Based on a synthetic geological study of drilling, well logging and core observations, two main genetic types of Chang 9sand body in Odors Basin were recognized, which included two effects, that is, delta environment ...Based on a synthetic geological study of drilling, well logging and core observations, two main genetic types of Chang 9sand body in Odors Basin were recognized, which included two effects, that is, delta environment and tractive current effects that lead to the development of mouth bar, distal bar, sheet sand and other sand bodies of subaerial and subaqueous distributary channel,natural levee, flood fan and delta front, and shore-shallow lake environment and lake flow transformation effects that result in the development of sandy beach bar, sheet sand and other sand bodies. Chang 9 sand body mainly developed five basic vertical structures, namely box shape, campaniform, infundibuliform, finger and dentoid. The vertical stacking patterns of multilayer sand body was complex, and the common shapes included box shape + box shape, campaniform + campaniform, campaniform + box shape, infundibuliform + infundibuliform, campaniform + infundibuliform, box shape + campaniform, box shape + infundibuliform,and finger + finger. Based on the analysis on major dominating factors of vertical structure of sand body, sedimentary environment,sedimentary facies and rise, fall and cycle of base level are identified as the major geological factors that control the vertical structure of single sand body as well as vertical stacking patterns and distribution of multistory sand bodies.展开更多
柴达木盆地既是响应青藏高原气候暖湿化的敏感区,又是生态环境脆弱带,评估该区域降水时空格局对水资源合理利用以及生态环境治理至关重要,然而盆地内部气象台站稀少且分布不均,为区域降水插值带来挑战。本文使用专业气象插值软件ANUSPLI...柴达木盆地既是响应青藏高原气候暖湿化的敏感区,又是生态环境脆弱带,评估该区域降水时空格局对水资源合理利用以及生态环境治理至关重要,然而盆地内部气象台站稀少且分布不均,为区域降水插值带来挑战。本文使用专业气象插值软件ANUSPLIN(Australian National University Spline)模型进行插值,以柴达木盆地及其周边气象台站2019年降水数据为基础,参与插值的气象台站数和9种薄盘光滑样条函数(独立变量、协变量和样条次数多种组合)为第三变量,筛选最优插值台站数和最优模型,并分析该区域2000-2019年降水时空格局。结果表明:(1)选择盆地内部及其周边共120个气象台站,三变量局部薄盘光滑样条函数(TVPTPS4)进行区域尺度降水插值精度最高,均方根误差(RTGCV)、期望真实均方误差(RTMSE)和信噪比(SNR)均达到最小值,分别小于0.6 mm、0.3 mm和0.25。(2)柴达木盆地降水量具有地域分布差异和季节性特征。年、季降水量东丰西少,具有明显的经向地带性特征;四季中夏季降水量最大,占全年总量的62.13%。(3)2000-2019年,柴达木盆地年均、季节平均降水量均呈上升趋势,其中夏季降水量显著增加,最大增速达5.85 mm·a^(-1)(p<0.05),显著增加区域约占盆地总面积的42.36%。本研究结果证明AUNSPLIN模型结果能更清晰地表达出柴达木盆地降水的分布状况,对于该区域水资源优化配置和管理等具有重要的理论和现实意义。展开更多
在人类活动导致的生态环境问题中,土地利用格局变化对区域生态安全起着决定性作用。选择我国乃至在世界上都罕见的多沙、粗沙、强烈水土流失的黄河皇甫川流域作为研究区域,针对土壤侵蚀和生态用水这两大影响流域生态安全的关键问题,开...在人类活动导致的生态环境问题中,土地利用格局变化对区域生态安全起着决定性作用。选择我国乃至在世界上都罕见的多沙、粗沙、强烈水土流失的黄河皇甫川流域作为研究区域,针对土壤侵蚀和生态用水这两大影响流域生态安全的关键问题,开展土地利用变化模拟、土壤侵蚀3S监测、适宜植被盖度估算、土壤侵蚀情景模拟、土地利用格局优化等方面的综合研究。结果表明:(1)土地利用格局变化是导致土壤侵蚀变化的重要因素。从1987年到2015年,建筑用地、林地和灌丛面积增加,水域、沙地和裸砒砂岩面积减少,导致流域年平均土壤侵蚀模数由16160.72 t km-2a-1降至9710.72 t km-2a-1。(2)土地利用类型与土壤侵蚀模数密切相关并存在一定规律。6种不同土地利用类型多年平均土壤侵蚀模数的大小顺序为:裸砒砂岩>沙地>耕地>草地>林地>灌丛,表明灌、林措施是流域植被恢复和土壤侵蚀减少的首选。(3)土地利用结构和空间格局优化有助于提升区域生态安全水平。在优化格局下,2007年和2015年土壤侵蚀模数比优化前分别减少5469.57 t km-2a-1和5432.77 t km-2a-1,优化后2015年土壤侵蚀模数仅为4277.95 t km-2a-1,低于流域自然侵蚀临界值或允许土壤侵蚀模数5300 t km-2a-1,优化土地利用格局成为加强流域生态环境建设的重要途径。展开更多
基金Project(2011D-5006-0105)supported by the Technology Innovation Foundation of CNPC,ChinaProject(SZD0414)supported by the Key Discipline of Mineral Prospecting and Exploration of Sichuan Province,China
文摘Based on a synthetic geological study of drilling, well logging and core observations, two main genetic types of Chang 9sand body in Odors Basin were recognized, which included two effects, that is, delta environment and tractive current effects that lead to the development of mouth bar, distal bar, sheet sand and other sand bodies of subaerial and subaqueous distributary channel,natural levee, flood fan and delta front, and shore-shallow lake environment and lake flow transformation effects that result in the development of sandy beach bar, sheet sand and other sand bodies. Chang 9 sand body mainly developed five basic vertical structures, namely box shape, campaniform, infundibuliform, finger and dentoid. The vertical stacking patterns of multilayer sand body was complex, and the common shapes included box shape + box shape, campaniform + campaniform, campaniform + box shape, infundibuliform + infundibuliform, campaniform + infundibuliform, box shape + campaniform, box shape + infundibuliform,and finger + finger. Based on the analysis on major dominating factors of vertical structure of sand body, sedimentary environment,sedimentary facies and rise, fall and cycle of base level are identified as the major geological factors that control the vertical structure of single sand body as well as vertical stacking patterns and distribution of multistory sand bodies.
文摘柴达木盆地既是响应青藏高原气候暖湿化的敏感区,又是生态环境脆弱带,评估该区域降水时空格局对水资源合理利用以及生态环境治理至关重要,然而盆地内部气象台站稀少且分布不均,为区域降水插值带来挑战。本文使用专业气象插值软件ANUSPLIN(Australian National University Spline)模型进行插值,以柴达木盆地及其周边气象台站2019年降水数据为基础,参与插值的气象台站数和9种薄盘光滑样条函数(独立变量、协变量和样条次数多种组合)为第三变量,筛选最优插值台站数和最优模型,并分析该区域2000-2019年降水时空格局。结果表明:(1)选择盆地内部及其周边共120个气象台站,三变量局部薄盘光滑样条函数(TVPTPS4)进行区域尺度降水插值精度最高,均方根误差(RTGCV)、期望真实均方误差(RTMSE)和信噪比(SNR)均达到最小值,分别小于0.6 mm、0.3 mm和0.25。(2)柴达木盆地降水量具有地域分布差异和季节性特征。年、季降水量东丰西少,具有明显的经向地带性特征;四季中夏季降水量最大,占全年总量的62.13%。(3)2000-2019年,柴达木盆地年均、季节平均降水量均呈上升趋势,其中夏季降水量显著增加,最大增速达5.85 mm·a^(-1)(p<0.05),显著增加区域约占盆地总面积的42.36%。本研究结果证明AUNSPLIN模型结果能更清晰地表达出柴达木盆地降水的分布状况,对于该区域水资源优化配置和管理等具有重要的理论和现实意义。
文摘在人类活动导致的生态环境问题中,土地利用格局变化对区域生态安全起着决定性作用。选择我国乃至在世界上都罕见的多沙、粗沙、强烈水土流失的黄河皇甫川流域作为研究区域,针对土壤侵蚀和生态用水这两大影响流域生态安全的关键问题,开展土地利用变化模拟、土壤侵蚀3S监测、适宜植被盖度估算、土壤侵蚀情景模拟、土地利用格局优化等方面的综合研究。结果表明:(1)土地利用格局变化是导致土壤侵蚀变化的重要因素。从1987年到2015年,建筑用地、林地和灌丛面积增加,水域、沙地和裸砒砂岩面积减少,导致流域年平均土壤侵蚀模数由16160.72 t km-2a-1降至9710.72 t km-2a-1。(2)土地利用类型与土壤侵蚀模数密切相关并存在一定规律。6种不同土地利用类型多年平均土壤侵蚀模数的大小顺序为:裸砒砂岩>沙地>耕地>草地>林地>灌丛,表明灌、林措施是流域植被恢复和土壤侵蚀减少的首选。(3)土地利用结构和空间格局优化有助于提升区域生态安全水平。在优化格局下,2007年和2015年土壤侵蚀模数比优化前分别减少5469.57 t km-2a-1和5432.77 t km-2a-1,优化后2015年土壤侵蚀模数仅为4277.95 t km-2a-1,低于流域自然侵蚀临界值或允许土壤侵蚀模数5300 t km-2a-1,优化土地利用格局成为加强流域生态环境建设的重要途径。
