Ameliorative Effects of Paclobutrazol via Physio-Biochemical and Molecular Manifestation in Rice under Water Deficit Stress

To comprehensively explore the physio-biochemical and molecular changes of paclobutrazol(PBZ) at the ideal dose under water deficit stress(WDS) conditions, we investigated the effects of 100 mg/kg PBZ applied via drenching on various physio-biochemical and molecular parameters in three rice varieties(N22, IR64, and IR64 DTY1.1) under both mild [75%-80% relative water content(RWC)] and severe(60%-65% RWC) WDS conditions. The results showed that PBZ treatment positively influenced the physio-biochemical parameters, significantly increasing dry matter(16.27%-61.91%), RWC(6.48%-16.34%), membrane stability index(4.37%-10.35%), and total chlorophyll content(8.97%-29.09%) in the rice varieties under both mild and severe WDS. Moreover, PBZ treatment reduced drought susceptibility(0.83-0.95) and enhanced drought tolerance efficiency(60.92%-86.78%), indicating its potential as a stress-mitigating agent. Global methylation analysis revealed changes in DNA methylation patterns, indicating the regulatory influence of PBZ on gene expression. The expression analysis of genes involved in the diversification of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate towards the biosynthesis of abscisic acid, gibberellin acid, and chlorophyll showed alterations in their expression levels, suggesting the involvement of PBZ in the isoprenoid pathway. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the potential mechanisms by which PBZ modulates physiological and molecular responses in rice plants under WDS. The findings highlight the importance of PBZ as a promising agent for enhancing drought tolerance in rice and offer valuable information for future research in crop stress management.

Paclobutrazol induces the concurrent accumulation of chrysolaminarin and lipids in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Paclobutrazol is a plant growth regulator and inhibitor of endogenous gibberellin synthesis.It is a powerful inhibitor of vegetative growth by changing the photosynthetic rate and plant hormone levels,thereby affecting plant growth and development.In this study,the effects of paclobutrazol on the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum were investigated.Results show that 2.5-mg/L and 10-mg/L paclobutrazol significantly inhibited the algal growth by inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis,which affects photosynthesis.The antioxidant system,including catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GPx)was severely damaged.Chrysolaminarin content was significantly elevated and doubled up to 127 mg/g dry cell weight(DCW)by 10-mg/L paclobutrazol treatment.In combination with transcriptomic analysis,paclobutrazol was demonstrated to play a regulatory role in the accumulation of chrysolaminarin and neutral lipids.

Effects of paclobutrazol application on plant architecture,lodging resistance,photosynthetic characteristics,and peanut yield at different single-seed precise sowing densities

The key to high-yielding peanut cultivation is the optimization of agricultural production practices.Regulating single-seed precise sowing(SSPS)density and paclobutrazol(Pbz)application concentration are effective practices that increase peanut yield by improving plant architecture,lodging resistance,and photosynthetic characteristics.Therefore,we conducted a two-factor field optimization experiment for the sowing density(D1:1.95×10^(5)plants ha^(-1),D52:2.40×10plants ha^(-1),D3:2.85×10^(5)plants ha^(-1),and D4:3.30×10^(5)plants ha^(-1))and Pbzapplication concentration(P0:0 mg L^(-1)and P1:100 mg L^(-1)).The objective was to optimize agricultural production practices and provide a theoretical basis for highyielding peanut cultivation by evaluating the effects of sowing density and Pbzapplication on plant architecture,lodging resistance,photosynthetic characteristics,and yield.The results showed that at the same Pbzapplication concentration,increasing sowing density increased lodging percentage and reduced leaf photosynthetic capacity.At the same sowing density,Pbzapplication reduced lodging percentage by decreasing plant height(PH),improving lignin biosynthesis-related enzyme activities,and enhancing stem puncture strength(SPS)and breaking strength(SBS).The paclobutrazol-induced alterations in plant architecture and lodging resistance improved light transmission at the middle and bottom leaf strata,resulting in the increase in relative chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of leaves.Furthermore,D3P1treatment had the highest peanut yield among all treatments.In summary,the production strategy combining the sowing density of 2.85×10^(5)plants ha^(-1)with the application of100 mg L^(-1)Pbzwas found to be the optimal agricultural production practice for giving full play to production potential and achieving higher peanut yield.

Effects of Different Concentrations of Paclobutrazol on Seedling Quality of Small Seedless Watermelon in Autumn

[Objectives]The paper was to explore the effects of different concentrations of paclobutrazol on seedling quality of small seedless watermelon in autumn.[Methods]The leaves of watermelon seedlings were sprayed with 30,50,80 and 120 mg/L paclobutrazol at cotyledon expansion stage,and those sprayed with tap water were used as control.[Results]All the treatments of paclobutrazol effectively inhibited the excessive growth of watermelon at seedling stage,significantly enhanced the leaf quality of watermelon seedlings and promoted root growth.The seedlings treated by 50 mg/L paclobutrazol had the best performance compared with the control:a decrease of hypocotyl by 37.9%,an increase of plant dry weight by 46.55%,significantly increased seedling strength index,deep green leaf color,thick leaves,an increase of specific leaf weight by 28.13%,and significantly heavier root weight and longer length.[Conclusions]The results will provide a reference for strong seedling cultivation of small seedless watermelon.

Effect of Paclobutrazol plus Ethephon Treatment on Endogenous Hormones and Carbon and Nitrogen Nutrients in Litchi Variety ‘Feizixiao'

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of spraying the mixture of paclobutrazol and ethephon on the endogenous hormones and carbon and nitrogen nutrients in litchi variety ＇Feizixiao＇.[Method] [Result] The results showed that foliar spraying of the mixture of paclobutrazol and ethephon could effectively inhibit litchi variety ＇Feizixiao＇ to produce winter shoots,promote the flower bud differentiation and improve flower formation rate; meanwhile,this treatment could also increase the contents of ABA and ZR,and the ratios of ABA/IAA,ABA/GA3,ZR/IAA,ZR/GA3,and decrease the contents of IAA and GA3; additionally,it could increase the contents of soluble sugar,starch and total nitrogen,and raise C/N ratio,thus improving the flower formation rate.[Conclusion] Foliar spraying of the mixture of paclobutrazol and ethephon is an effective pathway for solving warmth damage to litchi.

低营养条件下Paclobutrazol(PP333)对黄瓜去顶幼苗直接形成花芽的影响(简报)

植物开花机理是生物学中的一个基本问题,多年来人们进行过许多的研究,积累了大量的事实,然而对开花的机理仍然还不甚清楚。因而在利用原有实验系统的同时,有必要寻找更多简单,又便于分析的实验系统。Jullien等报告离体培养的大豆子叶节能直接产生花芽。我们在建立离体培养黄瓜子叶直接单独形成雄花或雌花的实验系统的过程中,发现黄瓜幼苗去除顶芽后在子叶节处也能直接形成花芽。

Effects of paclobutrazol on biomass production in relation to resistance to lodging and pod shattering in Brassica napus L.

Paclobutrazol was sprayed at 0, 150, and 300 mg L-1 during the closed canopy stage and the early bud stage with two high-yielding cultivars of rapeseed, Yangguang 2009 and Fengyou 520. The impact of paclobutrazol on the accumulation and distribution of biomass and its relationship with yield, resistance to lodging and pod shattering were determined. All the treatments increased the resistance as well as yield. The maximum yield was obtained when paclobutrazol was applied during the closed canopy stage at 150 mg L-1. The plant＇s resistance to both lodging and pod shattering was the maximum when paclobutrazol was applied during the early bud stage at 300 mg L-1. Paclobutrazol also delayed senescence, with the higher concentration or later spraying leading to more obvious effects; improved the net assimilation rate before the early bud stage; and promoted the relative growth rate of the main growth organ at each stage of growth and maximized the rate and quantities of biomass accumulation. However, at the higher concentration and later spraying, the increments were smaller. The spraying also increased the rates of biomass allocation to roots, leaves, and pods, but the rate of allocation to stems decreased as the plants grew shorter. The higher allocation to roots and the lower allocation to stems favoured resistance to both lodging and pod shattering whereas higher allocation to leaves and pods favoured yield. The higher concentration or late spraying led to excessive biomass being allocated to roots, which decreased leaf biomass during the bud stage, leading to greater resistance but lower yields.

PP333(Paclobutrazol)和S3307(Uniconazole)对盆栽榕树(Ficus microcarpa)的生理效应

用PP333和S3307处理盆栽榕树实生苗,两者都可以显著抑制其茎的伸长生长,使其株型矮化,叶片小型化,根冠比值增大,从而使盆栽榕树更符合盆景栽培的要求,PP333和S3307都能使盆栽榕树叶片的过氧化物酶活性提高,叶绿素含量和光合作用强度增加,在每平方米有效成分30～120mg的剂量范围内,PP333和S3307抑制盆栽榕树茎伸长生长等方面的生理活性,随剂量增加而增加,而S3307的生理活性明显强于PP333,添加GA_3,可以解除PP333和S3307对盆栽榕树茎伸长生长的抑制,将PP333施入盆栽榕树根际土壤或喷布于叶片表面,以前一种方法抑制盆栽榕树茎的伸长生长等方面的生理活性更强。

Effects of exogenous paclobutrazol and sampling time on the efficiency of in vitro embryo rescue in the breeding of new seedless grape varieties

Embryo rescue technology plays an important role in seedless grape breeding.However,the efficiency of embryo rescue,including the embryo formation,germination,and seedling rates,is closely related to the parental genotypes,degree of abortion,growth medium,and plant growth regulators.In this study,we investigated the effects of different concentrations of paclobutrazol(PAC),a plant growth regulator,and embryo collection times on the embryo formation,germination,and seedling rates for different hybrid combinations of grape breeding varieties used for their aroma and cold-resistance traits.The results showed that the different PAC concentrations had varying impacts on the development of ovules and embryos from the different grape varieties.The embryo formation rates of the‘Sultanina Rose’בBeibinghong’and‘Kunxiang Seedless’בTaishan-2’crosses were the highest under the 5.1μmol L^(-1)PAC treatment.The 1.0μmol L^(-1)PAC treatment was optimal for the germination and seedling development of the‘Sultanina Rose’בBeibinghong’embryos,whereas the 0.2μmol L^(-1)PAC treatment induced the highest germination rate for the‘Sultanina Rose’בKunxiang Seedless’cross.The optimal sampling times for each cross varied as 39 d after pollination(DAP)for the‘Flame Seedless’בMuscat Hamburg’cross,46 DAP for the‘Kunxiang Seedless’בBeibinghong’cross,and 41 DAP for the‘Ruby Seedless’בBeibinghong’and‘Fantasy Seedless’בShuangyou’crosses.Moreover,the medium modified with 0.5 g L^(-1)of indole-3-butyric acid allowed the malformed seedlings to develop into plantlets and achieve larger progenies.This study provides a useful basis for further studies into grape embryo rescue and could improve breeding efforts for new seedless grape varieties.

Effects of Paclobutrazol on Physiological Parameters of Dahlia under Heat Stress

[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the effect of paclobutrazol （PBZ） on heat tolerance of dahlia.[Methods] A dahlia variety Danbanhuang was selected as the experimental material in this study. After 100, 200, 300 or 400 mg/L paclobutrazol was sprayed evenly to the leaves of dahlia seedlings, they were cultured in an incubator at high temperature （35 ℃/30 ℃, day/night） for two days, and then transferred to an incubator at normal temperature （25 ℃/20 ℃, day/night）. The physiological and biochemical parameters of the dahlia seedlings were measured before exposure to high temperature （D0）, after exposure to high temperature for two days （D2） and exposure to normal temperature for one day （R1）.[Results] Compared to the negative control, foliar application of paclobutrazol decreased the content of MDA, increased the contents of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, and the activity of SOD, POD and CAT in dahlia plants under heat stress. The contents of MDA, soluble protein and proline in PBZ treated dahlia plants increased when they were subject to high temperature stress （35 ℃/30 ℃, day/night）, and then decreased when the temperature returned to normal （25 ℃/20 ℃, day/night）, and CAT activity decreased at high temperature, and then increased at normal temperature, while the activity of SOD and POD kept rising during the entire experimental period.[Conclusions] Foliar application of paclobutrazol can alleviate the adverse effect caused by high temperature to dahlia plants, and the experimental data provide a theoretical basis for the application of paclobutrazol in dahlia cultivation in South China.

Effects of Seed Soaking with Paclobutrazol on Tillering and Physio-logical Characteristics of Sugarcane Seedlings

In order to study the effects of seed soaking with Paclobutrazol( PP333) on the tillering and physiological characteristics of sugarcane seedlings,sugar cane variety ROC22 was used as experimental material. The effects of seed soaking with different concentrations of PP333 were studied. The tiller number and growth of sugarcane were surveyed at the 6-leaf stage,the physiological indicators such as chlorophyll content,soluble protein content,proline content and peroxidase activity were measured at the 2-leaf,4-leaf,and 6-leaf stages. The results showed that the seed soaking with PP333 can effectively improve the tillering of sugarcane seedlings. The suitable concentration for the tillering of sugarcane and the growth and development of sugarcane was of 50 mg/L; the seed soaking with PP333 significantly increased the chlorophyll,soluble protein,proline,and peroxidase activity of leaves of sugarcane seedlings; the content of chlorophyll and soluble protein in leaves of sugarcane seedlings treated with 90 mg/L PP333 was the highest,and the proline content and peroxidase activity of sugarcane treated with 50 mg/L PP333 were the highest.

Effects of Biological Fertilizer and Paclobutrazol on Total Flavonoids in Ophiopogon japonicus

[Objectives] The research aimed to study the effects of applying biofertilizer instead of paclobutrazol on the content of flavonoids in Ophiopogon japonicas and determine its quality characteristics,in order to provide the scientific basis for the quality control of GAP and the comprehensive utilization of resources. [Methods] O. japonicas collected in Lingxing Town and Huayuan Town of Sichuan Province was divided into three groups: blank control group,paclobutrazol group and biofertilizer group. Root tuber of O. japonicas was obtained,and the enzyme was killed by the microwave,and then it was dried in 60℃. The content of flavonoids in root tuber of O. japonicus was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Then,SPSS19. 0 was used to analyze the results. [Results]The average contents of flavonoids in different treatments were as follows: 0. 184%-0. 198% in control group; 0. 283%-0. 330% in the paclobutrazol group; 0. 404%-0. 428% in the biofertilizer group. Biological bacterial fertilizer had a significant role in promoting the synthetic accumulation of homoisoflavonoids in O. japonicus( P <0. 001**). [Conclusions]The application of biological fertilizer can not only significantly improve the content of homoisoflavonoids in root ruber of O. japonicus,but also significantly optimize the micro ecological environment of soil. Therefore,biofertilizer should be widely used to gradually replace paclobutrazol in the main production areas of O. japonicas.

Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of far-red light effects in inducing shoot elongation in the presence or absence of paclobutrazol in Chinese pine

In angiosperms, low red (R)/far-red (FR) ratio light increases gibberellin (GA) levels. GA signaling in conifer seedlings requires FR to promote shoot elongation and reduce the inhibition of shoot elongation induced by paclobutrazol (PAC), yet the effects of far-red light in inducing shoot elongation in the presence or absence of PAC is poorly understood. In this study, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses was used to examine the molecular mechanism of FR regulation of shoot elongation in Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) seedlings in the presence of PAC. Four treatments were compared: white light + water (WW), FR + water (RW), white light + PAC (WP), and FR + PAC (RP), and 1436 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 450 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in RW_WW (RW contrast WW), and 1862 DEGs and 481 DEPs in RP_WP (RP contrast WP). Metabolic and signal transduction pathway analyses of DEGs and DEPs in RW_WW and RP_WP, indicated that the former required more energy than the latter. Moreover, gibberellic acid, auxin, and brassinolide are equally important in RW_WW and RP_WP for shoot elongation, except for the ethylene pathway. Amino acid metabolism and cell wall organization were significantly enriched in RW_WW and RP_WP, respectively. In summary, RW_WW and RP_WP had different effects in secondary metabolism, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, cell wall organization, and hormone response. These results provide an important theoretical and reference basis for studying the regulatory effect of low R/FR and PAC in conifer shoot elongation.

Effects of Seed Soaking with Paclobutrazol on Early Tillering and Endogenous Hormone Contents of Sugarcane Seedlings

[ Objective] The paper was to explore the effect of seed soaking with paclobutrazol （ PP333 ） on early tillering and endogenous hormone content of sugarcane seedlings. [ Method ] With the sugarcane variety ROC22 as the experimental material, seeds were soaked in different concentrations of PP333- The number and growth of tiller were investigated, and the contents of endogenous hormones IAA, CTK, ABA and GA3 at two-leaf, four-loaf and six-leaf stages of sugarcane seedlings were measured, to study the effects of seed soaking with PP333 on early filleting and endogenous hormone contents of sugarcane seedlings. [Result] Seed soaking with PP333 could effectively improve and advance filleting occurrence of sugarcane seedlings. The suitable PP333 concentration for sugarcane fiUeting occurrence, growth and development was 50 mg/L. Seed soaking with PP333 significantly increased the CTK and ABA contents in leaves of sugarcane seedlings, and decreased IAA and GA3 contents. [ Conclusion]The paper will provide a theoretical basis for application of PP333 in sugarcane production.

Effect of Paclobutrazol on Distribution Relation Between Different Organs of Japonica Rice under Direct Seeding Model

Three japonica rice varieties were soaked in 110 mg/L paclobutrazol solution for 48 h and then directly seeded, and seeds soaked with clean water were used as a control group. The analysis of dry weights of various organs and agronomic traits showed that soaking of japonica seeds with paclobutrazol had little impact on the correlation between dry weights of various organs, but there were still significant differences between cultivars. The correlation coefficients between lengths of the first and second nodes with filled grain weight changed from 0.024 and 0.056 in the CK to -0.116 and -0.042 correspondingly after presoaking with paclobutrazol. Therefore, paclobutrezol reduces the effect of stem-sheath weight on filled grain weight, and as a result, photosynthetic product could not be effectively transported in maturation stage of rice.

Effect of Paclobutrazol and Auxin on Growth Plantlet of Garlic Varieties in in Vitro Culture

Area of cultivating garlic in Indonesia experienced a sharp decline. In a period of 20 years （1991-2011）, the decline of garlic planting area reaches 91%. The fact is causing erosion of genetic resources of several varieties of garlic. Propagated vegetatively garlic through in vitro culture aims to obtain quality bulblet. This study aims to get the combination treatment between paclobutrazol, indole acetic acid （IAA）, indole butyric acid （IBA） and naphthalene acetic acid （NAA） in some varieties of garlic in Indonesia. This study used a completely randomized design （CRD） with two treatment factors, i.e., on varieties （Bali, Gunung Kidul, Slawi, Tawangmangu and Mataram） and 1.5 ppm paclobutrazol combination with a wide auxin （IAA 0.5 ppm, 0.5 ppm IBA, NAA 0.5 ppm）. Variable observations include the current appear shoots and roots, number of shoots and roots, shoots and root length. Observations showed that the combination of paclobutrazol ＋ NAA is able to produce plantlets that have the best vigor than paclohutrazol ＋ IAA and paclobutrazol ＋ IBA combination treatment.

Effects of autoclaving on the physiological action of paclobutrazol

Besides being employed as an efficient plant growth retardant for field, garden and potted plants, paclobutrazol (PBZ) is also used in laboratory experiments, mainly in aseptic cultures, both in autoclaved and non-autoclaved form. Therefore it is not known if autoclaving can partial or completely inactivates the product, thus decreasing its efficacy. Thus a simple experiment was carried out to assess to what extent the autoclaving process can affect some growth components and dry mass accumulation and partition in sunflower seedlings, by employing the techniques of plant Growth Analysis. Autoclaving did not modify either qualitative or quantitatively any of the plant responses to PBZ as well their reversions by gibberellic acid.

外施多效唑诱导水稻对稻飞虱的抗性

【目的】利用化学激发子提高植物抗虫性从而抑制害虫,是目前正在开发的一种新型的害虫绿色防治技术。本研究旨在解析一种化学激发子——多效唑(paclobutrazol,PBZ)提高水稻Oryza savita对稻飞虱抗性的机理,以期为其在害虫防控中的应用打下基础。【方法】用不同浓度PBZ以根吸的方法处理秀水110品种水稻24 h后接入褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens和白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera初孵若虫,测定接虫后不同时间若虫存活率;用含有5和10 mg/L PBZ或者防御化合物[咖啡酰腐胺、刺苞菊苷和樱桃苷(1和10 mg/L)及芥子酰胍丁胺(0.1和1 mg/L)]的稻飞虱人工饲料饲喂以及用5和20 mg/L PBZ溶液喷施褐飞虱若虫后,测定褐飞虱若虫存活率;5 mg/L PBZ根吸处理水稻、褐飞虱若虫为害和5 mg/L PBZ根吸处理水稻再接褐飞虱若虫后,测定水稻体内水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)、过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide,H_(2)O_(2))和乙烯(ethylene,ET)以及防御化合物芥子酰胍丁胺、咖啡酰腐胺、刺苞菊苷和樱桃苷的含量。【结果】与对照(根吸不含PBZ的营养液的水稻)相比,5 mg/L PBZ根吸处理水稻,接虫后3 d时褐飞虱若虫存活率降低33.3%;当PBZ浓度达到20 mg/L时,接虫后4 d时褐飞虱若虫全部死亡,但PBZ本身对褐飞虱若虫没有直接的毒杀作用。与对照组相比,5 mg/L PBZ根吸处理24 h后不接褐飞虱为害放置24 h时水稻植株体内SA含量显著上升,5 mg/L PBZ根吸处理水稻24 h再接褐飞虱若虫为害72 h时H_(2)O_(2)含量显著上升,5 mg/L PBZ根吸处理24 h后不接褐飞虱为害放置48-96 h、褐飞虱为害24-72 h及5 mg/L PBZ根吸处理水稻24 h再接褐飞虱若虫为害48-96 h ET释放量均显著下降,5 mg/L PBZ根吸处理诱导了水稻植株中咖啡酰腐胺和芥子酰胍丁胺2种酚胺类化合物以及刺苞菊苷和樱桃苷2种黄酮类化合物含量的显著上升。在褐飞虱人工饲料中添加1或10 mg/L的咖啡酰腐胺、芥子酰胍丁胺、刺苞菊苷或樱桃苷,可有效降低褐飞虱若虫存活率。【结论】PBZ是一种有效的化学激发子,可以通过激活水稻的SA和H_(2)O_(2)通路、抑制ET通路,诱导水稻相关防御化合物的合成,提高水稻对褐飞虱的抗性。

氮肥运筹与化学调控对双季稻产量及其抗倒伏特性的影响

以早稻品种陆两优996、株两优819及晚稻品种H优518、盛泰优018为材料,于2020年开展大田试验,设计3种氮肥运筹方式N1、N2、N3(分蘖肥、穗肥、粒肥用量比分别为7∶2∶1、6∶3∶1、5∶4∶1)与2种化学调控剂多效唑(C1)、壳寡糖(C2)双因素试验,研究氮肥运筹方式和化学调控对水稻产量及抗倒伏能力的影响。结果表明:氮肥运筹和化学调控对水稻产量影响显著,早、晚稻各品种产量均以N2C2处理的最高,主要通过提高植株有效穗数而增产;与N1相比,N2和N3降低了茎秆高度、节间长度和重心高度,增加了茎粗、茎壁厚度和节间充实度,茎秆抗倒伏能力增强,且N2优于N3处理;与对照处理(C3,喷施清水)相比,C1和C2均降低了水稻茎秆高度、重心高度和节间长度,增加了茎粗、茎壁厚度和节间充实度,从而提高了水稻抗倒伏能力;从互作效应来看,N2C1、N2C2和N3C1处理的茎粗和茎壁厚度较大,倒3与倒4节节间长度较短,节间充实度和抗折力较高,倒伏指数较低。综合考虑各品种倒伏指数和产量性状,N2C2处理,即分蘖肥、穗肥、粒肥施用比例为6∶3∶1条件下,于拔节初期喷施壳寡糖,可在提高双季稻抗倒伏能力的同时获得最高产量。

苗期不同叶龄喷施多效唑对优质籼稻倒伏性状的影响

以优质晚籼稻‘泰优553’和‘玉针香’为材料,在水稻秧苗的1叶1心期和2叶1心期进行多效唑处理(15%多效唑1500 g兑水750 kg),以喷施清水为对照(CK),在水稻成熟期测定水稻的农艺性状与产量、茎秆的物理性状、力学和抗倒伏特性,并分析植株抗倒伏特性与主茎性状的相关性。结果表明:2个时期喷施多效唑均显著增加‘泰优553’的产量,而对‘玉针香’的增产效果不显著,其中1叶1心期和2叶1心期处理下‘泰优553’的产量较对照处理分别增加了20.63%和15.29%;2个时期喷施多效唑均可降低2个水稻品种成熟期的株高,缩短其节间长度,增加节间粗度和茎壁厚度,从而提高节间充实度和折断弯矩,提高水稻抗倒伏能力;在2叶1心期喷施多效唑较1叶1心期喷施更能提高‘玉针香’的抗倒伏能力,其中2叶1心期处理下‘玉针香’茎秆抗倒指数较对照显著增加了36.46%,而1叶1心期处理下‘玉针香’茎秆抗倒指数较对照处理差异不显著;多效唑对‘玉针香’的抗倒伏参数的影响大于‘泰优553’。总之,苗期合理喷施多效唑能够提高水稻产量和成熟期的抗倒伏能力,但不同品种的长效效果可能不一样。