本文分别从观测试验分析研究、地形降水物理机制以及地形降水模拟与可预报性研究等方面回顾了近年来对地形降水观测、数值模拟和预报方法方面取得的进展。概括了近些年来开展的若干地形降水观测试验、数值模式的若干线性地形降水方案,...本文分别从观测试验分析研究、地形降水物理机制以及地形降水模拟与可预报性研究等方面回顾了近年来对地形降水观测、数值模拟和预报方法方面取得的进展。概括了近些年来开展的若干地形降水观测试验、数值模式的若干线性地形降水方案,以及模式中次网格地形参数化效应对地形降水预报的影响。回顾了包括地形维度与几何分布、水汽分布及水汽凝结效应、大气稳定性等对地形降水的影响机制,并基于线性地形降水方案,综合考虑了次网格地形阻塞效应和大气降水概率因子,利用GRAPES(Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System)模式检验了新简化线性地形降水参数化方案的应用情况。指出对地形降水机理研究和预报技术的改进,需进一步开展多种地形观测试验和多源资料机理分析,研究不同尺度天气系统在多尺度复杂地形下的相互作用,改进数值模式动力、物理精度以及资料同化理论技术,以期提高对地形降水的认识水平和数值模拟能力。展开更多
The oleanane parameter, i.e., OP （oleananes/（oleananes＋C30hopanes）） in the two sedimentary columns of the Beibuwan Basin, South China Sea, can be used to delimit the top of oil generation window, with Ro （/%） o...The oleanane parameter, i.e., OP （oleananes/（oleananes＋C30hopanes）） in the two sedimentary columns of the Beibuwan Basin, South China Sea, can be used to delimit the top of oil generation window, with Ro （/%） of 0.53 in Well M1 and 0.55 in Wells H1/Hd1/Hd2, respectively. Comparing with vitrinite reflectance （Ro/%）, the OP features a dynamic range and can indicate the oil generation window more precisely. By using OP and other geochemical indices, the oil-source correlation is also conducted. It suggests that the oils in wells M1 and M2 are derived from the source rocks in situ. The mudstone in Huachang uplift is not the main source rocks for oils in this area, The OP is also a useful oil-source correlation parameter in some Tertiary lacustrine basins.展开更多
To improve the wind and precipitation forecasts over South China, a modified orographic drag parameterization（OP） scheme that considers both the gravity wave drag（GWD） and the mountain blocking drag（MBD） effects...To improve the wind and precipitation forecasts over South China, a modified orographic drag parameterization（OP） scheme that considers both the gravity wave drag（GWD） and the mountain blocking drag（MBD） effects was implemented in the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System Tropical Mesoscale Model（GRAPES-TMM）. Simulations were performed over one month starting from 1200 UTC19 June 2013. The initial and lateral boundary conditions were obtained from the NCEP global forecast system output. The simulation results were compared among a control（CTL） experiment without the OP scheme, a GWDO experiment with the OP scheme that considers only the GWD effect, and an MBD experiment with the modified OP scheme（including both GWD and MBD）. The simulation with the modified OP scheme successfully captured the main features of precipitation, including its distribution and intensity,and improved the wind circulation forecast in the lower troposphere. The modified OP scheme appears to improve the wind forecast by accelerating the ascending air motion and reinforcing the convergence in the rainfall area. Overall, the modified OP scheme exerts positive impacts on the forecast of large-scale atmospheric fields in South China.展开更多
文摘本文分别从观测试验分析研究、地形降水物理机制以及地形降水模拟与可预报性研究等方面回顾了近年来对地形降水观测、数值模拟和预报方法方面取得的进展。概括了近些年来开展的若干地形降水观测试验、数值模式的若干线性地形降水方案,以及模式中次网格地形参数化效应对地形降水预报的影响。回顾了包括地形维度与几何分布、水汽分布及水汽凝结效应、大气稳定性等对地形降水的影响机制,并基于线性地形降水方案,综合考虑了次网格地形阻塞效应和大气降水概率因子,利用GRAPES(Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System)模式检验了新简化线性地形降水参数化方案的应用情况。指出对地形降水机理研究和预报技术的改进,需进一步开展多种地形观测试验和多源资料机理分析,研究不同尺度天气系统在多尺度复杂地形下的相互作用,改进数值模式动力、物理精度以及资料同化理论技术,以期提高对地形降水的认识水平和数值模拟能力。
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40672093)CNPC Innovation Fund(07El001)the ESS-China Hydrocarbon Geosciences Collaboration Project under Natural Resources Canada's International Opportunities Program.
文摘The oleanane parameter, i.e., OP （oleananes/（oleananes＋C30hopanes）） in the two sedimentary columns of the Beibuwan Basin, South China Sea, can be used to delimit the top of oil generation window, with Ro （/%） of 0.53 in Well M1 and 0.55 in Wells H1/Hd1/Hd2, respectively. Comparing with vitrinite reflectance （Ro/%）, the OP features a dynamic range and can indicate the oil generation window more precisely. By using OP and other geochemical indices, the oil-source correlation is also conducted. It suggests that the oils in wells M1 and M2 are derived from the source rocks in situ. The mudstone in Huachang uplift is not the main source rocks for oils in this area, The OP is also a useful oil-source correlation parameter in some Tertiary lacustrine basins.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Key Project of the South China Regional Meteorological Center(GRMC2014M05)China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(GYHY201406003 and GYHY201206010)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41075083 and 41075040)Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province(2011A032100006 and 2012A061400012)
文摘To improve the wind and precipitation forecasts over South China, a modified orographic drag parameterization（OP） scheme that considers both the gravity wave drag（GWD） and the mountain blocking drag（MBD） effects was implemented in the Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction System Tropical Mesoscale Model（GRAPES-TMM）. Simulations were performed over one month starting from 1200 UTC19 June 2013. The initial and lateral boundary conditions were obtained from the NCEP global forecast system output. The simulation results were compared among a control（CTL） experiment without the OP scheme, a GWDO experiment with the OP scheme that considers only the GWD effect, and an MBD experiment with the modified OP scheme（including both GWD and MBD）. The simulation with the modified OP scheme successfully captured the main features of precipitation, including its distribution and intensity,and improved the wind circulation forecast in the lower troposphere. The modified OP scheme appears to improve the wind forecast by accelerating the ascending air motion and reinforcing the convergence in the rainfall area. Overall, the modified OP scheme exerts positive impacts on the forecast of large-scale atmospheric fields in South China.
