Analysis of Strategy for Extending Patent Protection of Rucaparib

As a knowledge-intensive and promising strategic emerging industry, the biomedical industry has high entry thresholds, large R&D investment, long cycle, high risk and high return. In all technical fields, the biomedical industry has the highest dependence on intellectual property rights, and the protection of pharmaceutical intellectual property rights by domestic and foreign biomedical enterprises also runs through the whole process of drug research and development. Extending the patent protection period of drugs as well as forming and strengthening patent fortresses requires a patent network that surrounds drugs to maximize the value of intellectual property protection, which is also the focus of every pharmaceutical company with patent rights. By analyzing the patent portfolio of Clovis Oncology Company in the United States on Rucaparib and the patent portfolio of other companies or applicants on Rucaparib, we can have a clearer understanding of the strategy of extending the patent protection period of a new drug product.

Patent Protection in China

The nucleus of the patentsystem is to protect patent rights,i.e.,to protect the legitimate rightsof patentees and Interested parties.Since China’s first patent law cameinto force in April 1985,the ChinesePatent Office and local patentadministrative organs havecontinuously attached primeimportance to the protection ofpatent rights,and gratifying resultshave been achieved in this field.

Research on the Status of Patent Protection of Prostaglandin Analogues for Glaucoma in China

Objective To study and analyze the status of patent protection of prostaglandin analogues for glaucoma in China.Methods Patent literatures published up to April 7,2020 were retrieved by the keywords“PG”and“prostaglandin”on such patent information service platforms as SIPO,SooPat,and IncoPat.And then they were statistically analyzed by qualitative and quantitative means.Results and Conclusion A total of 300 patent literature related to prostaglandin analogues for glaucoma were obtained,and most of them were invention patents,including patents for composition and dosage form,indications and uses,related synthesis,the compound,and composition preparations.Prostaglandin analogues play an important role in the treatment of glaucoma.At present,China has a large number of patents applications,and the patent protection covers a wide range of technical fields,but the number of patents with valid legal status is relatively small.Therefore,China’s pharmaceutical enterprises and R&D institutions have more options in topic selection and project approval and patent protection strategies.

Patent Protection in Daily Chemical Industry in China

In this paper, the present patent situation of the daily chemical industry was analyzed. The development trends of China patent protection in daily chemical industry were analyzed including patent application trend, patent type and applicant type. As a leading enterprise, the patent protection situation of P＆G was analyzed, which is significant for domestic enterprises. Finally, suggestions for China daily chemical industry were given according to the analysis results and experiences of the leading company from the perspective of patent protection.

Managing Two-Echelon Remanufacturing Under Patent Protection

We propose a two-echelon remanufacturing model in the context of two periods in which the factor of patent protection of the original manufacturer is considered.Through the analysis of the Stackelberg game among the supplier,the original manufacturer and the remanufacturer we obtain the equilibrium solutions of the unit patent licensing fee of the original manufacturer,the recycling effort degree of the remanufacturer,the wholesale price of new and remanufactured core components and the retail price of new and remanufactured products in the second period which are all dependent on the retail price of new products in the first period in cases with patent protection and without patent protection.In the numerical study we analyze the impacts of the remanufacturing rate of used products and the retail price of new products in the first period on the equilibrium results of the second period,and make a comparison between the case with patent protection and the case without patent protection.

Comparative Study on the Domestic and Abroad Patent Application about Liquid Laundry

In this paper, a comparison on the domestic and abroad patent application about liquid laundry was provided which related to the patent application number and the change trend, the patent protection subject, patent strategy, and the patent application writing style. Especially, the applications from the domestic and abroad important applicants were analyzed. Based on the analysis mentioned above, this paper also provided the reference and recommendations from the patent view for practitioners of technology field.

药品数据专有权国际立法溯源与中国制度安排

药品上市审批对于药品安全有效性数据的专门审查要求,造就了涉及药品数据的独特知识产权保护机制。基于药品数据获取的高昂投入及其对于药品仿制与后续创新的重要价值,美欧发达国家在世界范围内率先建立了药品数据保护机制,其逐渐成为一项国际性的法律规则。无论是美欧发达国家的立法,还是相关国际法律规则,对于药品数据的知识产权保护都呈现从商业秘密模式向专有权机制转变的立法格局。产业利益驱动无疑是其中的一个重要诱因,但归根结底是源自药品数据专有权有效兼顾原研发药企经济利益与社会公众健康权益的制度优势。鉴于此,在药品数据专有权保护的国际趋势下,我国应从本土药品产业激励创新与规范仿制的基本诉求出发,以必要的内部限制与外部监管明确药品数据专有权的法律边界,并通过药品数据动态化公示平台的设置与药品数据付费使用模式的创设,建构起与药品专利制度有机衔接的数据专有权保护机制。

Research on Intellectual Property Rights Protection of Agricultural Plant Genetic Resources in China

On the basis of definition of agricultural plant genetic resources,this paper takes the two most important forms of intellectual property protection regarding agricultural plant genetic resources-patent rights and new plant variety rights as an example,to expound the current situation of intellectual property protection of agricultural plant genetic resources in China.It reveals the problems of intellectual property protection as follows:the awareness of intellectual property protection of agricultural plant genetic resources is weak;the system of laws and regulations is not sound;the protection system is not perfect;the management system lacks standardization.It further puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions as follows:promote the protection awareness of agricultural plant genetic resources in whole society;enact special law system to protect agricultural plant genetic resources;improve the management system of agricultural plant genetic resources;strengthen the international protection of agricultural plant genetic resources in China.

重大传染性疾病特效疫苗专利豁免的机制研究

专利豁免是提升重大传染性疾病特效疫苗可及性与可负担性的重要法律制度;专利保护在特效疫苗研发与普及过程中则具有激励创新的积极作用,但同时也呈现出有碍社会公共健康的负面效应;故适度的专利豁免不仅可破除特效疫苗的生产垄断,还能推进其充分供给。为保障重大传染性疾病特效疫苗专利豁免的有序开展,应秉持以人为本、与人为善的伦理原则,通过法律运行规范的合理构造与国际协调的有序开展以建立起该豁免的科学制度框架与高效实施体系。

个人健康信息收集的法律与伦理规制研究——基于可穿戴设备专利信息分析

近年来,公众对健康管理的重视程度不断提高,可穿戴设备专利应用前景广阔。然而,可穿戴设备在收集和使用个人健康信息时缺少规制,存在伦理和法律上的风险。通过专利信息分析,表明可穿戴设备专利当前处于研发热点,相关专利技术实施存在对用户个人健康信息的隐私侵害风险、管理漏洞风险和永久监视风险。本研究基于不同责任主体提出了具体的完善建议,以期促进可穿戴设备专利技术发展的同时确保其中所涉个人健康信息获得合理保护,实现技术创新与个人信息保护的双重目标。

某三级甲等医院专利状况分析及对策研究

目的了解郑州大学第一附属医院2013—2022年专利申请和授权情况,发现专利管理工作中存在的问题,并探讨对策。方法统计医院2013—2022年专利数据,对专利申请和授权情况、授权专利类型分布、专利技术领域、有效率和转化情况进行分析。结果2013—2022年医院共申请专利5145件,获授权专利3385件。2013—2016年申请量和授权量持续上升,2016—2019年迅猛增长,并在2020年达到顶峰,随后申请量和授权量均下降;发明授权权利占比较低,实用新型授权专利占比较高;无效专利占授权专利总数的31.99%,且专利转化率低。结论医院专利申请量较大,但高质量专利申请占比较低,整体趋势并不乐观。建议建立完善的专利管理体系,加大经费扶持力度,完善专利奖励制度,加强专利管理人才队伍建设,建立高价值专利培育体系,健全专利转化平台建设。

现代化中医药专利保护的制度困境与出路--基于对中医药特点与专利保护适应性的反思

符合西医药特点的专利保护制度在中医药现代化进程中难以适应。尽管现行专利制度已对涉及中药领域发明专利申请审查的特殊情形作出了具体规定,但在本土语境下据此保护主要根植于我国传统知识领域的中医药发明创造时,中医药的复杂性、整体性、道地性和时节性、差异性等特点仍未得到充分体现,并由此产生中医相关发明创造不具有专利适格性、专利审查缺乏一般性指导规则、申请文件难以通过合规性审查、申请主题的可专利性要求过高、关键性概念缺乏细化指导规则等问题。为此,可从专门审查标准的制定和商业秘密的补充保护两方面出发,寻求前述问题的具体解决方案,以应对中医药专利保护的适应性需求,从而完善中医药知识产权保护体系。

基于TOE框架的企业创新质量提升路径研究——专利战略化申请视角的分析

创新质量的提升对中国企业来说是实现效益可持续增长和保持竞争力的重要手段。近年来,我国在知识产权保护方面取得了巨大进步,在专利数量与质量层面均呈现出显著的提升趋势。在此背景下,国内企业申请专利的动机不再仅限于技术知识保护的单一目标,还包含了开拓国际市场、建立声誉和增加谈判筹码等。因此,我国企业以多动机并存的方式进行专利布局,而多元化的专利战略化申请动机对企业创新活动与结果产生了异质性影响。以中国医疗制造型上市企业为研究对象,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA),基于技术—组织—环境(TOE)框架,探讨技术(发明专利战略化申请动机)、组织(企业技术知识基础广度与深度)和外部环境(政府经费支持与区域知识产权保护)对企业创新质量的多元影响路径。研究发现:①企业发明专利战略化申请动机、技术知识基础特性以及外部环境之间存在联动匹配的多重并发因果关系,引致企业高创新质量与非高创新质量的组态结果呈现出因果非对称性关系;②引致企业高创新质量的组态路径有技术与组织协同型(P1)及技术—组织—环境耦合型(P2、P3)共3条,以及发明专利战略化申请的阻挡动机与国际市场开拓动机是引致企业高创新质量的关键要素;③企业高创新质量背后涉及多种因素的协同作用,通过多种组合以“殊途同归”的方式提升企业的创新质量。研究结论为企业在不同外部环境与内部知识资源的条件下,根据不同发明专利战略化申请动机,更好地利用知识产权保护以实现创新质量提升提供了理论指导与管理启示。

行人安全气囊的专利分析

行人与车辆发生碰撞时,行人安全气囊能够最大限度地降低行人头部、腿部的损伤,是道路交通安全的重要保障。通过对专利文件的检索和分析,介绍了行人安全气囊的专利申请情况、相关技术,探讨了其中的关键创新点和未来发展趋势,为行业的技术创新提供参考。

人工智能生成内容的可专利性及其制度回应

机器学习、计算机视觉、智能驾驶等人工智能技术得到日益广泛的应用,特别是近年来ChatGPT、Sora等以认知大模型为主的AI技术的加速迭代,将人类带入人工智能时代,人工智能正成为引领未来的新兴战略性技术。这些新质技术成果在给人类生活带来便捷的同时,也对社会秩序的诸多方面,如社会就业、网络安全、法律伦理等带来较大冲击。在知识产权领域,人工智能生成内容的可专利性及其权属等问题亟待廓清。在大多数国家的既有法律中未有人工智能生成内容相关规定,实践中极易引起相关权属、侵权纠纷,因此需要对现行专利权制度作出调整。从知识产权视角直面人工智能发展带来的冲击,分析人工智能生成内容的可专利性,认为无论是从AI生成内容的专利权客体属性,还是专利技术方案、专利“三性”等角度看,人工智能生成内容均具有可专利性。至于其专利权归属问题,涉及人工智能生成内容的AI研发者、所有者、使用者等多方利益主体,除各方事先或事后有约定外,应根据其实质性贡献认定发明人,并对AI生成内容专利申请的披露制度进行合理调适。

江苏省道地药材专利保护研究

文章探讨了江苏省道地药材的专利保护状态,对江苏省道地药材的有效专利进行检索挖掘分析,挖掘出江苏省道地药材有效专利以及各地市道地药材有效专利拥有状态、有效专利技术溢出外省以及江苏省道地药材有效专利申请主体类型。江苏省道地药材专利保护当前存在着保护薄弱、运营不够活跃、各地市保护差异较大等问题,江苏省应加强具有文化底蕴的道地药材专利保护,拓宽江苏省道地药材专利运营渠道,建立江苏省道地药材专利保护协调发展的新格局。

白酒企业专利保护对企业绩效的影响研究

我国白酒具有深厚的历史底蕴,对我国的经济具有深远的影响。基于内生增长理论,以2010-2021年中国13家白酒上市公司为样本,实证研究白酒企业专利保护对企业绩效的影响。研究表明,专利授权量占受理量的比重对白酒上市公司绩效有正向影响;白酒上市公司专利总数对企业绩效有正向影响;白酒上市公司的专利能力和质量水平较低。进而提出政府层面应强化专利立法及执法工作、鼓励发展专利中介服务机构,行业层面应成立专利联盟及推进校企合作、建立白酒专利知识平台,企业层面应树立专利意识及建立专利数据库、提高专利质量及提升专利转化能力的建议。

光伏产业专利诉讼现状与专利质量提升策略

近年来,我国光伏产业规模快速扩张,技术水平持续提高,创新成果不断涌现。随着新技术新产品的产业化加速推进,我国相关部门和企业愈发重视创新、专利布局和知识产权保护。文章根据智慧芽全球专利数据库中检索的数据,分析了光伏产业涉及诉讼的专利数量变化趋势、地域分布,对国内光伏产业涉及诉讼专利的诉讼类型及重点案例进行探讨,进而从加强研发投入以提高技术创新水平、建立完善的专利管理体系、注重专利布局与规划、积极参与行业标准制定以及加强人才队伍建设等方面提出了专利质量提升策略,旨在为持续完善知识产权保护机制,推动国内光伏行业积极创新,提升国内光伏企业的技术实力提供借鉴。