The growth of international banks in China occurred after the ＂open-door＂ policy implemented. With the China accession to WTO, the effect of international banks to our economy and politics become more important. If ...The growth of international banks in China occurred after the ＂open-door＂ policy implemented. With the China accession to WTO, the effect of international banks to our economy and politics become more important. If international banks want to succeed in China over the next ten years so that the market as a whole develops and matures, they need the Chinese banks to be successful in their restructuring program. There is truly a win-win outcome here if all segments of the banking community recognize the benefit of improving the competitiveness of the Chinese banking industry as a whole. This article analyzes the pattern and strategy of expansion of international banks in China, for the purpose of showing some enlightenment to domestic banks.展开更多
Soil seed bank refers to the sum of upper litter decay and all survival seeds in the soil. It plays a unique role in restoring the surface vegetation and protecting biodiversity. Chinese scholars have carried out exte...Soil seed bank refers to the sum of upper litter decay and all survival seeds in the soil. It plays a unique role in restoring the surface vegetation and protecting biodiversity. Chinese scholars have carried out extensive researches on the soil seed bank,and have obtained considerable achievements. On the basis of reading extensive literature,this paper summarized the current research results and found that the research contents of soil seed bank in China mainly involve the following aspects:( i) research method of soil seed bank;( ii) classification system of soil seed bank;( iii) spatial pattern of soil seed bank;( iv) relationship between soil seed bank and surface vegetation;( v) dynamic characteristic and seedling replanting of soil seed bank;( vi) application of soil seed bank in vegetation restoration. On the basis of the above summary,it came up with existing problems and future research direction of China's soil seed bank from system construction,field observation,disciplinary combination,interference factors,and community succession.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of seed banks in six land use types of urban wetland in Hangzhou Xixi. The results show that the seed bank density of abandoned farmland and farmland are mor...The aim of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of seed banks in six land use types of urban wetland in Hangzhou Xixi. The results show that the seed bank density of abandoned farmland and farmland are more than the others. The seed banks density of the uprightness in abandoned farmland, pond bank I, II and bamboo non-timber forest are downtrend, which is different from the pattern of low-high-low in farmland, and there is no difference among the density of three lays in man-made landscape area. There are 35 families and 102 species totally according to six different land use types of urban wetland in Hangzhou Xixi. A part of its seed bank types obtain the seeds of shrub, which the annual and perennial seeds use the interval of early spring to germinate as the same as farmland type. Farmland type also owns another small part of the seed banks which germinate in Autumn. The seed banks type of bamboo non-timber forest and pond bank are the herbage and shrub type germinating under the condition of drought and interference with the contribution of permanent seed banks.展开更多
文摘The growth of international banks in China occurred after the ＂open-door＂ policy implemented. With the China accession to WTO, the effect of international banks to our economy and politics become more important. If international banks want to succeed in China over the next ten years so that the market as a whole develops and matures, they need the Chinese banks to be successful in their restructuring program. There is truly a win-win outcome here if all segments of the banking community recognize the benefit of improving the competitiveness of the Chinese banking industry as a whole. This article analyzes the pattern and strategy of expansion of international banks in China, for the purpose of showing some enlightenment to domestic banks.
基金Supported by Project of Natural Science Foundation of Tibet Autonomous Region(2016ZR-15-40)
文摘Soil seed bank refers to the sum of upper litter decay and all survival seeds in the soil. It plays a unique role in restoring the surface vegetation and protecting biodiversity. Chinese scholars have carried out extensive researches on the soil seed bank,and have obtained considerable achievements. On the basis of reading extensive literature,this paper summarized the current research results and found that the research contents of soil seed bank in China mainly involve the following aspects:( i) research method of soil seed bank;( ii) classification system of soil seed bank;( iii) spatial pattern of soil seed bank;( iv) relationship between soil seed bank and surface vegetation;( v) dynamic characteristic and seedling replanting of soil seed bank;( vi) application of soil seed bank in vegetation restoration. On the basis of the above summary,it came up with existing problems and future research direction of China's soil seed bank from system construction,field observation,disciplinary combination,interference factors,and community succession.
文摘The aim of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of seed banks in six land use types of urban wetland in Hangzhou Xixi. The results show that the seed bank density of abandoned farmland and farmland are more than the others. The seed banks density of the uprightness in abandoned farmland, pond bank I, II and bamboo non-timber forest are downtrend, which is different from the pattern of low-high-low in farmland, and there is no difference among the density of three lays in man-made landscape area. There are 35 families and 102 species totally according to six different land use types of urban wetland in Hangzhou Xixi. A part of its seed bank types obtain the seeds of shrub, which the annual and perennial seeds use the interval of early spring to germinate as the same as farmland type. Farmland type also owns another small part of the seed banks which germinate in Autumn. The seed banks type of bamboo non-timber forest and pond bank are the herbage and shrub type germinating under the condition of drought and interference with the contribution of permanent seed banks.
