A Generic and Reliable Land Acquisition Protocol Implementation for Sub-Saharan Africa Countries

Land acquisition is subject of many frauds worldwide. In Africa countries, land acquisition frauds are a real curse. Main reasons of the high land acquisition frauds in Africa are a lack of a reliable land acquisition protocol implementation, no centralized information system that records land transactions and integrates all actors, lack of education about the acquisition protocol and lack of applied sanctions in case of frauds. As of sanctions, the issue is bound to the corruption plague in Africa. Authorities that are supposed to rule the laws are not well paid and are part of the corruption scheme. Most frequent frauds are multiple sales of the same land, falsified land title, false owner identification. In Africa, a land belongs generally to the first residents of the area. To claim ownership of a land, an owner should be recognized by the rural or city authorities. To achieve this recognition, he must obtain from those authorities an attribution letter. The author proposed a complete and reliable land acquisition protocol named ACLAP (Africa Countries Land Acquisition Protocol). The purpose of this paper is to explain the main components of the protocol implementation and show its efficiency when confronting fraud threats. In this paper, a Generic and Reliable Land Acquisition Protocol Implementation in Sub-Saharan Africa countries context is proposed. The platform keeps relevant land transaction information for administrators, managers, buyers, sellers, or for people consultation purpose. The application may be used in village, city, department, region, or country for land management decision making.

Life satisfaction approach to farmers' compensation for land acquisition:empirical study from the suburbs of Wuhan City

Farmers' compensation for land acquisition is not only critical to increasing their income and to playing a pivotal role in maintaining rural stability,but also to the promotion of sustainable land use.Based on analysis of Chinese land acquisition policy under the Land Management Law,which provides principles or guidelines for determining compensation according to agricultural land use in regard to farmers' previous quality of life,the Life Satisfaction Approach is introduced in this article to evaluate farmers' compensation for land acquisition.Employing data from a questionnaire survey on 346 farming households in Wuhan Suburbs,this article examined the influence of farmland on farmers' life satisfaction and evaluated the level of compensation for land acquisition.Results show that farmland has a significantly positive impact on life satisfaction,which fell by 0.033 on a five-point scale following a reduction farmland by of 1 mu.Respondents were willing to accept approximately RMB 3066.44 annual household income for the loss of 1 mu farmland;the level of compensation after discounting by 6.2%is RMB 750,000 per hectare.It was found in a further comparative study that the level of farmers' compensation for land acquisition is decidedly low,and it was also shown that their compensation standards,as well as the actual compensation,could be substantially improved by expanding economic compensation to non-economic compensation to embody farmland multifunction in terms of production and non-production against farmers' previous quality of life.This article proposes a compensation model that enriches the content of land acquisition compensation,extends the current literature on measuring compensation,and provides economic theory bases for increasing compensation standards and improving policies related to land acquisition.We consider that if this compensation model is applied,it could raise the cost of land acquisition and improve usage of land,reduce the speed of rural-urban land conversion,and improve farmers' well-being.

Research on Compensation Mechanism of Land Acquisition in Rural Areas Based on the Practice of Anhui Province

With the continuous development of Chinese economy and rapid progress it has made,land demand for urban construction becomes larger and larger. Rural urbanization has a great relation to common prosperity and plays a key role in realizing the 21 st century great dream of Chinese people of all ethnic groups. Because of the complicated situation of land acquisition and compensation mechanism,we will conduct a systematic analysis on the compensation mechanism of land acquisition in Anhui Province and put forward the compensation methods to perfect the compensation mechanism according to the present compensation mechanism and the existing shortages of land acquisition in Anhui Province.

Role of Gender Towards Income Generation： An Impact Analysis of Land Acquisition in West Bengal, India

One of the principal fundamentals of post-independence development projects in India has been land acquisition. Most of these projects have caused major changes in land use, leading to dispossession and displacement of a large number of people and their involuntary resettlement in other areas. Development induced displacement brings loss of productive assets, dismantling of social networks, destruction of ancestral property, and even increased morbidity and mortality rates in some instances. Therefore, this paper seeks to explore further the micro-level impact of agricultural land acquisition on livelihood pattern of both genders to the establishment of the industry on the fertile agricultural land in the k＇haragpur subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the early 1990s with the cooperation of West Bengal Government, India. Land acquisition without any policy of rehabilitation caused not only landlessness but also created joblessness among the affected population and at the family level, it has resulted food insecurity and increased workload among the women. The women on the other hand made desperate attempts to cope up the burden by working within and outside the domestic domain.

Impact of Land Acquisition on the Sustainable Livelihoods in Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam

The concept of sustainable livelihood is an attempt to go beyond the conventional definitions and approaches to poverty eradication. These had been found to be too narrow because they focused only on certain aspects or manifestations of poverty, such as low income, or did not consider other vital aspects of poverty such as vulnerability and social exclusion. It is now recognized that more attention must be paid to the various factors and processes which either constrain or enhance poor people＇s ability to make a living in an economically, ecologically, and socially sustainable manner. Construction of nuclear power plants in Vietnam is in the first step of implementing and will be allocated in Thuan Nam and Ninh Hai districts, Ninh Thuan province, an agricultural and poor province in Vietnam. This requires a large area of land mobilized, thus a part of popupation living in the project area has to move far away. Besides the positive effects of this project, there are significantly negative impacts on the people living in the project areas and nearby, and their livelihoods are seriously affected. This paper aims at assessing the impact of the nuclear power plants construction on the livelihoods of people in two districts in Ninh Thuan province, in order to have mechanisms and policies to support reasonably and effectively, contributing to stabilize people＇s lives and local development.

Application of a New Qeneration of Geophonesto Improve Seismic Acquisitionin Onshore-offshore Transition Areas

In this paper, we review the differences between velocity geophones （VG） and acceleration geophones （AG） and their effect on seismic signals acquired in onshore-offshore transition areas. We present a new generation of Land Piezoelectric Geophone （LPG） and analyze its performance. Our field experiments demonstrate that our new LPG can be used to substitute for VGs in order to eliminate phase, frequency and energy differences between different geophone systems commonlv used in transition areas.

加入合作社对家庭农场适度规模经营的影响

本文在探讨家庭农场适度规模经营两种理论观点之争的基础上,基于中国社会科学院农村发展研究所2020年中国乡村振兴综合调查(CRRS)数据,采用普通最小二乘法(OLS)系统考察了家庭农场加入合作社的规模扩大效应及其作用机制。研究发现:首先,加入合作社能够扩大家庭农场经营规模,推动家庭农场适度规模经营。经测算,当前中国家庭农场最优经营规模为188亩,因而家庭农场经营规模仍有扩大的空间。其次,家庭农场加入合作社的规模扩大效应存在异质性,收入水平高、社会资本水平低和自有机械化水平低的家庭农场加入合作社的规模扩大效应更明显。再次,加入合作社扩大家庭农场经营规模主要来自内部服务获取机制和外部资源获取机制,且合作社所提供的销售服务和金融支持对家庭农场经营规模扩大具有更强的促进效应。最后,耕地细碎化程度负向调节家庭农场加入合作社的规模扩大效应,耕地细碎化不利于加入合作社的家庭农场扩大经营规模。本文的研究为推动家庭农场适度规模经营,促进其与合作社融合发展提供了理论指导和决策依据。

复杂山地水-陆混采地震资料高精度表层速度建模与应用

塔里木盆地ZQX区块石油地质条件优越,并首次开展了水域空气枪激发、拖缆接收采集,但其近地表结构非常复杂,分布有农田、村庄、山体、戈壁砾石、水库等地表类型。针对水-陆混采资料的特殊性,笔者提出了水-陆混采初至起跳点拾取与双约束层析反演新方法。先拾取出不同激发接收模式下准确的初至波波峰时间,利用高信噪比道计算波峰到起跳点的时差,再通过插值解决低信噪比道波峰时间转初至时间的空变时差校正问题。以此为基础,采用水速硬约束和微测井软约束的层析反演方法,解决了ZQX区块水库-山地水-陆混采三维高精度近地表速度建模问题,叠加剖面及深度偏移成像质量明显提升,取得了较好的应用效果。

社会公平视角下农地入市探索——以深圳实践为例

农地入市是中国城乡土地使用制度改革的重要内容,而收益分配机制又是农地入市的焦点。深圳的农地入市实践具有典型性,城市更新模式和土地整备利益统筹(整村统筹)模式作为两种农地入市模式,分别体现了“个体利益优先”和“公共利益优先”两种利益分配思路。然而,两种模式在实践中分别会引致“市场失灵”风险和“低效治理”困境。以社会公平为视角,从初始分配公正和结果公正的角度剖析农地入市对发展包容性的影响,可以看到农地入市应该坚持利益共享、责任共担原则,通过“指标统筹调控”,建立农地入市的区域协调机制;坚持公共利益导向,衔接征地制度的收益分配标准,以更好盘活集体建设用地。

土地征收中宅基地使用权补偿问题探究

宅基地使用权,作为征地房屋补偿的“链接点”,对其在土地征收中的补偿进行研究具有重要意义。研究结果表明,因国家层面立法未对宅基地使用权在土地征收中如何补偿予以明确规定,现有研究以宅基地使用权在土地征收中所处的地位为切入点,形成无需补偿、分配性补偿、独立性补偿三种不同学说。理论研究的分歧最终传导至实践的管理当中,各地关于《征地补偿安置协议》签订主体、方式以及如何补偿做法不一,导致农户合法权益被侵害、维权难的现象时有发生。本文对立法完善提出建议:在国家层面上,将以土地为中心的征收立法理念贯彻践行到位,对宅基地使用权独立之地位予以明确;在地方层面上,坚持一切从实际出发的基本要求,对宅基地使用权补偿测算方式、价格确定方式以及标准予以明确。

洋溪水利枢纽工程建设征地移民安置任务分析

洋溪水利枢纽是柳江防洪控制性工程。建设征地和移民安置规划是工程建设重要内容。移民安置任务通过分析淹没影响指标、环境容量、专项发展规划、库区地质评价等因素合理确定。本文通过综合分析洋溪水利枢纽淹没影响特点和经济社会发展要素,提出项目建设征地移民安置任务。

大中型水利水电工程移民安置全过程信息平台设计与应用

为适应新形势下移民安置管理工作需要,发挥信息技术优势,按照“平台+应用”的设计思想,面向移民安置工作全过程,以GIS为主要技术平台,融合BIM、CAD数据,支持协同工作,聚焦应用支撑,构建移民安置信息平台。平台能为监理、评估、设计、业主、政府、移民六方提供服务,满足在工程规划论证、实物调查、移民工程规划设计、移民安置实施、移民后期扶持等全过程阶段对信息化技术的要求。该平台已在多个项目中进行了实践与优化,能有效地规范移民工作、提高工作效率、促进科学决策、实现高效管理。

数据整合征供一体化土地批后监管模型设计

为解决受数据源异构性影响征供一体化土地批后监管效率较低的问题,提出基于数据整合的征供一体化土地批后监管模型设计。根据征供一体化土地批后监管的流程与内容,对监管信息进行分类,由此采集土地批后权限信息。根据数据类型、结构和语义,利用数据整合技术对异构数据源进行集成与整合,并结合映射转换规则设计模型的智能合约。通过求取监管数据的贡献度,构建监管模型,以实现土地监管信息的数据上链,完成土地批后监管。实验结果表明,该方法能有效提高土地批后监管数据的管理效率。

印度工业化进程中的征地挑战:制度改革与地方治理

自独立以来,印度工业化进程深受征地这一复杂动态议题的影响。尽管莫迪政府执政后通过各类中央旗舰发展项目试图加速工业化,但与历届政府同样面临土地流转和工业用地获取的诸多挑战。在印度大量人口仍依赖农业生存的背景下,土地作为工业化的核心要素之一对其雄心勃勃的工业化进程至关重要。本文聚焦于印度工业化进程中的土地要素,研究了征地困境对工业化发展的影响。土地改革的不彻底、征地立法的滞后以及交易市场的扭曲都极大阻碍了土地要素的获取。本文以经济特区开发为例,进一步论证即便在这一工业化机遇下,征地困境依然使得印度经济特区的发展模式多样化,使其对工业化进程贡献受限。此外,由于大量土地的处置和管理权牢牢掌握在地方邦政府手中,邦政府的稳定性、工业理念及治理能力决定了印度工业化的基本推动力。

三维激光扫描在地面沉降监测中的应用研究

地面沉降伴随着路面塌陷、隆起等破坏现象,传统的监测手段存在工作量大、耗时长、监测面不广等缺点。三维激光扫描技术突破了传统全站仪、水准仪等单点定位的测量缺点,对表面进行高精度、高密度、高速度扫描获取其三维空间信息。使用三维激光扫描技术监测,配合全景相机与激光融合技术,生成彩色三维点云,通过预处理以及后期建模、对比分析,最终得到地面沉降监测成果。本文以某个典型地面沉降点为例,分析了三维激光扫描技术应用流程,对采集到的不同期次的点云数据进行处理和对比分析,精度上升为毫米级,与传统二等水准测量成果相符。三维激光扫描技术提高了地面沉降监测的工作效率和工作精度,为地面沉降监测提供有效的解决方案。

山区公路大纵坡小半径曲线路基梁场的提梁及移梁技术

在山势陡峭、地势曲折的山岭地区建造预制梁场进而提梁、移梁施工,需要克服大坡度高差、小半径曲线的地形困难。通过对场地进行变化坡度处置、提梁门式起重机的技术改造,达到轨行式大型重载门式起重机在曲线叠加高差的轨道上安全平稳工作。本研究从北京市门头沟区国道109高速公路项目实例入手,对施工进行研究总结,为山区主线路基上建造预制梁场提梁移梁施工提供参考,具有一定的推广价值。

水利工程建设征地地类认定问题探讨

文章探讨了水利工程建设征地地类认定问题,地类认定采纳方式不同,建设征地移民补偿投资概算亦有所差异,通过多方案计算对比分析,水利水电工程移民安置规划设计土地地类认定的方式宜采取基准年现状调查的地类和自然资源部门数据库地类相结合的方式进行确定,从而进行移民安置规划设计,计列补偿投资概算,可有效的减少项目费用不足或费用结余问题发生。研究成果可为今后的水利水电工程建设征地移民安置规划设计及补偿投资概(估)算提供借鉴。

基于数字航空摄影测量技术的征迁范围三维实景模型构建研究

传统的征迁范围判定方法依赖于地面调查和分析,耗时耗力且难以实现高精度和高效率。因此,本文构建了一种基于数字航空摄影测量技术的征迁范围三维实景模型。首先,基于数字航空摄影测量技术,收集了征迁区域的高分辨率航空图像。其次,运用先进的三维重建算法,从处理后的二维图像中提取地形、建筑物等要素的空间信息,构建出征迁区域的三维实景模型。最后,通过实例数据验证了该方法的有效性。结果表明,通过所提的方法构建的三维实景模型在真实性和精确性方面均达到了很高的水平,能够有效地协助政府部门和项目管理者明确征迁范围。

驮英水库工程建设征地移民安置工作实践及思考

驮英水库工程建设征地移民投资101969.91万元,工程淹没区、工程建设区征地投资、移民安置投资均控制在初设批复范围内,移民安置工作比原规划总体提前14个月完成。本文总结了驮英水库技施阶段建设征地移民安置工作经验,可为今后开展类似项目提供参考。