Analysis of Technical Intelligence of Tumor Cell Therapy Based on Patent Map

Objective To analyze the technical information in the field of tumor cell therapy in China,and to provide reference for identifying technical trends and predicting technical opportunities.Methods Based on the patent data in the field of tumor cell therapy in China,the patent map method was used to construct a scientific technical information analysis model.Then,the technical status of new drug research and development in this field was explored to identify technical opportunities.Results and Conclusion Studies have found that China’s tumor immunotherapy is in the growth stage.The technical innovation regions are mainly distributed in the east and innovative entities are enterprises.Technology hotspots are concentrated in areas such as A61P35,C12N5,and the patented technical efficacy is high.Besides,the technical research and development opportunities identified are closely related to the background in this field.To better promote the development of the industry,enterprises and research institutions should strengthen cooperation in technological innovation Meanwhile,they should pay attention to technical efficacy analysis to identify more technical opportunities,thereby effectively guiding innovation strategic decisions.

Patent Citations Analysis and Its Value in Research Evaluation： A Review and a New Approach to Map Technology-relevant Research

Purpose： First, to review the state-of-the-art in patent citation analysis, particularly characteristics of patent citations to scientific literature （scientific non-patent references, SNPRs）. Second, to present a novel mapping approach to identify technology-relevant research based on the papers cited by and referring to the SNPRs. Design/methodology/approach： In the review part we discuss the context of SNPRs such as the time lags between scientific achievements and inventions. Also patent-to-patent citation is addressed particularly because this type of patent citation analysis is a major element in the assessment of the economic value of patents. We also review the research on the role of universities and researchers in technological development, with important issues such as universities as sources of technological knowledge and inventor-author relations. We conclude the review part of this paper with an overview of recent research on mapping and network analysis of the science and technology interface and of technological progress in interaction with science. In the second part we apply new techniques for the direct visualization of the cited and citing relations of SNPRs, the mapping of the landscape around SNPRs by bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis, and the mapping of the conceptual environment of SNPRs by keyword co-occurrence analysis. Findings： We discuss several properties of SNPRs. Only a small minority of publications covered by the Web of Science or Scopus are cited by patents, about 3%-4%. However, for publications based on university-industry collaboration the number of SNPRs is considerably higher, around 15%. The proposed mapping methodology based on a ＂second order SNPR approach＂ enables a better assessment of the technological relevance of research. Research limitations： The main limitation is that a more advanced merging of patent and publication data, in particular unification of author and inventor names, in still a necessity. Practical implications： The proposed mapping methodology enables the creation of a database of technology-relevant papers （TRPs）. In a bibliometric assessment the publications of research groups, research programs or institutes can be matched with the TRPs and thus the extent to which the work of groups, programs or institutes are relevant for technological development can be measured. Originality/value： The review part examines a wide range of findings in the research of patent citation analysis. The mapping approach to identify a broad range of technologyrelevant papers is novel and offers new opportunities in research evaluation practices.

Research on the Status Quo and Countermeasures of Patent Application in Liaoning Biopharmaceutical Industry Based on Patent Map

Objective To study the patent map and the relevant theories of the patent development of biopharmaceutical industry for conducting a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the problems in patent application in Liaoning biopharmaceutical industry.Methods Literature review,information visualization method,empirical analysis method and comparative analysis method were used to research the problems in the patent application.Results and Conclusion While developing biopharmaceutical industry,Liaoning provincial government should strengthen the protection of pharmaceutical patents,creating a new R&D mode of“university+research institutes+enterprises+individuals”to broaden the scope of technical fields.Then,its biopharmaceutical industry will be developed in an all-round way.Besides,it should closely follow the national development direction so that the biopharmaceutical industry in Liaoning Province will have a bright future.

粉煤灰-煤矸石充填技术的科学知识图谱分析

基于相关论文和专利,分析了该领域的研发态势和主要国家、研究机构及其研发重点的分布特征,并在此基础上开展主题分析,梳理了研究方向、主题和发展趋势。结果表明,目前该领域的研究论文产出呈现波动增长趋势,相关专利数量则呈现上涨趋势,我国是目前开展相关技术研发最多的国家,主要涉及流变学、抗压强度、机械性能以及充填工艺等方面。提出了粉煤灰-煤矸石充填技术研发的前沿动态、技术路线、研企合作、政策标准等建议,以期为相关领域决策和研究提供科学依据。

中国机器人伺服控制技术竞争力及提升路径

中国机器人核心技术竞争力与国际领先国家相比仍有很大的差距,迫切需要提升以伺服控制技术、减速机技术等为代表的机器人核心技术竞争力。文章采用专利信息数据从专利数量、专利质量、专利价值三个维度对中国机器人伺服控制领域的技术竞争力进行分析,并将其与美国、德国、韩国等领先国家进行比较,剖析中国机器人伺服控制技术发展过程中的优势与不足,最后从技术联合研发、聚焦关键技术、研发方向等方面提出了技术竞争力提升的路径。

我国电网智能安全技术的关键专利分析

新安全格局下,为促进电网安全管理由传统模式向安全生产全过程数字化、信息化、智能化模式的转变,基于2008—2023年我国电网智能安全专利数据,采用网络中心度分析和主路径分析等方法,描绘专利地图;提取关键专利技术子群,并系统分析电网智能安全的技术发展情况、技术发展重点;基于专利地图和专家意见,运用熵权-优劣解距离法(TOPSIS),就我国既有智能安全技术社群对电网安全智能化的支撑度进行评价。结果表明:我国电网智能安全技术已形成11类关键技术社群,其中,电网智能安全过程技术是最丰富的知识群组。11类电网智能安全技术社群中,对电网智能安全支撑度较高的技术是智能控制技术、智能调度技术和网络通信安全技术。智能安全技术对电网传统安全目标中的安全管控能力和安全稳定能力有较好的支撑度,并对电网的现代安全目标中的安全治理能力和主动安全能力有较好的支撑度,但对安全韧性能力的支撑度不高。

中成药治疗心房颤动临床研究证据图分析

背景中成药是中医治疗心房颤动的重要手段,然而目前尚缺乏对该领域临床研究证据的全面把握。目的运用证据图的研究方法对中成药治疗心房颤动的临床研究进行梳理和总结,以了解该领域的证据现状与存在问题。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Embase和The Cochrane Library数据库收录的有关中成药治疗心房颤动的临床研究,检索时限为2013年1月—2022年9月。由2名研究员独立筛选文献、提取资料,以文字描述和图表结合的形式展示证据分布特征。结果最终纳入文献355篇,包括干预性研究323篇、观察性研究8篇、系统综述24篇。总体发文量比较稳定,近2年有下降趋势。纳入文献对老年、心力衰竭、高血压合并心房颤动的关注度较高,共涉及36种中成药,以稳心颗粒和参松养心胶囊占比最多。干预疗程以4~12周为主。结局指标对疗效和安全性指标关注度较高,对预后/终点、中医、生活质量、经济学、心理状况指标关注度不足。随机对照试验的偏倚风险大多判断为“未知偏倚风险”,仅1篇文献进行了研究方案的注册,存在设盲不足相关问题。Meta分析/系统评价的方法学质量测量工具(Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews,AMSTAR)评分在3~9分之间,多数研究只能得出“潜在有效”的结论。结论中成药治疗房颤已经开展了大量小样本、短周期研究,但是文献质量偏低,关注人群局限、干预疗程较短、结局指标选择不规范,临床选择应当谨慎,未来应做好顶层设计,以提高研究的影响力。

基于MapReduce构建专利技术功效图的研究

专利技术功效图是一种常见的专利地图,能帮助专利分析人员有效区分专利的密集区、稀疏区和空白区。提出了一种基于文本挖掘的方法从专利信息中提取初步特征词,再结合专家领域知识确定构造技术功效图的特征词。并引入了MapReduce分布式计算的概念,通过集群系统解决了传统方法处理海量数据低效的问题。

治疗糖尿病中成药的临床研究数据图可视化分析

目的了解中成药(CPD)治疗糖尿病(DM)的临床研究证据,展示CPD治疗DM的临床研究进展。方法查找明确提到治疗DM、消渴的CPD,通过检索数据库2016年1月1日至2022年11月7日的相关文献,采用文字描述结合Excel表格和数据图的形式分析检索所得纳入文献。并分析所纳入CPD的基本信息、研究人群中医证型及结局指标。结果纳入研究的有75种治疗DM的口服CPD,其中70种皆为纯中药组成,主要功效为益气、生津、养阴、止渴。共纳入315篇相关文献,气阴两虚证型最为多见;在结局指标的选择上,西医结局指标占大多数。结论CPD说明书中安全使用信息不全;CPD说明书表述笼统、适应证不明确;临床研究试验设计未突出中医药治疗方法和特点;结局指标选择种类较多,除血糖控制情况,对中医结局指标的关注略显不足。CPD的组方设计具有一定的局限性,中医结局指标使用较少,西医结局指标是该领域研究趋势。

基于专利分析的高精度地图技术研究

利用专利分析方法,构建高精度地图技术的技术分解体系,在充分进行专利数据加工处理的基础上,从专利申请态势、专利申请人分布、专利技术构成方面分析高精度地图技术的专利技术发展现状与竞争格局,并针对高精度地图技术的重点分支技术领域的发展情况进行梳理,最终提出高精度地图技术的发展建议。

氨法磷酸铁废水处理专利技术综述

本文主要分析了采用“硫酸亚铁+双氧水+磷酸+磷酸二氢铵”的氨法工艺合成磷酸铁生产过程中产生的高浓度废水;针对磷酸铁废水具有高氮、高磷、高硫酸根的特点,收集整理了近年来磷酸铁废水处理的专利;并将这些专利技术归纳分类成了零排放技术、回用与资源化技术、磷酸铵镁法、传统石灰法、硫酸钡沉淀法五大类;针对五类典型专利分别进行了简单的分析介绍;给出了技术对比;最后对磷酸铁废水处理专利技术进行了展望,磷酸铁废水零排放与资源化处理技术是最有前途的。

融合情景分析与多维技术创新地图的专利群规避设计——基于在线评论驱动的视角

[研究目的]专利规避是企业突破技术壁垒、提升竞争优势并获取领先地位的重要武器。针对已有研究多局限于产品技术系统功能设计,缺乏对用户需求、产品使用环境和未来不确定性的考虑,以及规避设计求解过程繁琐等,提出一种在线评论驱动下融合情景分析与多维技术创新地图的专利群规避设计方法。[研究方法]首先,通过在线评论分析用户需求,并深入挖掘产品在未来使用情景中潜在的隐性需求;其次,利用SAO语义分析、多维技术创新地图及功能导向搜索分别构建目标专利群和知识源专利的三级语义知识库;再次,通过知识迁移识别创新要素,利用多维技术创新地图的维-法耦合原理生成系列专利群规避设计方案。最后,以电动滑板车领域的专利群规避设计研究为例验证了本方法的可行性。[研究结论]结果表明,本研究所提方法能够帮助企业高效开展专利规避设计,加速产品迭代和技术进步。

Technology Foresight Research of Industrial Robot Based on Patent Analysis

In view of the lack of patent big data in research on technology foresight in the industrial robot field, this paper introduces an improved method based on patent mining and knowledge map. Firstly, SAO structure is extracted from selected patents, secondly, the similarity between patents is calculated based on extracted SAO structure, thirdly, patent network and patent map are drawn based on calculated patent similarity matrix, technology evolution process and future trends of industrial robot are summarized from patent network, and future potential technology opportunities are predicted based on technological vacancies identified from patent map. Finally, this paper identifies six key technical areas and four potential technical opportunities in the field of the industrial robot.

The Production of Patents and Evolution of the Production of Knowledge around Snow Avalanches

Scientific research on snow avalanches is relatively modem, yet in constant and rapid evolution, as the multiple disciplines involved in its development will, in turn, become more specialized and more technical. Patents are part of research and knowledge production. The scientific community and policy makers are increasingly interested in production of knowledge collaboratively. Almost all of the research being conducted on snow avalanches uses technology, technique or instrumentation. One main objective of this study is to draw from the literature the many technologies, techniques and instrumentations that are being used in research related to avalanches. Thus, a textual analysis of the most significant literature in the field of snow avalanches was done. In this analysis, techniques, technologies and instrumentations have emerged. A patent search has been done in databases. Subsequently, patents were conceptualized. The proportion of applicants for patents is higher in industry than in universities. The measure of exploration of the ongoing sociocognitive transformations of science and technology systems presents a useful tool to conduct a study to explore these transformations. It would be interesting for the scientific community, but also for the industry, to elaborate concept mapping when applied to avalanche research, which would help in determining referents.

基于离群专利和多维技术创新地图的技术机会识别路径研究

[目的/意义]鉴于离群专利所蕴含的技术创新重要信息能够为企业高效开展创新活动提供一手数据,故依托多维技术创新地图构建基于离群专利识别技术机会的路径。[方法/过程]首先,运用BERT-LOF算法(Local Outlier Factor)提取候选离群专利,并通过新颖性、应用范围和发展能力等指标筛选出离群专利;其次,运用BERTopic主题建模技术从离群专利中提取技术主题和创新元素,并依托多维技术创新地图对创新元素进行维度划分,进而与多种创新法则耦合识别出多个具象技术机会;再次,利用直觉模糊层次分析法对具象技术创新机会进行评价;最后,以3D打印技术为例,阐述该技术机会识别路径的应用过程。[结果/结论]BERT-LOF离群检测模型不仅有效提高了离群专利的提取精度,而且研判的技术机会能够为企业提高创新效率、降低创新成本提供科学的决策参考依据。

Technological Development on Layered Products for Foods and/or Foodstuff-Evaluation by Patenting Documents

Packaging is one of the most important methods of keeping the quality of food products for storage, transportation and end-use. The price of materials employed for packaging food has traditionally been high and used to be more expensive than the food itself. Technological innovations made possible to produce packaging materials cheaply. One of these processes is known as co-extrusion. This technique makes a film with two or more layers with different plastics not laminating the layers together with an adhesive, eliminating the use of solvents and producing a film in just one step instead multiple steps. In this background, our paper relates to the evolution on packaging for foods by using patenting documents. A search for patent documents was performed on free patent databases using keywords and International Patent Classification （IPC） codes related to this technology. As results： （a） 17% of the 21,472 documents found are focused on multilayer packaging for food; （b） 12 countries hold more than 90% of patents （38% Japan; 23% The United States of America; 7% Canada and 6% Germany）; and, （c） two peaks were perceived in the period of 1992-1994 and 2003, and matches, respectively, the Persian Gulf （1990-1991） and Iraq Wars （2003-invasion of Iraq）, so the historical tendency is confirmed： ＂wars also generate scientific and technological innovations＂.

专利视角下智能医用防疫机器人技术发展研究

[目的]:在新型冠状病毒病(COVID-19)传播未得到有效遏制的背景下,基于专利视角研究智能医用防疫机器人技术发展态势,促进企业进行技术创新、产品升级,具有现实意义。[方法]:采用DDA、DDI以及PIAS等专利分析工具,结合聚类分析和可视化分析技术,重点研究了智能医用防疫机器人专利技术现状,分析了优势技术分布情况和优势机构研究特点,引入相对技术优势指标评价各国在医用防疫机器人专利技术的比较优势,借用贝恩分类法分析专利的行业集中度。[结果]:医用防疫机器人整体产业目前处于分散竞争阶段,而手术机器人细分领域美国处于技术寡占地位;美国在该领域积累了大量高价值专利,培育了多家行业巨头;中国起步较晚,但发展迅速,拥有该领域最多专利申请量,相对技术优势仅次美国,但在领军企业培育和专利布局上,落后于德国和日本,竞争力不强。[结论]:结合市场热点和专利布局弱点出发,把握人工智能发展方向,充分运用现有专利技术、现有发明人等资源进行技术升级改造,实施专利导航发展战略,探索AI+医用防疫机器人的结合方法,为医用防疫机器人打开市场。

基于生成式拓扑映射和类比设计方法的技术机会识别

[目的/意义]精准识别技术机会对提升企业的科技创新实力至关重要,但已有研究大多存在细节解释性较差等问题,因此提出一种基于生成式拓扑映射(GTM)和类比设计的技术机会识别方法。[方法/过程]首先,经由IPC代码选择类比源与类比目标,确定技术间的类比关系,并基于GTM建立二者的专利地图,确定真空与非真空区域;其次,经由相似度建立类比目标真空与类比源非真空区域之间的联系,研判可类比的技术机会;再次,根据坐标映射至类比源对应的专利以筛选出高价值专利,实现对技术机会细节的解释;最后,以海洋天然气开采为例,验证了所提方法的可行性。[结果/结论]应用结果表明,所提出的技术机会识别方法能够高效提升技术创新机会细节的可解释性,进而为企业降低盲目创新风险提供科学的决策理论支持。

基于LDA-SNA和多维空间专利地图的核心技术主题及创新机会识别研究

为把握核心技术、精准高效研判技术机会,提出一种基于LDA-SNA和多维空间专利地图的核心技术主题及创新机会识别方法。首先,采用LDA-SNA方法提取技术主题及要素并筛选核心技术主题;其次,依托多维空间专利地图对核心技术主题要素进行归维处理,并选取创新法则依据维法耦合原理生成基于核心技术主题的技术创新机会;最后,以钛白粉浆料制备技术为例,检索并搜集到1 962条专利为数据集。研究结果识别出6个核心技术主题的7个创新机会,验证该方法的可行性,为相关企业进行技术机会识别以高效开展技术创新提供决策参考依据。

基于科技差距评估GTM专利地图识别的技术机会

[研究目的]识别具有科学可行性的技术创新机会,对企业降低研发失败风险和制定创新战略具有重要价值。[研究方法]该文提出一种融合式的识别科学可行的技术创新机会的方法。首先,选取GTM专利地图对专利数据进行文本挖掘可视化表达,识别技术空白并逆向解读;然后,对科学文献进行文本挖掘和ORCLUS聚类,获取科学知识主题;最后,通过TF-IDF向量的余弦相似值评估潜在技术机会与科学主题的相似性,筛选出科学可行的技术创新机会。[研究结论]对质子交换膜燃料电池进行了实证研究,识别出8项科学可行的技术创新机会,证明了该模型的有效性,可以为企业制定研发战略提供决策支持。