Background: Despite the adverse effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5) ) on type 2 diabetes and the beneficial role of physical activity (PA), the influence of PM_(2.5) on the relationship between PA and...Background: Despite the adverse effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5) ) on type 2 diabetes and the beneficial role of physical activity (PA), the influence of PM_(2.5) on the relationship between PA and type 2 diabetes remains unclear.Methods: In this prospective study with 71,689 participants, PA was assessed by a questionnaire and was categorized into quartiles for volume and three groups for intensity. Long-term PM_(2.5) exposure was calculated using 1-km resolution satellite-based PM_(2.5) estimates. PM_(2.5) exposure and PA's effect on type 2 diabetes were assessed by cohort-stratified Cox proportional hazards models, individually and in combination.Results: In 488,166 person-years of follow-up, 5487 incident type 2 diabetes cases were observed. The association between PA and type 2 diabetes was modified by PM_(2.5) . Compared with the lowest quartile of PA volume, the highest quartile was associated with reduced type 2 diabetes risk in low PM_(2.5) stratification (≤65.02 μg/m^(3)) other than in high PM_(2.5) stratification (>65.02 μg/m^(3)), with the hazard ratio (HR) of 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-0.85) and 1.10 (95% CI: 0.99-1.22), respectively. Similar results were observed for PA intensity. High PM_(2.5) exposure combined with the highest PA levels increased the risk of type 2 diabetes the most (HR= 1.79, 95% CI: 1.59-2.01 for PA volume;HR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.64-2.02 for PA intensity).Conclusion: PA could reduce type 2 diabetes risk in low-pollution areas, but high PM_(2.5) exposure may weaken or even reverse the protective effects of PA. Safety and health benefits of PA should be thoroughly assessed for long-term polluted residents.展开更多
Air pollution has been the most important health issue in recent years. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the results of regular measurements of air pollutants PM10 （Particulate Matter of 10 Microns in Diameter...Air pollution has been the most important health issue in recent years. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the results of regular measurements of air pollutants PM10 （Particulate Matter of 10 Microns in Diameter） and SO2 （Sulfur Dioxide） concentrations in the city of Istanbul by taking the years 2013 and 2015 as a sample. The data were obtained through the website http：//www.havaizleme.gov.tr, which was published by the Administration of Marmara Clean Air Center of Ministry of Environment and Urbanization in Turkey. For the years 2013 and 2015, the mean SO2 concentration was 8.35 ± 6.04 and 10.60 ±7.16 μg/m^3. The mean PMI0 concentration was 73.06 ± 30.63 μg/m^3 for 2013 and 51.57 ± 18.84μg/m^3 for 2015. The acceptable upper limit values by WHO （World Health Organization） for daily mean SO2 and PMI0 concentrations respectively are 20 μg/m^3 and 50μg/m^3. In Istanbul, SO2 concentrations were above the upper limit values recommended by WHO, but PM10 concentrations during 2013 and 2015 were over the recommended limit values by WHO. As the particulate matter pollution is at high concentrations during these two years, it has shown that air pollution emerges as a problem awaiting solutions in Istanbul, where is industrially intense, highly populated and also with high traffic density.展开更多
Fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD)morbidity and mortality.Mitochondria are sensitive targets of PM_(2.5),and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the oc...Fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD)morbidity and mortality.Mitochondria are sensitive targets of PM_(2.5),and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence of CVD.The epigenetic mechanism of PM_(2.5)-triggered mitochondrial injury of cardiomyocytes is unclear.This study focused on the mi R-421/SIRT3 signaling pathway to investigate the regulatory mechanism in cardiac mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in rat H9c2 cells induced by PM_(2.5).Results illustrated that PM_(2.5)impaired mitochondrial function and caused dynamics homeostasis imbalance.Besides,PM_(2.5)up-regulated mi R-421 and down-regulated SIRT3 gene expression,along with decreasing p-FOXO3a(SIRT3 downstream target gene)and p-Parkin expression and triggering abnormal expression of fusion gene OPA1 and fission gene Drp1.Further,mi R-421 inhibitor(mi R-421i)and resveratrol significantly elevated the SIRT3 levels in H9c2 cells after PM_(2.5)exposure and mediated the expression of SOD2,OPA1 and Drp1,restoring the mitochondrial morphology and function.It suggests that mi R-421/SIRT3 pathway plays an epigenetic regulatory role in mitochondrial damage induced by PM_(2.5)and that mi R-421i and resveratrol exert protective effects against PM_(2.5)-incurred cardiotoxicity.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant/Award Numbers: 82030102, 82373676)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(Grant/Award Numbers: 2022-GSP-GG-1, 2022-GSP-GG-2)+2 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant/Award Numbers: 2017YFC0211700, 2018YFE0115300)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(Grant/Award Numbers: 2017-I2M-1-004, 2019-I2M-2-003, 2021-I2M-1-010)Research Unit of Prospective Cohort of Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Grant/Award Number: 2019RU038)。
文摘Background: Despite the adverse effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5) ) on type 2 diabetes and the beneficial role of physical activity (PA), the influence of PM_(2.5) on the relationship between PA and type 2 diabetes remains unclear.Methods: In this prospective study with 71,689 participants, PA was assessed by a questionnaire and was categorized into quartiles for volume and three groups for intensity. Long-term PM_(2.5) exposure was calculated using 1-km resolution satellite-based PM_(2.5) estimates. PM_(2.5) exposure and PA's effect on type 2 diabetes were assessed by cohort-stratified Cox proportional hazards models, individually and in combination.Results: In 488,166 person-years of follow-up, 5487 incident type 2 diabetes cases were observed. The association between PA and type 2 diabetes was modified by PM_(2.5) . Compared with the lowest quartile of PA volume, the highest quartile was associated with reduced type 2 diabetes risk in low PM_(2.5) stratification (≤65.02 μg/m^(3)) other than in high PM_(2.5) stratification (>65.02 μg/m^(3)), with the hazard ratio (HR) of 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-0.85) and 1.10 (95% CI: 0.99-1.22), respectively. Similar results were observed for PA intensity. High PM_(2.5) exposure combined with the highest PA levels increased the risk of type 2 diabetes the most (HR= 1.79, 95% CI: 1.59-2.01 for PA volume;HR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.64-2.02 for PA intensity).Conclusion: PA could reduce type 2 diabetes risk in low-pollution areas, but high PM_(2.5) exposure may weaken or even reverse the protective effects of PA. Safety and health benefits of PA should be thoroughly assessed for long-term polluted residents.
文摘Air pollution has been the most important health issue in recent years. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the results of regular measurements of air pollutants PM10 （Particulate Matter of 10 Microns in Diameter） and SO2 （Sulfur Dioxide） concentrations in the city of Istanbul by taking the years 2013 and 2015 as a sample. The data were obtained through the website http：//www.havaizleme.gov.tr, which was published by the Administration of Marmara Clean Air Center of Ministry of Environment and Urbanization in Turkey. For the years 2013 and 2015, the mean SO2 concentration was 8.35 ± 6.04 and 10.60 ±7.16 μg/m^3. The mean PMI0 concentration was 73.06 ± 30.63 μg/m^3 for 2013 and 51.57 ± 18.84μg/m^3 for 2015. The acceptable upper limit values by WHO （World Health Organization） for daily mean SO2 and PMI0 concentrations respectively are 20 μg/m^3 and 50μg/m^3. In Istanbul, SO2 concentrations were above the upper limit values recommended by WHO, but PM10 concentrations during 2013 and 2015 were over the recommended limit values by WHO. As the particulate matter pollution is at high concentrations during these two years, it has shown that air pollution emerges as a problem awaiting solutions in Istanbul, where is industrially intense, highly populated and also with high traffic density.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22176116)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province in China(No.201801D121260)the Hundred Talents Program of Shanxi Province in China(2017-7)。
文摘Fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD)morbidity and mortality.Mitochondria are sensitive targets of PM_(2.5),and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence of CVD.The epigenetic mechanism of PM_(2.5)-triggered mitochondrial injury of cardiomyocytes is unclear.This study focused on the mi R-421/SIRT3 signaling pathway to investigate the regulatory mechanism in cardiac mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in rat H9c2 cells induced by PM_(2.5).Results illustrated that PM_(2.5)impaired mitochondrial function and caused dynamics homeostasis imbalance.Besides,PM_(2.5)up-regulated mi R-421 and down-regulated SIRT3 gene expression,along with decreasing p-FOXO3a(SIRT3 downstream target gene)and p-Parkin expression and triggering abnormal expression of fusion gene OPA1 and fission gene Drp1.Further,mi R-421 inhibitor(mi R-421i)and resveratrol significantly elevated the SIRT3 levels in H9c2 cells after PM_(2.5)exposure and mediated the expression of SOD2,OPA1 and Drp1,restoring the mitochondrial morphology and function.It suggests that mi R-421/SIRT3 pathway plays an epigenetic regulatory role in mitochondrial damage induced by PM_(2.5)and that mi R-421i and resveratrol exert protective effects against PM_(2.5)-incurred cardiotoxicity.
