Fuzzy Q learning algorithm for dual-aircraft path planning to cooperatively detect targets by passive radars

The problem of passive detection discussed in this paper involves searching and locating an aerial emitter by dualaircraft using passive radars. In order to improve the detection probability and accuracy, a fuzzy Q learning algorithrn for dual-aircraft flight path planning is proposed. The passive detection task model of the dual-aircraft is set up based on the partition of the target active radar＇s radiation area. The problem is formulated as a Markov decision process （MDP） by using the fuzzy theory to make a generalization of the state space and defining the transition functions, action space and reward function properly. Details of the path planning algorithm are presented. Simulation results indicate that the algorithm can provide adaptive strategies for dual-aircraft to control their flight paths to detect a non-maneuvering or maneu- vering target.

一种基于迭代近端投影的被动声纳探测离网格DOA估计方法

Traditional direction of arrival(DOA)estimation methods based on sparse reconstruction commonly use convex or smooth functions to approximate non-convex and non-smooth sparse representation problems.This approach often introduces errors into the sparse representation model,necessitating the development of improved DOA estimation algorithms.Moreover,conventional DOA estimation methods typically assume that the signal coincides with a predetermined grid.However,in reality,this assumption often does not hold true.The likelihood of a signal not aligning precisely with the predefined grid is high,resulting in potential grid mismatch issues for the algorithm.To address the challenges associated with grid mismatch and errors in sparse representation models,this article proposes a novel high-performance off-grid DOA estimation approach based on iterative proximal projection(IPP).In the proposed method,we employ an alternating optimization strategy to jointly estimate sparse signals and grid offset parameters.A proximal function optimization model is utilized to address non-convex and non-smooth sparse representation problems in DOA estimation.Subsequently,we leverage the smoothly clipped absolute deviation penalty(SCAD)function to compute the proximal operator for solving the model.Simulation and sea trial experiments have validated the superiority of the proposed method in terms of higher resolution and more accurate DOA estimation performance when compared to both traditional sparse reconstruction methods and advanced off-grid techniques.

Study on the Technique of Passive Millimeter Wave Detector

In order to initiate the flight immediately when it reaches the top of the pedrail vehicle, technical parameters of radiometer have been designed and speedy effective signal processing method has been adopted. After analyzing the difference of signal characteristic between the main jam and the target, a method of identifying target in time domain is given. The target distinguishing rules are set up by extracting the magnitude, the slope and the width of the signal, combining with distinguishing the dimension of the target. The result of the theoretic analysis shows that the detecting scheme adopted can ensure the detector to identify and orientate the pedrail vehi cle＇s top armour, as well as control the detonation precisely.

Simulation on the Models of Small Scale Passive Acoustic Sensor Arrays Based on Time-Delay Estimation Method

The passive acoustic localization with planar sensor array is introduced. Based on a method to eliminate the influence of effective sound velocity in passive detection, a new five-sensors solid array and its localization model are put forward. The factors that influence the precision of the localization are analyzed. Considering the errors from the factors synchronously, the simulation compares the solid array with the planar array. It can be proved that the five-sensor solid array is better than the four-sensor planar array in the estimation of bearing elements.

Model and Emulation of the System for the Passive Electrostatic Detecting People Through the Medium

The plane medium and point charge are regarded as an integral system. The static field＇s distribution situation of the point charge is studied in the medium structure of plane division layers by using mirror image method, drawing the point charge＇s calculation expression of the electric potential in every medium space. The mathematics model of passive electrostatic detecting people through the medium （regular distance between the goal point charge and the medium） is established, using MATLAB software to carry out emulation of the model and analysing the result, establishing the theoretical foundation for studying the technology of the passive static detecting people through the wall.

Robust and Passive Motion Detection with COTS WiFi Devices

Device-free Passive（DfP） detection has received increasing attention for its ability to support various pervasive applications. Instead of relying on variable Received Signal Strength（RSS）, most recent studies rely on finer-grained Channel State Information（CSI）. However, existing methods have some limitations, in that they are effective only in the Line-Of-Sight（LOS） or for more than one moving individual. In this paper, we analyze the human motion effect on CSI and propose a novel scheme for Robust Passive Motion Detection（R-PMD）. Since traditional low-pass filtering has a number of limitations with respect to data denoising, we adopt a novel Principal Component Analysis（PCA）-based filtering technique to capture the representative signals of human motion and extract the variance profile as the sensitive metric for human detection. In addition, existing schemes simply aggregate CSI values over all the antennas in MIMO systems. Instead, we investigate the sensing quality of each antenna and aggregate the best combination of antennas to achieve more accurate and robust detection. The R-PMD prototype uses off-the-shelf WiFi devices and the experimental results demonstrate that R-PMD achieves an average detection rate of 96.33% with a false alarm rate of 3.67%.

An Overview of Passive and Active Dust Detection Methods Using Satellite Measurements

In this paper,the methods to detect dust based on passive and active measurements from satellites have been summarized.These include the visible and infrared（VIR） method,thermal infrared（TIR） method,microwave polarized index（MPI） method,active lidar-based method,and combined lidar and infrared measurement（CLIM） method.The VIR method can identify dust during daytime.Using measurements at wavelengths of 8.5,11.0,and 12.0 fan,the TIR method can distinguish dust from other types of aerosols and cloud,and identify the occurrence of dust over bright surfaces and during night.Since neither the VIR nor the TIR method can penetrate ice clouds,they cannot detect dust beneath ice clouds.The MPI method,however,can identify about 85%of the dust beneath ice clouds.Meanwhile,the active lidar-based method,which uses the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization（CALIOP） data and five-dimensional probability distribution functions,can provide very high-resolution vertical profiles of dust aerosols.Nonetheless,as the signals from dense dust and thin clouds are similar in the CALIOP measurements,the lidar-based method may fail to distinguish between them,especially over dust source regions.To address this issue,the CLIM method was developed,which takes the advantages of both TIR measurements（to discriminate between ice cloud and dense dust layers） and lidar measurements（to detect thin dust and water cloud layers）.The results obtained by using the new CLIM method show that the ratio of dust misclassification has been significantly reduced.Finally,a concept module for an integrated multi-satellites dust detection system was proposed to overcome some of the weaknesses inherent in the single-sensor dust detection.

Correlation between microbubble-induced acoustic cavitation and hemolysis in vitro

Microbubbles promise to enhance the efficiency of ultrasound-mediated drug delivery and gene therapy by taking advantage of artificial cavitation nuclei. The purpose of this study is to examine the ultrasound-induced hemolysis in the application of drug delivery in the presence of microbubbles. To achieve this goal, human red blood cells mixed with microbubbles were exposed to 1-MHz pulsed ultrasound. The hemolysis level was measured by a flow cytometry, and the cavitation dose was detected by a passive cavitation detecting system. The results demonstrate that larger cavitation dose would be generated with the increase of acoustic pressure, which might give rise to the enhancement of hemolysis. Besides the experimental observations, the acoustic pressure dependence of the radial oscillation of microbubble was theoretically estimated. The comparison between the experimental and calculation results indicates that the hemolysis should be highly correlated to the acoustic cavitation.

Copy-Move Forgery Verification in Images Using Local Feature Extractors and Optimized Classifiers

Passive image forgery detection methods that identify forgeries without prior knowledge have become a key research focus.In copy-move forgery,the assailant intends to hide a portion of an image by pasting other portions of the same image.The detection of such manipulations in images has great demand in legal evidence,forensic investigation,and many other fields.The paper aims to present copy-move forgery detection algorithms with the help of advanced feature descriptors,such as local ternary pattern,local phase quantization,local Gabor binary pattern histogram sequence,Weber local descriptor,and local monotonic pattern,and classifiers such as optimized support vector machine and optimized NBC.The proposed algorithms can classify an image efficiently as either copy-move forged or authenticated,even if the test image is subjected to attacks such as JPEG compression,scaling,rotation,and brightness variation.CoMoFoD,CASIA,and MICC datasets and a combination of CoMoFoD and CASIA datasets images are used to quantify the performance of the proposed algorithms.The proposed algorithms are more efficient than state-of-the-art algorithms even though the suspected image is post-processed.