A new species of Discostella guiyangensis sp.nov.(Bacillariophyta,Stephanodiscales)from Guiyang,China:morphology and phylogeny

We describe a new species of Discostella from Guiyang based on light and scanning electron microscopic observations,as well as molecular analysis.This species is morphologically distinguished from other species by a relatively smooth and slightly recessed central area with marginal striae of unequal lengths forked near the margin.Marginal fultoportulae and a single rimoportula are situated between every two costae or on the costae.Both morphological characters and the concatenated data of rbc L and SSU rDNA indicate that Discostella guiyangensis is a unique and new species.According to divergence time estimation analysis,Discostella guiyangensis is the oldest species among the Discostella species sequenced currently.In addition,we complement molecular data of Discostella asterocostata and Discostella stelligera.

A New Species of the Genus Nanorana Günther,1896(Anura:Dicroglossidae)from Hengduan Mountains of China

An integrative study based on morphological data and mitochondrial molecular data of all known Nanorana(sensu stricto)species have revealed a new species from the Hengduan Mountains,N.huangi sp.nov.The new species can be distinguished from its congers by its:(1)medium body size,SVL 31.3–40.6 mm in adult males(n=12),39.2–48.1 mm in adult females(n=8);(2)absence of subarticular tubercles on fingers,with supernumerary tubercles below the base of the fingers small but distinct;(3)presence of dark dorsal patches without pale margins,generally creamy yellow ventral body basically,bright yellow ventral limbs;(4)small but prominent tympanum;(5)tibio-tarsal joint that reaches to the tympanum or the shoulder when hindlimbs adpressed forward towards body;(6)head length more than 30%of SVL.In addition,the new species can be separated from all other congeners by uncorrected genetic distances:ranging from 2.8%–7.5%of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA,1.1%–2.1%of the 16S rRNA,and 7.5%–11.5%of the COI.

Embryonic Development and Eclosion Season of New Species Berastagia (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Taiwan

This paper describes a new species of the snout moth Berastagia tainanica sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) from Taiwan. From 2009 to 2016, a biology study was conducted on population dynamics and embryonic development. Spring season is the peak of the eclosion of overwintering larvae or pupae. The average longevity of adult was 14.8 ± 6.2 days (N = 174), the average number of eggs laid was 259 ± 3 eggs/moth (N = 2), the hatching rate of eggs was 95.4% (N = 262), and the average hatching time of eggs was 99.6 ± 18.6 hours (N = 68). The average body length of males was 5.64 mm ± 0.91 mm (N = 30), and the average body length of females was 6.28 mm ± 0.84 mm (N = 30). This finding indicates that female snout moths are larger than males (Global R = 0.058, P = 0.012). The snout moth eclosion rate was 16.9 moths/100 pods in the first year (2010/2011, N = 2,224 pods) and 10.9 moths/100 pods in the second year (2014/2015, N = 6,382 pods). The pod borer rate was 31.8% (N = 707) and the seed borer rate was 41.2% (N = 3,628) in the first year, whereas the pod borer rate was 76.2% (N = 6,382) in the second year.

Steinernema tbilisiensis sp. n. （Nematoda： Steinernematidae）--A New Species of Entomopathogenic Nematode from Georgia

A new species of entomopathogenic nematode （EPN）, Steinernema tbilisiensis sp. n. is described. The species was isolated from soil samples of the deciduous forest located in the Tbilisi area. Morphological and morphometric data as well as phylogenetic analysis show that S. tbilisiensis sp. n. belongs to the group S. affine/intermedium. S. tbilisiensis sp. n. has been attributed to the group S. affine/intermedium on the basis of spicule and gubernaculum structure. The new species differs from other species of S. affine/intermedium group in the following diagnostic characters： the spicule of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. is the smallest and the gubernaculum of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. is shorter than other species of the S. affine/intermedium group. Infective juveniles （IJs） of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. are distinguished by a relatively long body （L = 866 pm）, the position of excretory pore （EP = 72 ram）, the length of the esophagus （ES = 140 ~tm） and the length of the anal body width （ABW = 25μm）. IJs ofS. tbilisiensis sp. n. have four lateral lines like S. beddingi, but the number of lines is six in S. affine, S. sichuanense and S. intermedium. Also the analysis of rDNA （28S and ITS） gene sequences depicts this Steinernema species as a distinct and unique entity. The symbiotic bacteria of S. tbilisiensis sp. n. was isolated and found to be Xenorhabdus bovienii using a multigene approach.

A new species of Macrophya Dahlbom(Hymenoptera:Tenthredinidae) with a key to species of Macrophya planata group

The Macrophya planata species group is proposed and defined by mesoscutellum very fiat with sharp lateral carina and the dorsal side of some antennomeres white. A new species of the group from Tibet, China is described： Macrophya acutiscutellaris Wei, Li ＆ Heng sp. nov.. The new species is similar to M. pseudoplanata Saini et al., 1996, but differs from the latter in body length 13.5 mm in female; apical third of hind tibia entirely black; antenna 2.5 times as long as head breadth; postoeellar area 1.6 times as broad as long; harpe weakly narrowed toward apex. A key to all known species of Macrophya planata group is provided. Type specimens of this new species are deposited in the Insect Collection of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

A New Species of the Genus Garra from Nujiang River Basin, Yunnan, China (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)

A new species of the subfamily Labeoninae, Garra nujiangensis Chen and Yang, sp. nov. is recognized from a secondary branch of Nujiang River （upper Salween） in Zhenkang county, Yunnan province, China. It can be distinguished from other beardless Garra species by the following combination of characters： 12 - 14 circumpedunele scales; 48 - 50 lateral- line scales; a pair of rudimentary rostral barbels present in little individuals; 8 - 9 branched dorsal-fin rays; 5 - 6 scales between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line and 3 - 4 scales between pelvic-fin origin and lateral line; caudal peduncle relatively stouter; length between snout tip to posterior margin of eye longer than body depth at anal fin origin; head length longer than body depth at dorsal fin origin; prepelvic length 50.0% - 53.7% of standard length; pre-anus length 58.9% - 63.9% of standard length; body width 16.7% - 19.6% of standard length; body depth at dorsal fin 19.2% - 22.6% of standard length. The present study also verified that the presence of tiny barbells is a juvenile character in some beardless Garra species, such as G. nujiangensis and G. alticorpora.

A New Species of Subgenus Simulium (Tetisimulium)(Diptera:Simuliidae) from Qinghai,China

Simulium (Tetisimulium) xiaodaoense sp. nov. is described based on the female specimens collected from Qinghai, China. This species is assigned to the subgenus Tetisimulium, and is closely related to S. (T.) tachengense An and Mahe, 1994 and S. (T.) wutaishanense An and Yan, 2003. However, it is clearly differentiated from them by the structure of gonapophyses, genital fork, genital plate, paraproct and cercus of the female. All the specimens are kept in the Medical Entomology Collection Gallery, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing.

Four New Species of Tomocerus (Collembola: Tomoceridae) from China

Four new species of Tomocerus Nicolet are described from China. They are Tomocerus (Tomocerina) purpurithorus, Tomocerus (Tomocerina) calceus, Tomocerus (s.str.) emeicus, Tomocerus (s.str.) maximus. All the type specimens are kept in the Department of Agronomy, Mianyang Economy and Technology College, Mianyang, Sichuan, China.

The Genus Epoligosita from Xinjiang,with Descriptions of Two New Species(Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae)

The genus Epoligosita Girault is briefly reviewed. Two new species and one new record species in China are described and illustrated. The specimens examined are deposited in the Life Science and Technology College, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China and Biological Control Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China respectively.

A New Species of Mazarredia Bolivar (Orthoptera:Tetrigoidea:Metrodoridae) from China

One new species of the genus Mazarredia Bolivar, Mazarredia nigripennis sp. nov. is described. This new species can be distinguished from Mazarredia brachynota Zheng, 2005 by： 1） width of longitudinal furrow narrower than width of first segment of antennae; 2） with a pair short longitudinal keels between shoulders; 3） hind process of pronotum slightly surpassing the top of hind femora and reaching the base of hind tibia; 4） hind wings reaching the top of hind process; 5） width of midfemur wider than the width of tegmina. Type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Shaanxi Normal University, China （2♂） and Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Hechi University, China （1 ♂）.

A New Species of the Genus Homidia (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from West China

A new species, Homidia mediofascia sp. nov., from West China is described. It is easily separated from the other Homidia species by the median longitudinal stripe from Th. Ⅱ to Abd. Ⅱ, the macrochaeta al on Abd. Ⅰ, 7＋7 macrochaetae on posterior side of Abd. Ⅳ, and four smooth setae on posterior side of the ventral tube. A table on characters of five closely related Homidia species is provided.

A New Species of the Genus Dexagria (Diptera:Sarcophagidae) From Sichuan,China

A new species of the sarcophagid fly,Dexagria kangdingica Feng et Deng,sp.nov.is described and illustrated from western Sichuan,China.The type specimen is deposited in the Entomological Museum,Institute of Plant Physiology Ecology,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai,China.

A New Species of the Genus Homidia(Collembola:Entomobryidae) from Zhejiang Province,China

A new species,Homidia unichaeta,sp.nov.from East China is described.It is characterized by colour pattern,only one posterior macrochaeta on Abd.IV,labial setae E and L1 smooth,seta pi spiny and slightly thinner and about 1.5 times as long as bs1 and bs2.The three similar species of Homidia are compared.

A New Species of Homidia (Collembola: Entomobryidae) from Wenzhou, with a Key to the Homidia Species from Zhejiang Province

Homidia hexaseta sp. nov. is reported from Wuyanling National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province. This new species is characterized by colour pattern, 6 sutural macrochaeta on dorsal head, smooth seta L1 on labial base, seta p4＋ present on Th. II, seta a2 present on medial Abd. III, seta B6 as macrochaeta on Abd. IV, setae Ae5-7 present on Abd. IV and subapical tooth of mucro obviously larger than apical one. A key to the Homidia species from Zhejiang Province is also provided.

A New Species and a Newly Recorded Species of the Genus Paratendipes Kieffer (Diptera: Chironomidae) from China

A new species of Paratendipes Kieffer, P. angustus sp. nov., is described and the male is illustrated. P. subaequalis （Malloch, 1915） is recorded in China for the first time.

Description of a new species and a newly recorded species in the genus Eukiefferiella Thienemann,1926(Diptera:Chironomidae) from China

A new species, Eukiefferiella celata sp. nov., and a newly recorded species, E. brehmi Gouin, 1943, are described and illustrated as male imagines. A new synonym is proposed： E. togaeuquinta Sasa ＆ Okazawa, 1992, syn. nov. （= E. brehmi）.

Two New Species of the Genus Rondaniella Johannsen (Diptera:Mycetophilidae) from China

In this paper two new species of Rondaniella Johannsen, 1909 from China are described. The type specimens are deposited in Zhejiang Forestry College, China.

A New Species of the Ant Genus Strongylognathus Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Shaanxi, China

A new ant species, Strongylognathus tylonum , sp. n. is described from Mt. Taibai in Shaanxi Province, China. Description is given for the worker caste. The species is morphologically close to S. karawajewi Pisarski. A key based on worker caste is preposed for the 3 species known in China. The type specimens of the new species is deposited in the Insect Collection, College of Forestry, Northwest Sci Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry.

A new species in the genus Saxetophilus Umnov(Orthoptera:Arcypteridae) from Qinghai,China

Abstract： In this present paper, one new species in the genus Saxetophilus Umnov from Qinghai Province, Saxetophilus qinghaiensis sp. nov., is described. This new species is allied to Saxetophilus gansuensis Wang et al., 2006 and Saxetophilus mistshenkoi Naumovitsh, 1988. It differs from both of them in： l） widest between lateral keels of pronotum by 3.30-3.75 times （~） or 3.00-3.60 times （~） length of median keel in metazona; and 2） interspace of mesosternal lobes wider than that of lateral lobes. Type specimens are at the Institute of Zoology, Shaanxi Normal University.

Seven new species and a key to species of Siobla(Hymenoptera:Tenthredinidae) from Shaanxi,China

The species of Siobla Cameron from Shaanxi, northwestern China are investigated. Seven new species are described： Siobla centralia Niu ＆ Wei sp. nov., S. curvata Niu ＆ Wei sp. nov., S. listoni Niu ＆ Wei sp. nov., S. pseudoplesia Niu ＆ Wei sp. nov., S. qinba Niu ＆ Wei sp. nov., S. shaanxi Niu ＆ Wei sp. nov., and S. vulgaria Niu ＆ Wei sp. nov. A key to the 26 known species of Siobla from Shaanxi is provided.