K12 8T和E2 6 6D ,靠近氨基端。耐药株的D2 94G、S36 1P、M374V、P386L、H40 0R和Q474K氨基酸变异与文献报道不同。结论 耐药株和敏感株的点突变不同 ,D2 94G、S36 1P、M374V、P386L、H40 0R和Q474K变异位点可能与耐药性有关 ,做整段编码基因的功能表达 。

肥胖及2型糖尿病患者脂肪组织视黄醇结合蛋白4 mRNA的表达及调控

目的 研究肥胖及2型糖尿病患者皮下和腹内脂肪组织视黄醇结合蛋白4（RBP4）mRNA的表达差异,并探讨影响其表达调控的因素.方法 选取2007年1-6月因非代谢性疾病而接受腹部择期手术的正常体重正常糖调节、单纯肥胖、2型糖尿病患者各9例,取皮下和腹内脂肪组织,用RT-PCR法检测RBP4 mRNA的表达,并在体外对正常体重正常糖调节者腹内脂肪组织分别与一定浓度的胰岛素、地塞米松、棕榈酸、肿瘤坏死因子-α、吡咯列酮共培养,用RT-PCR法检测药物对腹内脂肪组织RBP4 mRNA表达的变化.结果 肥胖和2型糖尿病患者腹内脂肪RBP4 mRNA的表达均显著高于正常体重正常糖调节者（分别为2.10±1.84和1.54±0.46比0.75±0.28,P＜0.01和P＜0.05）,并明显高于相应的皮下脂肪组织;3组人群间皮下脂肪组织RBP4 mRNA的表达差异无统计学意义（1.05±0.15比0.99±0.14比1.13±0.07,P＞0.05）;药物胰岛素、地塞米松、吡咯列酮、棕榈酸能显著上调RBP4 mRNA的表达,与对照组相比,分别上升了2.13、0.84、2.04、4.88倍;肿瘤坏死因子-α显著下调RBP4 mRNA的表达,较对照组下降了38%.结论 肥胖和2型糖尿病患者腹内脂肪组织RBP4 mRNA的表达显著上升,正常体重正常糖调节者腹内脂肪组织RBP4 mRNA的表达受胰岛素、地塞米松等多种参与糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗因素的调控.