Technical Feasibility Study of Passenger Rail Service along the West Route between Las Vegas and Los Angeles

The study evaluates the feasibility of running passenger train service from Las Vegas, NV on the Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR), to Barstow, on the Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) track, to Mojave on UPRR track again, and to Lancaster connecting Metrolink to their destinations in Southern California. In this study, the railroad infrastructure was inventoried and issues related to running the passenger service were identified. Passenger train operation was evaluated based on the Rail Traffic Controller (RTC) simulation model. The performance measures of passenger trains including travel time, overall delay and average speed are analyzed. The uncertainty in freight flow and its impact on providing the passenger service is addressed by conducting a sensitivity analysis. The conclusion is that the existing railroad infrastructure is sufficient to provide a passenger train service from Las Vegas to Los Angeles. From an operational perspective, the passenger train is not expected to influence freight trains’ performance on the existing railroads. When freight train flows are increased to 50%, the influence of passenger train service on the freight operation is still minimal. This study recommends restoring a platform at the Las Vegas Station. At the Mojave Station, special care should be given on running the passenger trains where there is no direct railroad connection from BNSF to UPRR. Platforms and walkways require construction at the Lancaster Station for transferring passengers between the Metrolink trains and X-Train. Transferring the passenger train at this station involves stopping the train on mainline and coordinating the operations between different railroads.

SERVQUAL Model Based Evaluation Analysis of Railway Passenger Transport Service Quality in China

Railway is the backbone of Chinese transportation system,but its poor quality of services for passengers cause complains now and then.This study first analyzed the influencing factors of service quality on railway passenger,and its quality characteristics was also explained,and finally we proposed an evaluation system of service quality on railway passenger transport.Through the statistical analysis and processing of the basic information from survey data from railway station,trains and the official website of the ticket purchase,the evaluation score of question naire was converted into the score in evaluation index system,which was based on SERVQUAL model.Finally,the evaluation index system was applied to the field test,and all levels of indicators and the overall evaluation of railway passenger transport service quality was obtained.The relevant results show that the evaluation model of this study is concise and practical,and the method has certain practicability and promotion value,which is beneficial to the department of management supervision in railway transportation.

Research on Flight First Service Model and Algorithms for the Gate Assignment Problem

Aiming at the problem of gate allocation of transit flights,a flight first service model is established.Under the constraints of maximizing the utilization rate of gates and minimizing the transit time,the idea of“first flight serving first”is used to allocate the first time,and then the hybrid algorithm of artificial fish swarm and simulated annealing is used to find the optimal solution.That means the fish swarm algorithm with the swallowing behavior is employed to find the optimal solution quickly,and the simulated annealing algorithm is used to obtain a global optimal allocation scheme for the optimal local region.The experimental data show that the maximum utilization of the gate is 27.81%higher than that of the“first come first serve”method when the apron is not limited,and the hybrid algorithm has fewer iterations than the simulated annealing algorithm alone,with the overall passenger transfer tension reducing by 1.615;the hybrid algorithm has faster convergence and better performance than the artificial fish swarm algorithm alone.The experimental results indicate that the hybrid algorithm of fish swarm and simulated annealing can achieve higher utilization rate of gates and lower passenger transfer tension under the idea of“first flight serving first”.

Improving Railway Passengers Experience:Two Perspectives

This paper describes two perspectives to improve the passenger experience.The passenger satisfaction pyramid is introduced,consisting of the base of the pyramid(dissatisfiers)focusing on time well saved and the top of the pyramid(satisfiers)aiming at time well spent.The challenge in planning and design of public transport services is to find the most efficient(set of)design choices.Depending on the context this might either mean focusing on the top or on the bottom of the pyramid.We found that influencing and enhancing the qualities of the satisfiers is far more important than traditional studies showed us.For stations,regression analyses show that dissatisfiers are responsible for explaining almost half of the total score of the station and satisfiers are responsible for the other half of the scores passengers give for the station.We still have to put a lot of energy in getting the basics right,starting in the planning phase,but then we are not allowed to lean back.We have to keep investing in qualities like ambience,comfort and experience which makes the customers truly happy at the end of the day.

Research on the Real-Time Dynamic Evaluation of Public Transport Passenger Service Satisfaction Based on the Internet

The current method of evaluating passenger satisfaction primarily adopts the traditional static evaluation mode,which can hardly satisfy the dynamic regulatory requirements of highway passenger transport service quality set by industry management departments.In this paper,we summarize the characteristics of real-time dynamic evaluation under the requirements of hierarchical and classified evaluation and analyze the entire process of the one-time travel service of highway passenger transport.We focus on station waiting and in-vehicle services,extract the elements most concerned by passengers as evaluation indexes,and construct a three-level index system.Subsequently,a multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method based on the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is selected to construct a comprehensive evaluation model.By combining with the development level of electronic ticket purchasing and the requirements of satisfaction evaluation,we propose three data collection methods and compare and analyze their strengths and weaknesses.Finally,based on actual survey data,the effectiveness of the model is verified.The verification results show that the real-time dynamic evaluation index system based on the Internet can better satisfy evaluation requirements.

基于乘客服务水平和安全的城市轨道交通扣车方案评价

[目的]扣车是城市轨道交通发生长时间初始延误条件下经常采用的列车运行方案。为了评价该方案的合理性,需构建基于乘客服务和安全的扣车方案评价模型,并对扣车方案进行评价。[方法]考虑到乘客出行规律的复杂性和特殊性,制定了城市轨道交通扣车方案。构建了基于最大发车间隔、列车总延误时间、列车均衡性、终到延误列车数、滞留乘客数及乘客总旅行时间的扣车方案评价模型。选取上海某条轨道交通线路的4个区间,以早高峰小时的实际OD(起讫点)客流量为例进行计算。[结果及结论]计算表明,方案6下的综合评价指标最小,为最优扣车调整方案。该方案可以有效提高列车运行图的均衡性,减少滞留乘客的数量,降低车站的安全隐患。

铁路智能客站数字孪生模型研究

铁路智能客站数字孪生模型是智能客站的重要组成部分,对于客运组织方案、设备配置及布局优化、安全应急等仿真具有重要意义。研究提出智能客站数字孪生五维模型,给出客站物理实体、客站数字孪生体、客站虚实连接、客站孪生数据、客站孪生体服务的内涵;设计客站孪生体服务的具体内容,包括可视化调度指挥、可视化监控运维等车站可视化服务,以及客运组织方案仿真、设备配置及布局优化模拟、安全应急仿真、环境舒适度调控仿真等模拟仿真服务;研究客站数字孪生体虚拟静模型与动行为模型建模关键技术。构建清河站数字孪生体并开展试验,验证可视化调度指挥、设备虚拟巡检、车站安全应急仿真等功能,实现清河站通过数字孪生体全面掌控车站状况。

数字化公交为导向的常州公交客流提升策略研究

受社会和经济等因素的影响,目前地面公交客流出现不同层次的下降,如何深入挖掘制约客流的影响因素,针对不同的具体问题提出相对应的客流提升措施,是提高地面公交的行业竞争力,提升地面公交在居民出行中比例的重要策略。本文通过对居民出行调查和公交满意度调查,深入分析客流下降的原因,并结合公交乘客交通需求调查数据,以数字化公交为导向,从智能化采集数据、灵活化公交线路、数字化线网布局和信息化定制服务等方面提出改善措施。

既有铁路客车服役性能研究

我国既有铁路客车保有量大、运用时空环境复杂,其服役性能的演变对运行安全和运维保障带来极大挑战。为系统掌握铁路客车服役状态,调研我国普速客车运营现状,并以车体钢结构为例,开展影响客车服役性能的因素分析。调研发现,大部分普速客车已逐步进入服役中后期,5T等信息化手段实现了对客车的全面监控。不同运用环境下,钢结构腐蚀情况不同,随着运行时间/运行里程的增加,钢结构腐蚀有明显加剧趋势。针对服役期间RW25G车体和209P型转向架疲劳强度开展研究,各关键部位均满足服役寿命30年设计要求;针对服役期间YZ25T车体和CW-200K型转向架开展跟踪测试,发现转向架个别关键承载位置产生损伤值较大。针对服役期间25T型客车动力学性能开展研究,采用TPDS、TCDS和添乘等手段开展跟踪测试,并结合实测车轮磨耗数据和减振器劣化数据开展仿真分析,结果表明,在1个旋修周期内,车辆运行安全性存在一定冗余;随服役时间增加,转向架关键部件的性能劣化或失效会对车辆蛇行稳定性和运行平稳性产生不利影响;开展随机参数的动力学仿真,发现极端工况下轮重减载率上升明显,应予以充分关注。

基于MaaS理念的航空客运服务分析与探究

为提高出行者乘机出行的满意度,对传统航空客运进行了归纳与总结,通过问卷调查并结合相关文献分析出传统航空客运服务中存在的不足之处。为改进不足,提出基于MaaS理念的航空客运服务,在讨论其可行性的同时,构建了服务的框架图,并与传统航空客运服务进行对比分析。该服务方案以传统航空客运服务为基础,通过与第三方MaaS运营商合作,使乘客出行体验得到提升,以此提升乘客出行满意度,进而增强航空客运竞争力和市场活力,同时使公共客运水平得到提升,促进出行一体化发展。

高速铁路旅客智慧出行服务数据体系研究

新一代信息技术的发展给出行方式带来了巨大变化,旅客对出行服务提出了更高的要求。智慧出行服务有望利用数据信息分析与处理技术提升服务质量,但目前还存在数据标准不一、数据治理平台尚无、数据共享困难等难题。以高速铁路旅客服务为中心,贯穿出行前与售后、枢纽乘降与接驳和列车在途3个阶段,梳理旅客出行全过程的相关数据;以出行数据全生命周期管理为主线,从数据汇集、存储、治理、共享、应用与安全6个方面,设计高速铁路旅客智慧出行服务数据体系框架,并提出高速铁路旅客出行服务数据标准体系的建设思路,以期发挥高速铁路旅客智慧出行数据体系的数据价值,为智慧出行服务和运营管理发展提供理论依据。

基于定价因素和服务水平的公共汽电车票价制定方法--以青岛市为例

面对城市公共汽电车客运量下滑严重、财政补贴额度大幅上涨的压力,亟须制定符合新常态下城市发展特征的可持续公共汽电车票价政策。将公益性和市场化相结合,统筹考虑政府负担能力、居民经济承受能力和公共汽电车与城市轨道交通比价关系,对公共汽电车票价制定方法开展研究。以青岛市为例,通过与同类型城市进行对比,分别讨论人次票价成本比、运营补贴占城市财政收入比例、公共汽电车出行支出占居民收入比例、公共汽电车与城市轨道交通比价关系4个定价因素对公共汽电车票价制定的影响,确定平均人次票价初步方案为1.35元。构建由准则层4个指标、指标层14项指标构成的公共汽电车服务水平评价指标体系,基于服务水平综合评价结果调校确定平均人次票价为1.40元。结果显示,在这一票价水平下4个定价因素均处于青岛市合理目标范围。

铁路客车技术整备所线路配置规模研究

合理确定铁路客车技术整备所的整备线和车底停留线配置规模,对于节约用地和降低工程投资非常重要。TB 10029—2009《铁路客车车辆设备设计规范》第4.3.2条规定,按入所列车数量确定线路数量,并给出相应的计算表。结合规范修订工作,采用线性回归法和概率分析法对线路配置规模进行研究,并对该条规定在当前的适用性进行验证。研究结论如下:(1)按照列车运行图确定客车车底出入客车技术整备所的时间,分析其最大车底停留数量,从而确定整备线和车底停留线数量之和的方法,是确定客车技术整备所线路数量的准确方法。(2)按照入所车底数量和配置系数确定线路数量方法可行,全路客车技术整备所计算平均数量与运行图分析法计算结果的误差为0.3%~7.5%,符合性较好。(3)将3种计算方法应用到具体铁路客车整备所时,全路各所的均方根误差为25%~27%,该误差受运行图编制主客观因素影响,由各客运站列车终到/始发时间分布规律差异造成,可通过运行图调整来适应。

考虑多方效益的高速铁路客运通道合理分工研究

在铁路通道日常调图中,列车开行方案的调整能否与运行图相互协调显得尤为重要。通过对平行通道内旅客列车开行方案进行调整并与运行图进行综合优化并探究各方效益变化,可得到更贴合运行实际的调整方案,为铁路企业调图决策提供指导。通过构建出行服务网络对旅客市内出行时间进行描述,以运输企业成本及旅客出行时间最小为优化目标,以通过能力限制、列车到发时刻限制等为约束条件,构建非线性整数规划模型,从而实现列车开行方案、运行图调整一体化模型的构建,并调用商业软件对模型进行求解。以某平行通道进行算例分析,对模型有效性进行验证。算例结果分析表明,通过本模型求得的分工方案可对通道内列车进行合理分工,有效减少旅客出行时间。通过对调整前后各铁路企业效益变化情况进行量化计算,其结果可为铁路运营企业进一步优化开行方案提供参考。

城市轨道交通网络系统效率评价指标改进

为提高城市轨道交通网络系统效率评价指标的可比性和完备性,引入有效行程速度和有效客流密度的概念,改进了网络系统效率评价指标,并以重庆市中心城区2017年和2019年运营的城市轨道交通线网为例验证了改进后评价指标的科学性和可操作性。研究表明:既有评价指标由于显著受到线网服务范围的影响,且未体现网络的投入产出效率,无法直接作为网络结构优化的目标函数;改进后的系统效率评价指标能够综合反映剔除线网服务范围影响后的网络结构性能和投入产出效率,且存在理论上的最优值;平衡网络中节点换乘时间和路段行程时间,并适度加密城市核心区域的轨道交通线路和站点,是持续提升网络系统效率的2个重要手段。

GB/T 20986-2023在PSS民航旅客服务系统业务场景下的应用实践

围绕PSS(Passengers Services System)民航旅客服务系统在需求、设计、编码、测试、部署、应急预案及应急演练等软件开发生命周期的需求,遵循GB/T 20986—2023《信息安全技术网络安全事件分类分级指南》国家标准,通过将标准核心内容应用于业务场景进行实践,有效支撑了网络安全相关法律法规政策标准的落地实施,促进了企业内部各相关方达成共识,统一了对网络安全事件的认知,提升了软件开发生命周期各环节的安全合规能力,提高了软件安全能力和应急处理效率。

铁路客运服务标准及规章体系构建研究

近年来,我国铁路实施多层次、多元化的客运服务策略,对配套的客运服务标准及规章提出更高要求,而目前铁路客运服务标准数量较少,客运服务标准及规章体系仍待建立完善。通过分析国家层面、铁道行业层面、国铁集团层面铁路客运服务技术规章及标准现状,挖掘既有客运服务技术规章及标准体系存在的标准与规章体系协调性不足、铁路客运服务标准较为缺失、规章标准动态管理机制缺乏等问题。基于六维分析模型,研究构建铁路客运服务技术规章及标准体系架构及建议目录,提出铁路客运服务技术规章及标准管理规范建议,即:逐步建立国铁集团客运服务标准体系,完善铁路客运服务技术规章体系,建立铁路客运服务技术规章及标准动态管理机制,为规范客运服务质量标准及规章管理、不断推动客运提质提供支撑。

新一代高速动车组平面布局及旅客界面设计

高速铁路是人民群众出行的重要交通工具,随着国家经济的发展和国民生活水平的提高,人们对提升铁路出行服务品质、满足需求多样化存在迫切需求。通过调研国内外高速铁路行业列车平面布局及旅客服务界面,基于车上设施、给水卫生系统、车内环境控制系统等旅客服务设施的关联关系,总结新一代高速动车组平面布局和旅客界面设计原则,基于面向旅客的服务界面需求,深入研究客室布置、餐饮服务设施、给水卫生服务设施的多样化、多功能、智能化、人性化设计方案,提出面向旅客的新一代高速动车组平面布局及旅客服务界面设计方案建议。