Financial decision‑making behaviors of Ethnic Tibetan Households based on mental accounting

Ethnic Tibetans(ETs)typically reside in the remote plateaus of China and possess strong cultural and spiritual values.Their financial decision-making is influenced by economic and physical factors,unique culture,social norms,and psychological motivators.We conducted an in-person survey of 480 randomly selected ET households across four provinces in rural China.The survey data was analyzed using three different econometric models—probit,ordered probit,and ranked ordered logit—to examine the choice of borrowing from formal or informal credit sources,the number of sources borrowed from,and repayment priority.Our findings indicate that mental accounting plays a significant role in the financial decision-making process of ET households.Additionally,we find that the informal credit source is strongly associated with the financial decisions of ET households.The majority of loans from formal financial institutions are used to meet daily needs,as opposed to purchasing productive inputs.Our results also suggest that strong social relationships and religious beliefs prevent households from defaulting,and that loans from formal financial sources receive repayment priority.China would benefit from promoting inclusive finance and encouraging the adoption of improved agricultural practices to support the prosperity of ET and other minority communities.

Investigation on the Concurrent-Business Behavior of Peasant Households during the Planting Structure Adjustment in Karst Mountainous Area

Based on the survey data of 150 peasant households in typical Karst mountainous area in the year 2009, causations, characteristics and influence factors of the concurrent-business behavior of peasant households during planting structure adjustment are analyzed. Result shows that there is significant positive correlation between the concurrent-business income and the household income of farmers. And the concurrent-business behavior has the tendency to be popular among the young farmers with the characteristics of relative concentration, strong will of farmers and the significant impact of education degree on the concurrent-business income. Information, capital, skill, and market awareness are the main factors affecting the concurrent-business behavior of peasant households. Countermeasures to optimize the concurrent-business behavior of peasant households are put forward, such as strengthening the skills training for farmers to improve the cultural quality of peasant households, establishing modern rural financial service system to offer capital support for the development of peasant households, setting up information base of rural labor force to provide more information and channels for the concurrent-business behavior of peasant households, and enhancing the cultivation of farmers' market awareness to improve their ability to adapt to market economy.

Research on Reclaimed Land Quality Based on Peasant Households' Behaviors——A Case of the Reclaimed Land in Liuxin Country,Xuzhou,China

The quality of reclaimed land not only relates to the way of reclamation,but also has close relations to farmers' living standard and households' behaviors.Taking the farmland in the reclamation region of the Liuxin County,Tongshan Town,Xuzhou as the survey objects,we conduct a survey on peasant households in the reclamation region by the way of questionnaire.The data collected from the survey are analyzed by using scientific statistical methods,including SPSS software and Excel.The results show that in the investigation of peasant households' perceptual knowledge towards the quality of reclaimed land,42.5% of them holds the satisfactory and extremely satisfactory attitudes,which take relatively high percentage.As a result of the increase of non-agricultural income,6% of peasant households are indifferent to the quality of the reclaimed land.During the investigation of peasant households' rational knowledge towards the quality of the reclaimed land,the nitrogen content and organic content in soil filled by pulverized fuel ash are significantly lower than that in the soil filled by coal gangue and that in soil in the contrast area.The current production and planting pattern of peasant households has not improved the quality of farmland in the reclaimed area effectively and most peasant households still use the traditional way of cultivating.Hence,it is necessary to strengthen the guide on the thought patterns of peasant households,to cultivate scientifically and to enhance the quality of reclaimed farmland.The yields of the reclaimed farmland are low in the primary year,but with the increases of input and the restoration of the land,the annual yields will increase gradually,and gradually approaches to the usual yields.Based on it,the corresponding countermeasures are put forward:for one thing,improving soil alkalescency and enhancing soil fertility;for another thing,attaching much attention to technological directions,scientific cultivation and carry out the standards of reclamation strictly.

Peasant Household Oriented Land Circulation from the Perspective of State Governance

Based on the state governance background of peasant household oriented land circulation,I analyzed characteristics of peasant household oriented land circulation.The characteristics mainly include uncertain definition of rural land circulation,significant off-media feature of land circulation,long-term land circulation contract,farmers' preference of peasant household oriented land circulation,and progressive path of land circulation.The essential feature is the progressive mode of land circulation.Under the existing property right,it realizes the perfect combination of modern production factors and traditional agricultural,and the combination of traditional family safeguarding function and modern social mutual growth spirit.Thus,it shows relative independence and manifests the idea of common prosperity.The opportunity cost of peasant household oriented land circulation is minimal,institutional cost will increase circulation risk,and what's more,the cost for state governance of peasant household oriented land circulation is minimal.It comes to conclusion that building proper and harmonious land circulation mechanism is responsibility of central government and favorable for healthy development of peasant household oriented land circulation.

Household behavior in practicing mental budgeting based on the theory of planned behavior

Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior(TPB)suggests that planned behavior is determined by behavioral intention.Despite extensive literature based on TPB,household mental budgeting behavior explained by TPB is underexplored.The current study empirically tested TPB factors in light of mental budgeting behavior.The hypothesized model was tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM).PLS-SEM was employed using a Likert-scaled questionnaire administered to 275 households.The results indicate that mental budgeting attitude and mental budgeting past behavior strongly predict mental budgeting intention,and mental budgeting intention predicts mental budgeting behavior.Further,mental budgeting intention partially mediates the relationship between mental budgeting attitude and mental budgeting behavior,and mental budgeting past behavior and mental budgeting behavior.This study contributes to the academic interest in theoretical progress in household behavior.

Empirical Study on Factors Influencing Residents’ Behavior of Separating Household Wastes at Source

Source separation is the basic premise for making effective use of household wastes. In eight cities of China, how- ever, several pilot projects of source separation finally failed because of the poor participation rate of residents. In order to solve this problem, identifying those factors that influence residents’ behavior of source separation becomes crucial. By means of questionnaire survey, we conducted descriptive analysis and ex- ploratory factor analysis. The results show that trouble-feeling, moral notion, environment protection, public education, environment value and knowledge deficiency are the main factors that play an important role for residents in deciding to separate their household wastes. Also, according to the contribution percentage of the six main factors to the total behavior of source separation, their influencing power is analyzed, which will provide suggestions on household waste management for policy makers and decision makers in China.

The Analysis of the Basic features of Peasant Households with Different Income levels——A Case of 259 Peasant Households in Three Villages of Hebei Province,China

According to the urban and rural income levels and the national poverty line,peasant households are classified into poor households,middle-income households and wealthy households.Based on the investigation data of 259 peasant households in three villages of Hebei Province,the features of family structure,economy,ideology and communication of peasant households with different income levels in current status are analyzed.The result shows that there are great differences in family structure,ideology,economy and communication of peasant households with different income levels.The low-income households are featured by unreasonable family structure,heavy burden,conservative behavior and blocking information.While the middle and high income households are good at communicating and willing to take risk and armed with high skills.Based on this,relevant suggestions are put forward to promote the development of peasant households,such as optimizing family structure,cultivating the capacity of the core numbers of the family,guiding households to choose a suitable development path,encouraging farmers to work out,ensuring the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers,flourishing rural culture,and setting up good platform for the communication of households.

A survey of the influencing factors and models for resident＇s household waste management behavior

The problem of household solid waste has been concerned and researched on by municipalities and researchers.At present, household solid waste has been changed to management problem from technical one. From the point view ofmanagement, the research on household solid waste is to study the factors which influence resident’s behavior ofmanaging their waste. Based on the literature review, firstly, this paper summarizes those factors which have alreadybeen identified to have impact on resident’s behavior of managing their waste. They are social-demographic variables,knowledge, environmental values, psychological factors, publicity and system design. Secondly, three typical models ofthe relationship between factors and behavior, which are factors determining task performance in waste management,conceptualization of waste management behavior and the theoretical model of repeated behavior on household wastemanagement, are analyzed and the deficiencies of these models are also analyzed. Finally, according to the currentsituation in household waste management and the culture and resident’s habits in China, this paper puts forward aresearch focus and suggestions about resident’s behavior of household solid waste management.

A study of factors influencing consumers' behavior in recycling waste household electronic appliances

The innovation of technology and the improvement of people's living standard accelerate the replace ment of consumer electronic appliances, resulting in a significant increase of waste household electronic appliances (WHEA). To address the environmental problems of WHEA, many countries have enacted legislation according to WHEA management, including collecting, processing and recycling. The regulations on the management of WHEA were also drafted in China and pilot programs of WHEA recycling management encountered difficulties in collecting WHEA. The success of a recycling scheme is dependent on people's willingness of participating in the scheme. This paper applies Ajzen's theory of planned behavior to seek the main factors to engourage consumers to participate in WHEA recycling management in China. Data from a survey conducted with a sample of 633 consumers show that service motivation is the first predictor of participation behavior intention, followed by environmental behavior at titude, economic motivation, subjective norm, and perceived behavior barrier. Environmental knowledge is found not to be the predictor of behavior intention in this recycling scheme. Study results also suggest that publicity is the key situational factor in the WHEA recycling management. Recycling network and policy have little influence on chang ing consumers' current behavior intention and participation. Implications of the findings are discussed and future research directions are suggested in the end.

数字普惠金融、过度负债与家庭财务风险

数字普惠金融在降低家庭金融准入门槛的同时也增加了家庭的财务风险。基于CHFS2013-2019年微观调查数据进行实证检验,以家庭过度负债为研究重点分析数字普惠金融对家庭财务风险的影响,探究数字普惠金融对家庭部门财务风险的影响机制与作用路径。研究发现,数字普惠金融通过增加家庭高风险型债务的方式扩大家庭过度负债风险,进而导致家庭偿债能力与资产流动性降低,增大家庭财务风险。进一步研究发现,中低收入家庭与农村家庭等财务弱势家庭更易受到数字普惠金融影响从而导致过度负债与财务风险扩大。政府应完善数字金融监管制度,加强社会金融福利保障体系建设,引导数字普惠金融市场良性发展。

耕地经营规模对农户水稻生产生态效率的影响——以常德市为例

提高水稻生产生态效率是协同实现保障粮食产量稳增长与减少粮食生产环境损耗双目标的关键路径,耕地作为农业生产活动最基本的生产资料之一,探索耕地经营规模对农户水稻生产生态效率的影响对促进农业适度规模化经营和耕地可持续利用具有重要意义。本文基于粮食生产微观主体——农户的视角,从理论上揭示耕地经营规模对农户水稻生产生态效率的影响,并利用常德市416份农户问卷调查数据,运用随机前沿分析法构建效率测算模型和影响模型进行实证检验。研究表明:农户耕地规模化水平和水稻生产生态效率均有待提升,样本农户中较小规模农户数量最多,占总样本的94.95%,较小规模农户仍是农业生产的主力;农户水稻生产生态效率均值为0.830,还存在0.170的提升空间。耕地经营规模对农户水稻生产生态效率有显著影响,二者并非简单线性关系而是呈“倒U型”关系,且拐点所在区间为1.2~1.4 hm2;农户水稻生产生态效率还受到户主受教育程度、抚养比、农业收入占比的显著正向影响和户主年龄的显著负向影响。因此,应在尊重较小规模农户将长期存在这一现实的基础上,进一步推进耕地适度规模经营并培育新型农户,以促进水稻生产生态效率提高。

创伤聚焦的认知行为疗法在童年家庭功能障碍儿童和青少年中的应用

童年家庭功能障碍(childhood household dysfunction,CHD)是一种常见的童年期不良经历,会对儿童和青少年造成严重的身心危害。创伤聚焦的认知行为疗法(trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy,TF-CBT)是帮助经历童年创伤的儿童和青少年处理创伤记忆的循证心理治疗,旨在提高CHD儿童和青少年的应对能力,从而改善其创伤所致的负面影响,有效减轻其心理负担。TF-CBT能有效改善CHD儿童和青少年的创伤后应激障碍、情绪和行为问题以及家庭功能。建议今后开展高质量的原始研究,制订基于潜在预测因素的有针对性的TF-CBT干预方案,采取线上和线下相结合的方式,构建适应中国CHD人群的TF-CBT干预模式,以满足CHD儿童和青少年的心理健康服务需求。

农户分化对农业生产托管的影响

发展农业生产托管是农业应对“刘易斯拐点”和人口红利消失的必然选择。基于江汉平原稻农的调研数据,使用Probit模型、CMP模型等分析农户分化对农业生产托管的影响,探讨农户分化对不同托管环节以及不同农户的异质性影响。研究表明:农户分化催生农业生产托管;农户分化对整地和收割环节等劳动密集型生产环节托管的作用显著,对育秧移栽和施肥与病虫害防治等技术密集型生产环节托管的作用不显著;农户分化对促进女性参与农业生产托管显著,对男性不显著;农户分化对高龄和低龄农户参与农业生产托管均显著,且通过1%的显著性检验,但对低龄农户的影响更大。据此,应进一步促进农业生产托管的发展与完善以应对农户分化;秉持“补弱扶强”原则,对于不同类型的生产环节托管的补贴激励政策有所侧重;提升农户生产托管意愿,以促进农业生产托管的发展与完善。

农户土地流转决策意愿及其影响因素:基于重庆荣昌区的实证

随着脱贫攻坚战的全面胜利和乡村振兴战略的深入,山地丘陵区的土地流转日益引起社会各界的关注。基于农户家庭禀赋的内生视角,探讨了土地流转与农户家庭特征的关系,并利用调查获取的重庆市荣昌区333份农户问卷数据,构建了影响农户土地流转决策意愿的变量指标体系,通过Logistic回归模型分析发现:农户土地流转决策意愿在一定程度上取决于其家庭禀赋特征,影响因素的显著性排序为农户性别>种植业收入比重>农户年龄>人均耕地面积>耕地破碎程度,说明男性在家庭决策中仍然发挥着主导,而户主年龄、家庭种植业收入比重、家庭人均耕地面积、承包耕地破碎程度与土地流转决策意愿均存在较为强烈的反向作用关系。因此,构建稳定长期的土地流转关系,在政策设计上应注意弥补农户家庭禀赋上的短板,并通过收益分配共享机制促进其经济状况或发展能力改善。

人口老龄化对农户创业的影响——基于CLDS 2016年数据的实证分析

基于人口老龄化的视角,以农户创业为研究对象,利用中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)2016年的数据,构建Logit回归模型,并引入对农户创业有重要影响的外出务工意愿和互联网使用2个关键变量分别作为中介变量和调节变量,探寻人口老龄化对农户创业的影响及其影响机制。结果表明,人口老龄化会显著抑制农户创业,也会抑制农户家庭户主的外出务工意愿,外出务工意愿在人口老龄化与农户创业之间存在部分中介作用,互联网使用在人口老龄化与农户创业之间存在调节作用,使用互联网弱化了老龄化对农户创业的抑制作用,通过更换实证模型和缩小样本进行稳健性检验之后,结论仍然成立。通过分群体、分教育层次和社会网络水平进行异质性分析发现,人口老龄化对农户创业的抑制作用在不同教育层次、不同社会网络水平下存在异质性。为此,要强化农村网络建设,鼓励更多的外出务工者返乡入乡留乡就业创业,为乡村振兴提供人才支撑,共同建设美丽富饶的幸福乡村。

农户资本禀赋、参与治理与河长制治水绩效研究

沿河农户作为直接利益相关者参与治水有助于弥补“官方河长”的治理效能不足。基于陕西和宁夏的560份农户调研数据,采用结构方程模型,分析“农户资本禀赋→参与治理→河长制治水绩效”的内在作用机理。结果显示:农户的自然资本和文化资本显著正向影响参与行为,物质资本显著负向影响参与行为,经济资本显著正向影响参与意愿,社会资本显著正向影响参与意愿和参与行为;社会资本通过参与治理的部分中介作用显著正向影响治水绩效,且参与治理内部存在“参与意愿→参与行为”的显著正向影响;整体效应上,参与治理作为中介促进农户资本禀赋对治水绩效的影响,且治理效果存在“生态绩效→社会绩效→经济绩效”优先次序。基于结论,为提升河长制治水绩效,建议强化农村生态文明、社会文明、物质文明、精神文明和政治文明建设,为农户参与治水资本赋权;完善农户为“民间河长”的参与制度规范,并构建农户可及的治水信息发布机制、多渠道信访窗口和对策采信投票栏。

职业妥协对产业工人反生产行为的影响机制研究

产业工人是加快建设制造强国的中坚力量,科学引导该群体的职业心理与行为是理论界与实务界关注的焦点。本文基于自我决定理论,通过对制造业312名产业工人的问卷调查,探讨了职业妥协对产业工人反生产行为的影响机制。结果分析表明,职业妥协正向影响产业工人反生产行为,工作疏离感在两者之间起部分中介作用。户籍不仅调节了职业妥协与产业工人反生产行为的正向关系,还调节了工作疏离感在职业妥协与产业工人反生产行为之间的间接效应,即与城市工人相比,职业妥协对农村进城务工人员工作疏离感的正向影响加强,进而促进其反生产行为。上述发现不仅有助于丰富职业妥协和户籍的理论研究,还为减少我国产业工人反生产行为、推进产业工人队伍建设提供了新思路。

共同富裕视阈下农户参与电商经营对收入的影响研究

随着农村电商的蓬勃发展,农户倾向于采用电商模式进行销售,促进了农户增收和农村经济发展。本文基于CRRS数据,采用倾向得分匹配法,实证检验农户参与电商对收入的影响。研究表明,农户参与电商帮助其家庭收入实现42.4%~46.8%的增加;不同地区的农户参与电商经营的增收效应具有异质性。针对培育和壮大农村电商市场主体,为政府政策制定与农户参与电商实践方面提供可行的建议。

消亡与存续:从农户生存逻辑重读近代家庭棉纺织业的发展--以江南和华北棉纺织区为例

近代手工棉纺织业在资本主义工业冲击下呈现多层次发展格局,在空间维度上表现为瓦解与持续并存,时间维度上则是在整体衰弱的趋势中出现短暂复苏。除市场和制度等宏观影响因素外,还需从生产决策的主体——农户来考察这一历史变化。人口压力、副业的可选择性与相对收益、家庭消费水平和消费行为以及以性别、代际为基础的家庭劳动分工不同程度地影响农户手工纺织生产决策。是否从事手工纺织是农户基于成本收益计算后的理性决策。