Mathematical Analysis of Unsteady MHD Blood Flow through Parallel Plate Channel with Heat Source

In the present study, a mathematical model of unsteady blood flow through parallel plate channel under the action of an applied constant transverse magnetic field is proposed. The model is subjected to heat source. Analytical expressions are obtained by choosing the axial velocity;temperature distribution and the normal velocity of the blood depend on y and t only to convert the system of partial differential equations into system of ordinary differential equations under the conditions defined in our model. The model has been analyzed to find the effects of various parameters such as, Hartmann number, heat source parameter and Prandtl number on the axial velocity, temperature distribution and the normal velocity. The numerical solutions of axial velocity, temperature distributions and normal velocity are shown graphically for better understanding of the problem. Hence, the present mathematical model gives a simple form of axial velocity, temperature distribution and normal velocity of the blood flow so that it will help not only people working in the field of Physiological fluid dynamics but also to the medical practitioners.

Run-Up Flow of a Maxwell Fluid through a Parallel Plate Channel

We consider the flow of an incompressible viscous Maxwell fluid between two parallel plates, initially induced by a constant pressure gradient. The pressure gradient is withdrawn and the upper plate moves with a uniform velocity while the lower plate continues to be at rest. The arising flow is referred to as run-up flow. The unsteady governing equations are solved as initial value problem using Laplace transform technique. The expression for velocity, shear stresses on both plates and discharge are obtained. The behavior of the velocity, shear stresses and mass flux has been discussed in detail with respect to variations in different governing flow parameters and is presented through graphs.

Hall Current Effects on Unsteady MHD Flow in a Rotating Parallel Plate Channel Bound-ed by Porous Bed on the Lower Half—Darcy Lapwood Model

We discussed the unsteady flow of an incompressible viscous fluid in a rotating parallel plate channel bounded on one side by a porous bed under the influence of a uniform transverse magnetic field taking hall current into account. The perturbations are created by a constant pressure gradient along the plates in addition to the non-torsional oscillations of the upper plate. The flow in the clean fluid region is governed by Navier-Stoke’s equations while in the porous bed the equations are based on Darcy-Lapwood model. The exact solutions of velocity in the clean fluid and the porous medium consist of steady state and transient state. The time required for the transient state to decay is evaluated in detail and ultimate quasi-steady state solution has been derived analytically and also its behaviour is computationally discussed with reference to different flow parameters. The shear stresses on the boundaries and the mass flux are also obtained analytically and their behaviour is computationally discussed.

Hall Effects on Unsteady MHD Three Dimensional Flow through a Porous Medium in a Rotating Parallel Plate Channel with Effect of Inclined Magnetic Field

In this paper, we make an initial value investigation of the unsteady flow of incompressible viscous fluid between two rigid non-conducting rotating parallel plates bounded by a porous medium under the influence of a uniform magnetic field of strength H0 inclined at an angle of inclination α with normal to the boundaries taking hall current into account. The perturbations are created by a constant pressure gradient along the plates in addition to the non-torsional oscillations of the upper plate while the lower plate is at rest. The flow in the porous medium is governed by the Brinkman’s equations. The exact solution of the velocity in the porous medium consists of steady state and transient state. The time required for the transient state to decay is evaluated in detail and the ultimate quasi-steady state solution has been derived analytically. Its behaviour is computationally discussed with reference to the various governing parameters. The shear stresses on the boundaries are also obtained analytically and their behaviour is computationally discussed.

并联U型通道冷板冷却动力电池的换热特性

温度对锂离子动力电池性能有显著影响。本文提出的并联U型通道冷板,具有换热均匀性良好的特点,在动力电池等发热设备冷却方面具有优势。通过数值方法模拟了并联U型通道冷板的换热效果,结果表明,在不同流速下,并联U型通道冷板的温度标准差都小于1,证明其温度分布相当均匀;在较高和较宽的热流密度条件下,并联U型通道冷板保持了较好的换热特性一致性及换热均匀性。

Influence of Filling Ratio and Working Fluid Thermal Properties on Starting up and Heat Transferring Performance of Closed Loop Plate Oscillating Heat Pipe with Parallel Channels

Using ethanol or acetone as the working fluid, the performance of starting up and heat transfer of closed-loop plate oscillating heat pipe with parallel channels(POHP-PC) were experimentally investigated by varying filling ratio, inclination, working fluids and heating power. The performance of the tested pulsating heat pipe was mainly evaluated by thermal resistance and wall temperature. Heating copper block and cold water bath were adopted in the experimental investigations. It was found that oscillating heat pipe with filling ratio of 50% started up earlier than that with 70% when heating input was 159.4 W, however, it has similar starting up performance with filling ratio of 50% as compared to 70% on the condition of heat input of 205.4 W. And heat pipe with filling ratio of 10% could not start up but directly transit to dry burning. A reasonable filling ratio range of 35%-70% was needed in order to achieve better performance, and there are different optimal filling ratios with different heating inputs- the more heating input, the higher optimal filling ratio, and vice versa. However, the dry burning appeared easily with low filling ratio, especially at very low filling ratio, such as 10%. And higher filling ratio, such as 70%, resulted in higher heat transfer( dry burning) limit. With filling ratio of 70% and inclination of 75°, oscillating heat pipe with acetone started up with heating input of just 24 W, but for ethanol, it needed to be achieved 68 W, Furthermore, the start time with acetone was similar as compared to that with ethanol. For steady operating state, the heating input with acetone was about 80 W, but it transited to dry burning state when heating input was greater than 160 W. However, for ethanol, the heating input was in vicinity of 160 W. Furthermore, thermal resistance with acetone was lower than that with ethanol at the same heating input of 120 W.

倾角及冷却工况对多通路并联回路板式脉动热管传热性能的影响

针对多通路并联回路板式脉动热管建立实验台,采用铜质模块加热和水浴冷却方式作为热工条件,着重考察脉动热管在不同倾角(90°,75°,60°)及冷却工况(4.5 g·s-1和9.0 g·s-1)下的传热性能,通过壁面温度的振荡和传热热阻来评价其传热效果。实验结果表明,重力对多通路并联回路板式脉动热管传热性能的影响较大,随着倾角的减少,工质的回流变弱,传热热阻变大,传热极限变低;脉动热管的加热功率与冷却能力是相互匹配的,匹配度越高,脉动热管越不易干烧,传热极限越高,在有倾角的工况下提高传热极限表现得更为明显;脉动热管运行时存在一个最佳水流量,在最佳冷却工况下,脉动热管的运行热阻最低。

多通路并联回路板式脉动热管可视化及启动性能试验研究

针对多通路并联回路板式脉动热管搭建试验台，选用无水乙醇作为工质，在不同的充液率、倾斜角度和加热功率情况下，观测工质的流型以及流动方式的变化，分析脉动热管的启动特性。结果表明，工质的流型为泡状流，汽液塞间隔分布的塞状流，塞状流与环状流并存的混合流，整个通道中不存在完全是环状流的流型；充液率为10％时，工质主要分布在脉动热管的中间部位，充液率为35％-85％，工质分布的均匀性增强；运行过程中工质以塞状流（靠近冷凝端）和环状流（靠近加热端）并存的混合流形式存在，随着加热功率的增加，环状流的平衡位置逐渐向冷凝端移动；启动方式为温度渐进式，启动时间随着加热功率的升高而缩短，倾角的减少而增加，在竖直状态下，脉动热管能够较快启动，正常启动范围为60°-90°，倾角为45°和30°时不能稳定启动。

纳米颗粒球形度对平板通道中Al_(2)O_(3)-水纳米流体强制对流换热的影响

数值研究了水中添加立方体形、球形或柱状Al_(2)O_(3)纳米颗粒的纳米流体在平板通道中的层流强制对流换热,分析了纳米颗粒球形度、纳米颗粒体积分数和雷诺数对平板通道中Al_(2)O_(3)-水纳米流体强制对流换热的影响.结果表明:当纳米颗粒体积分数和雷诺数一定时,随着纳米颗粒球形度减小,通道壁面平均努赛尔数增大,对流换热增强;当纳米颗粒球形度一定时,随着纳米颗粒体积分数和雷诺数的增大,通道壁面平均努赛尔数增大,对流换热增强.

平板Blumlein线多通道轨道开关

设计制作了一个有多通道连接的类似轨道的平行电极结构的开关,给出了开关的结构,对开关内的电场分布做出分析,利用Pspice软件对安装在实验装置中的开关的电压电流进行了计算。实验测得此开关在实验系统中耐压约为500 kV,导通时通过阻值为1 kΩ的水电阻负载的电流为400 A左右。实验所得电压电流波形与模拟结果基本吻合。实验证明此开关具有体积小、更适于平板传输线的结构等优点。

设置三角形阻流件的通道内流体流动特性研究

对常物性流体在通道内的周期性充分发展层流流动特性进行二维数值计算分析,所研究的通道是由两平行平板和交错布置于两平行平板上的多个三角形阻流件构成。给出了不同阻流件高度、顶角和间距以及不同Re 数下的流函数图和阻力特性曲线。

平行板电极边缘滑闪引起加载电压的“双峰”现象

平板电容器是电磁脉冲(EMP)模拟装置中常用的脉冲压缩器件,在平行板电极的SF 6 沿面闪络实验中发现,原本前沿光滑的纳秒脉冲电压加载在平行板电极上,会在脉冲电压前沿上测得一尖峰,使加载的脉冲电压出现“双峰”现象。为探索该现象的原因,首先通过理论分析,认为该现象可能是由于平行板电极边缘发生了滑闪放电,增大了电极等效正对面积,使平行板电极的等效容值发生突变所致,容值变化越大,尖峰越明显。之后开展了不同气压下平行板电极的沿面闪络实验,并对放电过程的图像进行了拍摄,结果表明:平行板电极边缘产生的树枝状放电在低气压时主干明亮粗大,分枝较多,气压升高后,主干亮度和直径逐渐变小,分枝也越来越少;随着气压的增加,由于平行板电极边缘的滑闪放电受到抑制,平行板的等效面积变化率越来越小,尖峰出现时对应的电压幅值越来越高,且尖峰越来越不明显,与理论分析一致。

设置三角形阻流件的通道内传热强化数值研究

对常物性流体在通道内的周期性充分发展层流对流换热特性进行了二维数值计算分析 ,所研究的通道是由两平行平板和交错布置于两平行平板上的多个三角形阻流件构成 .讨论了不同Pr数和不同Re数下阻流件高度、顶角和间距对换热系数的影响状况 .

平板流道交变流动速度环状效应分析

为了分析管内交变流动速度环状效应的特性,通过数值模拟对平板流道内可压缩交变流动的速度环状效应进行研究.根据速度环状效应的产生机理,分析得出在黏性流体管内交变流动中必然存在速度环状效应,并且在流道截面中心速度为零相位下最容易观察到速度环状效应.为了定量描述速度环状效应,根据流道中心速度为零相位下的速度分布曲线的斜率情况,提出定量评价指标速度环状效应系数,并针对平行平板流道内层流交变流动,利用该评价指标定量分析了无量纲参数(包括瓦伦西数Va和最大雷诺数Re_(max))对速度环状效应的影响.

并联梯形槽道板式脉动热管的启动性能研究

为分析板式脉动热管启动性能的影响因素,对一种并联梯形槽道板式脉动热管在空气强制对流冷却情况下进行了实验研究。结果表明,热管在低加热功率下的启动行为呈现冷热端温度平稳上升和跳跃两种,其中跳跃行为又分为跳跃后冷热端温度继续上升与逐渐下降两种;而热管在高加热功率下的启动行为主要为温度跳跃;同时实验还发现热管的完全启动温度随充液率及倾角的增加而增加,与加热功率无关;加热功率影响启动速度,功率越高热管启动速度越快。

流体流过带折流板通道时的流动及传热数值研究

对常物性流体在通道内的周期性充分发展层流流动和换热特性进行了二维数值计算分析。所研究的通道是由两平行平板和布置于中心线位置的一系列折流板构成。平行平板保持温度恒定 ,折流板则分成完全导热和绝热两种情况 ,对不同几何参数、Re数和Pr数下的流动和换热性能进行了数值研究。

平行小通道直冷板传热特性实验研究

作为两相冷却技术的核心部件,直冷板的传热特性越来越受到关注。本文基于泵循环两相流实验系统,设计了一块平行小通道直冷板,直冷板流道区域尺寸为140 mm×50 mm,包含21根通道,通道截面尺寸为1.5 mm×1.5 mm,通道间由0.5 mm厚的肋片分隔。通过改变制冷剂进口温度、流量以及热流密度,分析平行小通道直冷板流道内部不同区域壁面温度及表面传热系数的变化规律。结果表明,制冷剂热流密度0.5 W/cm^(2)、进口温度15℃、质量流量150 kg/h时,不同流道内壁面温度均沿流动方向呈单调上升趋势;当制冷剂热流密度升至6 W/cm^(2),壁面温度先升高后趋于稳定,中间流道的壁面温度均高于周边流道。在低热流密度下,直冷板流道内部不同位置的表面传热系数沿流动方向基本不变;而在高热流密度下,流道出口处的表面传热系数呈现上升的趋势,最大增幅为21%。与壁面温度相似,周边流道的表面传热系数高于中间流道,表面传热系数相差7%~24%。

基于Chebyshev配置点谱方法的多孔介质平板通道内的流体流动数值模拟

本文基于Chebyshev配置点谱方法,利用数值模拟研究了多孔介质平板通道内的流体流动问题。针对动量方程的离散,空间上采用Chebyshev配置点谱方法,时间上采用准隐式格式离散,结合改进的投影算法(IPS)将速度和压力的计算解耦为一系列椭圆方程(泊松方程或亥姆霍兹方程),转换椭圆方程为矩阵方程形式后利用二步求解法求解矩阵方程。通过MATLAB编程实现对多孔介质平板通道内的流体流动问题的数值模拟并验证了程序的准确性。在此基础上,讨论了达西数(Da),雷诺数(Re)以及孔隙率(ε)对多孔介质平板通道内流体的速度分布、边界层厚度及入口长度的影响。

双弥散多孔介质平板通道内纳米流体流动特征

基于双速度Brinkman-Darcy扩展动量模型,分析Cu/H2O纳米流体在双弥散多孔介质平板通道内的流动特征.采用正常模式降阶法推得双弥散多孔介质裂纹相(f相)和多孔相(p相)的速度分布解析解.参数分析表明,两相中纳米流体的速度随着固体颗粒体积分数的增加而降低;动量传递系数增加,两相速度呈相反趋势变化,且速度差变小;达西(Darcy)数增大,两相速度增大且速度差变大;当仅p相Darcy数增大时,导致双弥散效应增强,两相速度亦同时增大,但两相速度差变小;随着纳米流体体积分数增加,流动阻力增大.