From 2017 to 2018,the effects of winter planting of milk vetch on yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of machine-transplanted double-cropping rice under straw returning were studied in Ningxiang city...From 2017 to 2018,the effects of winter planting of milk vetch on yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of machine-transplanted double-cropping rice under straw returning were studied in Ningxiang city,Hunan Province.The results showed that the dry matter accumulation,effective panicle,yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer in the stem,leaf,panicle and aboveground parts of early and late rice treated with winter planting milk vetch and straw returning were signi ficantly higher than those treated with straw returning only.Among them,the effective panicles of early and late rice increased by 2.58%,3.18%(2017)and 5.22%,6.32%(2018),respectively.Yield increased by 11.85%,10.07%(2017)and 12.42%,10.92%(2018),annual partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 10.90%(2017)and 11.66%(2018),respectively.In conclusion,winter planting milk vetch under straw returning is beneficial to increase dry matter accumulation,rice yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer in mechanized double cropping rice.展开更多
【目的】通过Meta分析,定量分析滴灌施肥对我国蔬菜和果树产量、水肥利用效率和品质等的综合影响,探究了不同田间管理措施的效果差异,为优化果蔬系统综合管理措施提供参考。【方法】在知网、万方数据和Web of Science数据库中,以“滴灌...【目的】通过Meta分析,定量分析滴灌施肥对我国蔬菜和果树产量、水肥利用效率和品质等的综合影响,探究了不同田间管理措施的效果差异,为优化果蔬系统综合管理措施提供参考。【方法】在知网、万方数据和Web of Science数据库中,以“滴灌”、“果树”、“蔬菜”、“产量”、“水分利用率”、“氮肥偏生产力”和“品质”等为主要关键词检索文献,筛选出符合条件的全国滴灌施肥相关的文献77篇,获得了357组有效样本数据。采用Meta分析方法进行数据处理。【结果】与常规施肥相比,滴灌施肥的蔬菜和果树产量分别增加了7.99%和6.71%,氮肥偏生产力分别提高了48.9%和63.1%,水分利用效率分别提高了50.6%和119.0%。滴灌施肥显著改善果蔬品质,但效果不同。滴灌施肥的蔬菜Vc含量增幅较果树高17.3%,但可溶性固形物增幅低7.05%。滴灌施肥对蔬菜和果树产量、水氮利用率和品质的影响因施氮水平、灌溉水平、作物类型和栽培类型不同而存在差异。在施氮量200~400 kg/hm^(2)、灌溉量200~400 mm的设施栽培条件下,滴灌施肥对茄果类和瓜果类蔬菜产量、水分利用效率、氮肥偏生产力、品质的提升效果较好。在施氮量150~300 kg/hm^(2)、灌溉量250~500 mm条件下,滴灌施肥对落叶果树产量、水分利用效率、氮肥偏生产力和果实品质的提高效应更显著。【结论】茄果类和瓜果类蔬菜以及落叶果树适宜采用滴灌施肥技术,其他类型蔬菜和果树应慎用。展开更多
文摘From 2017 to 2018,the effects of winter planting of milk vetch on yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer of machine-transplanted double-cropping rice under straw returning were studied in Ningxiang city,Hunan Province.The results showed that the dry matter accumulation,effective panicle,yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer in the stem,leaf,panicle and aboveground parts of early and late rice treated with winter planting milk vetch and straw returning were signi ficantly higher than those treated with straw returning only.Among them,the effective panicles of early and late rice increased by 2.58%,3.18%(2017)and 5.22%,6.32%(2018),respectively.Yield increased by 11.85%,10.07%(2017)and 12.42%,10.92%(2018),annual partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 10.90%(2017)and 11.66%(2018),respectively.In conclusion,winter planting milk vetch under straw returning is beneficial to increase dry matter accumulation,rice yield and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer in mechanized double cropping rice.
