The objective of this study is to define park design standards,determine the user expectations of the parks and evaluate the defined standards in the case of Taraqi Park in Herat city.On-site detection,observation and...The objective of this study is to define park design standards,determine the user expectations of the parks and evaluate the defined standards in the case of Taraqi Park in Herat city.On-site detection,observation and questionnaire survey methods were utilized in the study.The conformity of the park area with international standards were evaluated while general satisfaction towards the park was tried to be determined by virtue of surveys made with the users of the park.The results revealed that the current status of the park was poor,design and management of the park needs urgent improvements.Taraqi Park is the most visited park of the city in which the overall design of the park,facilities,management and maintenance systems are observed inadequate according to standards,rules and regulations of urban parks.展开更多
Striped hyena（Hyaena hyaena） is a near-threatened large carnivore known to occur in arid and semi-arid landscapes in many parts of the world. Its population is declining globally and ecological information is requir...Striped hyena（Hyaena hyaena） is a near-threatened large carnivore known to occur in arid and semi-arid landscapes in many parts of the world. Its population is declining globally and ecological information is required urgently to meet their conservation needs. We studied the diet pattern of the striped hyena in the semi-arid Gir National Park and Sanctuary（GNPS）, western India. Prey items eaten by the striped hyena were identified from scats. Around 44.4% scats represented single to three mammalian preys while 55.6% of them represented four preys to seven preys. A variety of food items were identified including mammals, birds, insects and vegetable matters. Scats analysis showed that 63.91% diet of striped hyena was contributed by wild prey items, 20.94% by domestic prey and 3.31% by birds, whereas vegetable and insects contributed 9.92% and 1.93%, respectively. Diet diversity of the striped hyena computed by the Shannon-Weiner Index（H） was found to be 2.64. The presence of domestic mammals in the scat remains implied that the striped hyena might frequently visit human habitation in search for food and hence, a potential conflict between human and wildlife might arise. Reducing the dependence of hyena on domestic livestock is a challenge to ensure the survival of striped hyena outside the protected area.展开更多
文摘The objective of this study is to define park design standards,determine the user expectations of the parks and evaluate the defined standards in the case of Taraqi Park in Herat city.On-site detection,observation and questionnaire survey methods were utilized in the study.The conformity of the park area with international standards were evaluated while general satisfaction towards the park was tried to be determined by virtue of surveys made with the users of the park.The results revealed that the current status of the park was poor,design and management of the park needs urgent improvements.Taraqi Park is the most visited park of the city in which the overall design of the park,facilities,management and maintenance systems are observed inadequate according to standards,rules and regulations of urban parks.
基金Financial support has been provided by the Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India
文摘Striped hyena（Hyaena hyaena） is a near-threatened large carnivore known to occur in arid and semi-arid landscapes in many parts of the world. Its population is declining globally and ecological information is required urgently to meet their conservation needs. We studied the diet pattern of the striped hyena in the semi-arid Gir National Park and Sanctuary（GNPS）, western India. Prey items eaten by the striped hyena were identified from scats. Around 44.4% scats represented single to three mammalian preys while 55.6% of them represented four preys to seven preys. A variety of food items were identified including mammals, birds, insects and vegetable matters. Scats analysis showed that 63.91% diet of striped hyena was contributed by wild prey items, 20.94% by domestic prey and 3.31% by birds, whereas vegetable and insects contributed 9.92% and 1.93%, respectively. Diet diversity of the striped hyena computed by the Shannon-Weiner Index（H） was found to be 2.64. The presence of domestic mammals in the scat remains implied that the striped hyena might frequently visit human habitation in search for food and hence, a potential conflict between human and wildlife might arise. Reducing the dependence of hyena on domestic livestock is a challenge to ensure the survival of striped hyena outside the protected area.
