Optimization Strategy for Passive Form Design of Architectural Grey Space under the Background of Climate Adaptability

Taking the bottom grey space with great influence on outdoor thermal comfort as the research object,this paper summarizes the morphological characteristics and climate response methods of two types of bottom grey space:overhead grey space and canopy grey space.The spatial form indexes that greatly affect the ecological performance of architectural grey space such as ventilation,shading,etc.are discussed,and two passive spatial form indexes of spatial scale and location orientation are studied.According to the research of related scholars and literature summary,the optimization strategies for passive form design of architectural grey space based on climate adaptability are put forward,which will provide a reference for the climate adaptive design of architectural grey space,and helps to improve the outdoor thermal environment from the micro scale and create a better living environment.

NuBot:A Magnetic Adhesion Robot with Passive Suspension to Inspect the Steel Lining

The steel lining of huge facilities is a significant structure,which experiences extreme environments and needs to be inspected periodically after manufacture.However,due to the complexity(crisscross welds,curved surface,etc.)of their inside environments,high demands for stable adhesion and curvature adaptability are put forward.This paper presents a novel wheeled magnetic adhesion robot with passive suspension applied in nuclear power containment called NuBot,and mainly focuses on the following aspects:(1)proposing the wheeled locomotion suspension to adapt the robot to the uneven surface;(2)implementing the parameter optimization of NuBot.A comprehensive optimization model is established,and global optimal dimensions are properly chosen from performance atlases;(3)determining the normalization factor and actual dimensional parameters by constraints of the steel lining environment;(4)structure design of the overall robot and the magnetic wheels are completed.Experiments show that the robot can achieve precise locomotion on both strong and weak magnetic walls with various inclination angles,and can stably cross the 5 mm weld seam.Besides,its maximum payload capacity reaches 3.6 kg.Results show that the NuBot designed by the proposed systematic method has good comprehensive capabilities of surface-adaptability,adhesion stability,and payload.Besides,the robot can be applied in more ferromagnetic environments and the design method offers guidance for similar wheeled robots with passive suspension.

E-CONCAVE: Passive Design of Solar Detached House

With current resources shortages and environmental destruction,one of the important methods in building energy saving is to develop passive design and technologies. "E-concave",which is one of the entries in the Solar Decathlon 2013,has the core concepts of"Saving",Comfort","Unitization"and"Technology"and brings passive strategies( layout,insulation,daylighting,ventilation,material,etc.) into the design. This article aims to explore the utilization of passive design in solar detached houses through the studies on E-concave and tries to be an example to the development of sustainable buildings in China.

Study on the Optimization for Design of Indoor Natural Ventilation and Lighting Based on Passive Design Measurements

Based on the current indoor natural ventilation and lighting in the space of traditional residential buildings,this paper starts from the passive-design optimization of the spatial natural ventilation and lighting,and makes quantitative evaluation on the quality of current interior natural ventilation and lighting for two typical residential buildings by three indexes,including wind speed,static wind area ratio and satisfaction ratio about minimum lighting coefficient. Based on that, this paper conducts the passive design optimization, and establishes the quantitative association and reevaluation among the passive reformation design, natural ventilation,and lighting environmental quality,proposing the general strategy for the existing residential buildings to respond to the passive reformation design of the natural ventilation and lighting. The special reconstruction of core functionary space of integration of "the living room + dining room + partial space"is researched,and the redesign for the optimization and replacement of both indoor and outdoor enclosure parts is explored,which is expected to provide practical exploration on the strategies for passive construction of spatial natural environmental quality within a large number of highly-energy-consumed residential buildings in China,as well as the green design of residential buildings.

Reflection on Full Life Cycle Green Architectural Design of Passive Priority——Taking the Award Design of China Merchants Property 2013 Green Architectural Design Competition as an Example

In the China merchants property 2013 green architectural design competition,feature of this awardwinning program is the design method based on the principles of passive priority and comprehensive utilization of full life cycle. The passive priority can be achieved by building form derived from the simulation and analysis of wind environment,improvement of the building envelope insulation and the dehumidification of fresh air,the use of solar energy. The full life cycle utilization can be accomplished by the combination of exhibition and residents' leisure activities, and the integration with local cultural tradition, thereby improving energy efficiency and the utilization of the building.

Research on Passive Design Optimization about an Experimental Rural Residence in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Region of China

In China, rural residential environment under the poor construction measures has not been satisfactory due to the backward infrastructure of countryside and the lacking of professional planning, which will result in considerable amount of energy consumption in the future. The economy of rural residences in the hot summer and cold winter region of China is relative developed, but the indoor thermal environmental quality is not so good. In this paper, the design strategies directed by passive design ideas for a small experimental rural residential building located in Hangzhou city was introduced and researched in response to hot summer and cold winter climate. Through modeling solution undertaken by Ecotect software, the building performance was simulated and analyzed for the optimization of design factors, such as shape, roof angle, insulation system, shading devices, as well as day-lighting system. Based on the above study, a set of appropriate energy-saving technologies were provided for improving the new rural residences construction in Hangzhou, which should also be recommended to other projects constructed in the same climate region.

Discussion on the Intelligent Design of Ultra-Low Energy Consumption Passive Buildings

With the continuous development of science and technology and the gradual improvement of modem building technology, people pay more and more attention to the introduction of advanced technology in architectural design, such as the application of intelligent technology. With the increasingly severe environmental situation, people are increasingly demanding the environmental performance and green performance of buildings. The establishment of ultra-low energy consumption passive buildings has become one of the key construction contents of construction projects. This paper mainly analyzes the design points and architectural forms of related buildings from the perspective of intelligent control.

Discussion on Electrical Design of Passive Residential Building

As the national buildings in each climate zone and passive low energy consumption building demonstration projects expand,there has been a wave of innovation across the construction industry.China is also becoming a hot zone for energy-efficient and high-performance passive buildings.Along with the traditional passive building structure,steel structure passive construction,assembled PC structure passive construction such as the emergence of various types of passive construction,as well as a variety of new building materials,doors and Windows,and air conditioning air equipment,put forward a new challenge for building electrical engineering design personnel and requirements.

BioTRIZ Suggests Radiative Cooling of Buildings Can Be Done Passively by Changing the Structure of Roof Insulation to Let Longwave Infrared Pass

This paper demonstrates the application of a design tool called BioTRIZ. Its developers claim that it can be used to access biological strategies for solving engineering problems. Our aim is to design a roof for hot climates that gets free cooling through radiant coupling with the sky. The insulation in a standard roof stops the sun and convection from warming the thermal mass. But it also restricts the mass＇s longwave view of the cool sky. Different solutions to this conflict are offered by BioTRIZ. The chosen solution is to replace the standard insulation component with an open cell honeycomb. The vertical cells would allow longwave radiation to pass, while arresting convection. The solutions offered by BioTRIZ＇s technological counterpart include no such changes in structure. It is estimated that the thermal mass in the biomimetic roof would remain on average 4.5℃ cooler than in a standard roof over a year in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

TOOL DESIGN OF ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING WITH PASSIVATED ELECTROLYTE

Based on analysis of electrochemical machining ( ECM) process and application of finite ele- ment technique ( FET) , a method of tool design is presented which can be used in ECM with passivated electrolyte. As a result of specific treatment to boundary conditions, this method needs much less com- puting time and memory space. It has been shown that the theoretical results correspond well with the experimental ones .

被动式封隔器的国产化研发

通过对被动式封隔器结构组成、工作原理和主要功能的研究,提出国产化研发方案。对被动式封隔器的主要部件进行力学性能理论分析和仿真模拟,并针对被动式封隔器在实际运行中存在的问题进行优化设计。改进后的国产被动式封隔器顺利通过多项原型试验,并获得法国船级社(BV)审查认证。试验结果表明,国产化研发的被动式封隔器各项性能均达到设计和使用要求。被动式封隔器的成功研制及其国产化为有效降低工程项目成本、提高行业核心竞争力打下坚实基础。

岭南乡土建筑可持续被动式节能设计策略

基于我国碳达峰与碳中和的目标以及我国建筑业的现状问题,岭南乡土建筑可持续被动式节能设计迫在眉睫。以田野调查法和案例分析法为主,定性分析法和文献研究法为辅,从建筑选址、建筑总体布局采取多种措施进行建筑外部环境生态节能规划设计,采取多种措施进行建筑的平面、屋顶、墙体以及门窗的节能设计从而实现建筑自身被动式生态节能,采取多种措施实现建筑遮阳与采光的被动式节能设计。通过以上多种设计策略最终实现建筑可持续被动式节能,将有效改善建筑的通风、采光、隔热效果,大大降低建筑能耗,促进全国碳排放的降低,有利于我国碳达峰与碳中和宏伟目标的实现。

基于用户体验的下肢无源外骨骼设计优化研究

为提升可穿戴下肢无源外骨骼的用户体验。对外骨骼用户体验影响因素进行分析,并结合研究重点及专家建议构建了用户需求层次模型。基于Kano模型设计问卷对用户需求进行调研,统计分析调研结果对需求指标进行定性定量分析。以统计分析结果为依据提出了下肢无源外骨骼优化设计策略。明确了现阶段外骨骼产品需求属性及用户体验提升的设计策略,为后续产品设计及体验评价提供实践性依据,对后续下肢外骨骼优化设计具有指导意义。

燃料电池-锂电池混合供电系统的无源控制策略及参数设计方法

多源混合供电技术可有效地利用不同供电单元性能,在电气化交通系统中得到广泛应用。然而,随着越来越多的恒功率特性及强脉动特性负载接入供电系统,系统的稳定性难以得到保证。针对传统线性控制方法难以保证系统的大信号稳定性,而现有非线性控制的研究仍缺乏兼顾稳定性和动态性能的控制参数设计方法的问题,该文对燃料电池-锂电池混合供电系统设计基于无源控制和扩张高增益状态观测器的复合控制方法,并对控制器和观测器参数进行了设计,有效地保证了系统的动静态性能。在实验室搭建一套额定功率为3 kW的燃料电池-锂电池混合供电系统实验平台进行测试,结果验证了所提控制策略和参数设计方法的有效性和正确性。

林徽因《现代住宅设计的参考》及其住宅设计理论内涵初探

林徽因在《中国营造学社汇刊》第7卷第2期内发表的《现代住宅设计的参考》是《汇刊》中少见的关注现代住宅设计的论文,至今仍不失其学术价值。由于当时艰辛的写作条件,《参考》仅是一篇未完成稿,其内容在发表后近80年中尚未获得专门分析。本文将《参考》作为林徽因长期研究住宅建筑的阶段性成果,梳理其写作内容并尝试补足原文未及介绍的两个案例。在此基础上,本文提出《参考》记录了林徽因对住宅设计中社会调查、经济运营、功能策划、结构建造、能源利用等各个程序的关注,反映了她在住宅研究中科学化的方法论,蕴含着她对于住宅设计的体系性思考。

基于文献计量分析的中国被动式超低能耗建筑研究热点与趋势

为探索近年来我国被动式超低能耗建筑研究的热点和趋势,采用CiteSpace与VOSviewer基于中国知网和Web of Science作为中英文文献来源,搜索并提炼154篇中文核心及118篇英文核心有效文献进行科学知识图谱分析。研究结果表明,该领域的发展进程大致可划分为三阶段:发展阶段、增长阶段、延伸阶段,国内研究机构初步形成了较小团体的研究网络,但未形成大规模的研究团体。随着被动式超低能耗建筑的不断发展,多目标优化研究成为热点,其研究趋势也将更加注重针对当地气候和资源特点的定制化设计和优化,同时将更加注重实践应用和技术推广,以实现更加可持续、健康和舒适的居住环境。

基于新型超宽带慢波微带传输线的设计

效率高、体积小、质量轻的微波无源器件是5G频段移动通信覆盖的必备设备。文中在研究传统微带型曲折线慢波结构和开路枝节加载基础上,提出基于超宽带慢波微带传输线的设计并进行研究,利用电磁场仿真软件HFSS对该慢波微带传输线进行模拟仿真,仿真结果表明,超宽带慢波结构与普通微带线相比,频带宽,尺寸小,损耗低,成本低,满足5G通信系统的需求。最后通过对加载了所提出的新型慢波微带传输线的小型化U型移相器的实验数据分析表明,该新型慢波微带传输线在基站天线系统中有着广阔的市场应用前景。

被动式超低能耗建筑设计思路及方法研究

以实际工程项目为例,对被动式超低能耗建筑设计的相关问题展开探讨。论文分析了案例中被动式超低能耗建筑设计的难点,并从建筑布局、建筑单体、细部构造3方面对被动式超低能耗建筑的整体设计思路与方法进行详细介绍与分析。