Chemical Analysis of Activated Carbon from Bull and Cow Horns Pyrolysis to Be Used as Antidotes

The purpose of this study is to compare the results of chemical analysis of two types of activated from the pyrolysis of bull horn and that of cow. Six samples were used to measure pH, carbon, calcium and to determine adsorbent power. The pH was measured at a temperature of 20˚C using an “ANION 7010 ionomer” pH meter, the carbon (C) content was analyzed using a “EURO EA 3000” analyzer. and the electronic balance: “Sartorius CP-2P”, calcium (Ca) was analyzed using a DFS-8 spectrograph. For the adsorbency test, the 0.15% methylene blue R solution was used. At the end of this study, we found that the activated carbon from the bull horn demonstrated a carbon content that is higher than that of the cow horn (20.79% against 15.63%), activated carbon of cow horn is richer in calcium than that of bull horn (16.27% against 3.69%) and then the pH. The cow horn is higher than that of the bull horn (7.43 versus 6.5). For the adsorbent power, the sample (75% bull horn and 25% cow horn) was recorded with the greatest adsorbent power. Thus, from this study, it can be recommended as an activated carbon antidote to be used for poisonings treatment.

酶催化酯交换法制备零反式脂肪酸人造奶油基料油的理化性质研究

以松籽油和棕榈油硬脂为原料,通过酶催化酯交换法生产零反式脂肪酸人造奶油基料油。酯交换反应得到油脂的主要脂肪酸组成为:棕榈酸(37.88%),油酸(28.30%),亚油酸(20.19%),同时含有少量功能性脂肪酸——松籽油酸(4.77%),且没有检测到反式脂肪酸;结构脂质的熔点为37.5℃,其固态脂肪含量在20、25、30℃和40℃时分别是40.28%、32.62%、22.06%、3.40%,并且其主要晶型是β'型。因此,酯交换反应得到的零反式脂肪酸油脂适合作为人造奶油的基料油。

透明肥皂的研制及性能测定

以食用玉米油、棕仁油、蓖麻油为主要原料,并辅以硬脂酸,经皂化反应研制出一种透明肥皂。探讨了原料质量要求和配比、皂化反应的温度和时间以及凉皂条件对肥皂透明度的影响。同时对产品的透明度、去污能力、起泡能力和肤感等性能进行了测试。结果表明,在原料最佳配比条件下,在60～75℃皂化反应20～25 min,再混合透明剂、防腐剂等,然后注入模具室温自然冷却即得晶莹的透明肥皂。