Impact of Action Observation Therapy along with Usual Physiotherapy Intervention of Individual with Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairments in the initial stage, which lead to severe cognitive dysfunction in the later stage. Action observation therapy (AOT) is a multisensory cognitive rehabilitation technique where the patient initially observes the actions and then tries to perform. The study aimed to examine the impact of AOT along with usual physiotherapy interventions to reduce depression, improve cognition and balance of a patient with AD. A 67 years old patient with AD was selected for this study because the patient has been suffering from depression, dementia, and physical dysfunction along with some other health conditions like diabetes and hypertension. Before starting intervention, a baseline assessment was done through the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) tool, the Mini-Cog Scale, and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The patient received 12 sessions of AOT along with usual physiotherapy interventions thrice a week for four weeks, which included 45 minutes of each session. After four weeks of intervention, the patient demonstrated significant improvement in depression, cognition, and balance, whereas the BDI score declined from moderate 21/63 to mild 15/63 level of depression. The Mini-Cog score improved from 2/5 to 4/5, and the BBS score increased from 18/56 to 37/56. It is concluded that AOT along with usual physiotherapy intervention helps to reduce depression, improve cognition and balance of people with AD.

Combining ability and gene action studies for yield and fibre traits in Gossypium arboreum using Griffings numerical and Haymans graphical approach

Background For the purpose of utilising hybrid vigour to produce possible hybrids with a suitable level of stability,the knowledge of gene activity and combining ability is a crucial prerequisite before choosing desirable parents.The present study was carried out with six parents crossed in full diallel fashion and generated 30 F1 hybrids.These hybrids were evaluated in two replications in Randomized Block Design at Department of Cotton,TNAU for combining ability and gene action.Diallel analysis was carried out according to Griffing’s method-I(parents + F_(1) + reciprocals) and model-I and Hayman’s graphical approach by using INDOSTAT software.Results Analysis of variance for combining ability indicated that mean square values of GCA,SCA and reciprocals were highly significant for all the traits except for the uniformity index.RG763 and K12 showed highly positively significant GCA effects for most of the yield traits while PA838 and K12 for fibre quality traits,so they were found as best general combiners.PAIG379 × K12 and PDB29 × K12 for yield traits,and PDB29 × PA838,RG763 × PA838,and CNA1007 × RG763 cross combinations for fibre quality traits could be recommended for future breeding programms.Conclusion The results of both Griffing’s and Hayman’s approaches showed that non-additive gene action predominates as SCA variance was bigger than GCA variance,so heterosis breeding is thought to be a more fruitful option for enhancing GCA of many traits.

Review on dietary supplements as an effective improvement of Alzheimer's disease:focus on structures and mechanisms

Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the major form of neurodegenerative diseases that can severely impede normal cognitive function,makes it one of the most common fatal diseases.There are currently over 50 million AD patients worldwide.The neuropathology of AD is perplexing and there is a scarcity of disease-modifying treatments.Currently,early diagnosis of AD has been made possible with the discovery of biological markers associated with pathology,providing strong support for the improvement of the disease status.The search for inhibitors of AD markers from dietary supplements(DSs)has become a major hot topic.Especially with the widespread use of DSs,DSs containing polyphenols,alkaloids,terpenes,polysaccharides and other bioactive components can prevent AD by reducing Aβdeposition,inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation,reconstructing synaptic dysfunction,weakening cholinesterase activity,regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress,neuronal inflammation and apoptosis.This review summarizes the anti-AD effects of the main DSs and their bioactive constituents,as well as the potential molecular mechanisms covers from 2017 to 2023.Additionally,we discussed the opportunities and challenges faced by DSs in the process of AD prevention and treatment,aiming to further provide new perspectives for functional food development.

Heuristic Estimation of the Vacuum Energy Density of the Universe: Part II-Analysis Based on Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Radiation

In Part I of this paper, an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density of the universe was derived using an indirect and heuristic procedure. The derivation is based on a proposed thought experiment, according to which an electron is accelerated to a constant and relativistic speed at a distance L from a perfectly conducting plane. The charge of the electron was represented by a spherical charge distribution located within the Compton wavelength of the electron. Subsequently, the electron is incident on the perfect conductor giving rise to transition radiation. The energy associated with the transition radiation depends on the parameter L. It was shown that an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density will emerge when the length L is pushed to cosmological dimensions and the product of the radiated energy, and the time duration of emission is constrained by Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. In this paper, a similar analysis is conducted with a chain of electrons oscillating sinusoidally and located above a conducting plane. In the thought experiment presented in this paper, the behavior of the energy radiated by the chain of oscillating electrons is studied in the frequency domain as a function of the length L of the chain. It is shown that when the length L is pushed to cosmological dimensions and the energy radiated within a single burst of duration of half a period of oscillation is constrained by the fact that electromagnetic energy consists of photons, an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density emerges as a result. The derived inequality is given by where is the vacuum energy density. This result is consistent with the measured value of the vacuum energy density, which is 5.38 × 10-10 J/m. The result obtained here is in better agreement with experimental data than the one obtained in Part I of this paper with time domain radiation.

Empirical Verification of Swanson’s Caring Processes Found in Nursing Actions: Systematic Review

Caring has long been recognized as central to nursing and is increasingly posited as a core concept although developing a theoretical description of caring which is adequate in the 21st. century continues to be a difficult task for nursing scholars. Consequently, verifying existing theoretical structures of caring remains an ongoing challenge. The aim of this article is to provide empirical verification of the caring processes of “knowing,” “being with,” “doing for,” “enabling” and “maintaining belief” from Swanson’s Middle Range Caring Theory based on the categorization of nursing actions from a systematic literature review on care. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in the fields of nursing sciences, medicine and psychology. Purposeful sampling was carried out covering a period from 2003-2013. The final sample included 25 articles. Results: Major themes of nursing actions included “knowing” which consisted of centering, nurturing, informed understanding, assessment skills, communication and respect for individual differences. “Being with” was characterized by intimate relationship, connecting, presencing, emotional adaptability awareness of self/other and decentering. “Doing for” included competence, knowledge, professional/technical skills, helping actions, anticipatory, multidisciplinary and preserving dignity. “Enabling” was characterized by self care, commitment, complexity of care, appropriate communication, information/education, sharing power, enabling choice and ongoing validation. Finally, “maintaining belief” was characterized by spiritual being, humanistic view, harmonious balance, hope, love, and compassion, meaning, and religious and spiritual orientation. Conclusion: Empirical verification was shown for the caring processes described in Swanson’s Caring Theory grounded in concrete nursing actions.

Forestry Action Program——On China's 21st Century Agenda

Environment and development are important issues of common concern to societies of the contemporary world. They have a direct bearing on the destiny of mankind, as well as the future of the world. Their influence extends to every country, every people and every individual in this world. Forests are the key and bond to carry out the integration of environment and development. It has become a consensus in international society. Forestry shoulders two missions: optimization of the environment and promotion

Mach’s Principle, Action at a Distance and Cosmology

Hoyle and Narlikar (HN) in the 1960’s [1] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F005200650066003400310031003900330036003000340034000000 -[3] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F005200650066003400310031003900330036003000340037000000 developed a theory of gravitation which was completely Machian and used both retarded and advanced waves to communicate gravitational influence between particles. The advanced waves, which travel backward in time, are difficult to visualize and although they are mathematically allowed by relativistic wave equations, they never really caught on. The HN theory reduced to Einstein’s theory of gravity in the smooth fluid approximation and a transformation into the rest frame of the fluid. Hawking [4] 08D0C9EA79F9BACE118C8200AA004BA90B02000000080000000E0000005F005200650066003400310031003900330036003000350030000000 in 1965 pointed out a possible flaw in the theory. This involved integrating out into the distant future to account for all the advanced waves which might influence the mass of a particle here and now. Hawking used infinity as his upper time limit and showed the integral was divergent. We point out that since the universe is known to be expanding, and accelerating, the upper limit in the advanced wave time integral should not be infinite but is bounded by the Cosmic Event Horizon. This event horizon He represents a barrier between future events that can be observed and those which cannot. We show that the advanced wave integral is finite when He/C, is used as the upper limit of the advanced wave integral. Hawking’s objection is no longer valid and the HN theory becomes a working theory once again.

基于S曲线和分子对接技术对不同香气物质相互作用研究

通过S曲线法测定了9种天然产物中的香气物质的识别阈值,并将这9种香气物质按食品中常见的5种香韵(烤香、木香、甜香、酸香和果香香韵)进行分类,研究香气二元混合物之间的相互作用研究,香韵结构两两组合共得到32组混合物,通过双向协同研究,共计64组数据,不同香韵的香气物质之间呈现的相互作用大部分是掩盖效果和协同效果,小部分呈现出加成作用。利用分子对接技术对4组香气物质(5-甲基糠醛、丁酸、愈创木酚和丙酸)与嗅觉受体OR1D2进行研究,结果显示,香气化合物可以通过氢键和疏水键与嗅觉受体OR1D2上的氨基酸残基发生相互作用,从而激活嗅觉受体,以实现香味的感知。香气化合物之间会通过竞争活性位点来使某种气味被感知到的强度减弱,而有些香气化合物之间可能会相互协作与受体之间的活性位点结合,从而表现出协同作用。

Repositioning of clinically approved drug Bazi Bushen capsule for treatment of Alzheimer′s disease using network pharma⁃cology approach and in vitro experimental validation

OBJECTIVE To explore the new indications and key mechanism of Bazi Bushen capsule(BZBS)by network pharmacology and in vitro experiment.METHODS The potential tar⁃get profiles of the components of BZBS were pre⁃dicted.Subsequently,new indications for BZBS were predicted by disease ontology(DO)enrich⁃ment analysis and initially validated by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis.Further⁃more,the therapeutic target of BZBS acting on AD signaling pathway were identified by intersec⁃tion analysis.Two Alzheimer′s disease(AD)cell models,BV-2 and SH-SY5Y,were used to pre⁃liminarily verify the anti-AD efficacy and mecha⁃nism of BZBS in vitro.RESULTS In total,1499 non-repeated ingredients were obtained from 16 herbs in BZBS formula,and 1320 BZBS targets with high confidence were predicted.Disease enrichment results strongly suggested that BZBS formula has the potential to be used in the treat⁃ment of AD.In vitro experiments showed that BZ⁃BS could significantly reduce the release of TNF-αand IL-6 and the expression of COX-2 and PSEN1 in Aβ25-35-induced BV-2 cells.BZBS reduced the apoptosis rate of Aβ25-35 induced SH-SY5Y cells,significantly increased mitochon⁃drial membrane potential,reduced the expres⁃sion of Caspase3 active fragment and PSEN1,and increased the expression of IDE.CONCLU⁃SIONS BZBS formula has a potential use in the treatment of AD,which is achieved through regu⁃lation of ERK1/2,NF-κB signaling pathways,and GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.Further⁃more,the network pharmacology technology is a feasible drug repurposing strategy to reposition new clinical use of approved TCM and explore the mechanism of action.The study lays a foun⁃dation for the subsequent in-depth study of BZBS in the treatment of AD and provides a basis for its application in the clinical treatment of AD.

China's Action Plan on IPR Protection 2006

China’s terrific trade growth is often getting a lot of flake from its international peers for one of the many alleged reasons that China, more often than not, infringes intellectual property right (IPR),’copyright theft’ as a far-fetched simile puts it. But China’s efforts to crack down on infringements are also applauded worldwide; the source from The Ministry of Commerce provides the following ’Action Plan 2006’ to fight IPR violation.

A Contribution to the DLF-Theory: On Singularities of the SU(2,2)-Action in U(1,1)

Segal’s chronometric theory is based on a space-time D, which might be viewed as a Lie group with a causal structure defined by an invariant Lorentzian form on the Lie algebra u(2). Similarly, the space-time F is realized as the Lie group with a causal structure defined by an invariant Lorentzian form on u(1,1). Two Lie groups G, GF are introduced as representations of SU(2,2): they are related via conjugation by a certain matrix Win Gl(4). The linear-fractional action of G on D is well-known to be global, conformal, and it plays a crucial role in the analysis on space-time bundles carried out by Paneitz and Segal in the 1980’s. This analysis was based on the parallelizing group U(2). In the paper, singularities’ general (“geometric”) description of the linear-fractional conformal GF-action on F is given and specific examples are presented. The results call for the analysis of space-time bundles based on U(1,1) as the parallelizing group. Certain key stages of such an analysis are suggested.

Hints of the Photonic Nature of the Electromagnetic Fields in Classical Electrodynamics

Several recent publications show that the electromagnetic radiation generated by transmitting antennas satisfy the following universal conditions: The time domain radiation fields satisfy the condition A ≥ h/4π ⇒q ≥ e where A is the action of the radiation field, which is defined as the product of the radiated energy and the duration of the radiation, h is the Planck constant, e is the electronic charge and q is the charge associated with the radiating system. The frequency domain radiation fields satisfy the condition U ≥ hv ⇒q ≥ e where U is the energy radiated in a single burst of radiation of duration T/2 and v is the frequency of oscillation. The goal of this paper is to show that these conditions, which indeed are expressions of the photonic nature of the electromagnetic fields, are satisfied not only by the radiation fields generated by physical antennas but also by the radiation fields generated by accelerating or decelerating electric charges. The results presented here together with the results obtained in previous studies show that hints of the photonic nature of the electromagnetic radiation remain hidden in the field equations of classical electrodynamics, and they become apparent when the dimension of the radiating system is pushed to the extreme limits as allowed by nature.

Heuristic Estimation of the Vacuum Energy Density of the Universe: Part I—Analysis Based on Time Domain Electromagnetic Radiation

In this paper, an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density of the universe is derived using an indirect and heuristic procedure. The derivation is based on a proposed thought experiment, according to which an electron is accelerated to a constant and relativistic speed at a distance L from a perfectly conducting plane. The charge of the electron is represented by a spherical charge distribution located within the Compton wavelength of the electron. Subsequently, the electron is incident on the perfect conductor giving rise to transition radiation. The energy associated with the transition radiation depends on the parameter L. It is shown that an inequality satisfied by the vacuum energy density will emerge when the length L is pushed to cosmological dimensions and the product of the radiated energy and the time duration of emission are constrained by Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. The inequality derived is given by ρΛ ≤ 9.9×10-9J/m3 where ρΛ is the vacuum energy density. This result is consistent with the measured value of the vacuum energy density, which is 0.538 × 10-9J/m. Since there is a direct relationship between the vacuum energy density and the Einstein’s cosmological constant, the inequality can be converted directly to that of the cosmological constant.

加快推进广东省灌区水效“领跑者”创建的思考

深入学习习近平总书记治水重要论述精神,在新阶段进一步推进节水工作,挖掘灌区节水潜力。跟进我国灌区水效领跑者引领行动的积极进展,总结各省的先进做法和经验,聚焦分析行动过程中的实施难点,立足广东省实际和农业用水管理发展需求、新阶段水利高质量发展要求,为广东省加快创建灌区水效“领跑者”提供基础支撑和有效思路。

玉米谷胱甘肽转移酶(GSTs)特性及除草剂的诱导作用

对玉米谷胱甘肽转移酶(GSTs)组织分布、发育期变化及乙草胺和阿特拉津对GSTs的影响进行了初步研究。结果表明,以CDNB为底物,玉米不同组织部位的GSTs活性具有显著差异,根中的GSTs活性最高,茎部次之,叶部最低;随着发育期的变化,GSTs活性也随之变化,除茎部外,随着发育期的变化,GSTs比活力也逐渐增加,GSTs活性到3叶期达到峰值,4叶期时GSTs活性逐渐降低;乙草胺对不同组织的诱导作用具有一定的差异,可以诱导叶部GSTs活性增加,对根部的GSTs活性呈抑制趋势;阿特拉津可以增加根部的GSTs活性,对叶部的GSTs活性起抑制作用。

包公藤甲素衍生物(S)-OTS·HCl的心脏电生理效应

目的·研究(S)-OTS·HCl对心脏生物电活动的影响。方法·运用细胞内生物电记录、心电图及Langendorff心脏灌流技术,在离体和在体情况下研究(S)-OTS·HCl对豚鼠和家兔心脏的作用。结果·(S)-OTS·HCl可与M_2型胆碱能受体结合,并在动物整体心电图记录中剂量依赖性地延长RR间期。(S)-OTS·HCl对心室肌的静息电位(RP)、动作电位幅值(APA)和动作电位最大上升速率(V_(max))没有影响,但(S)-OTS·HCl(1×10^(-5) mol/L)可显著缩短动作电位时程APD_(50)和APD_(90)分别至91.6%和90.9%。当(S)-OTS·HCl(1×10^(-7) mol/L)灌流家兔窦房结标本时,可使4期自动除极速率缩短至13.7%,也可有效抑制钙通道,并使窦房结自律性动作电位的APA和V_(max)减小。离体心肌收缩力亦随(S)-OTS·HCl的剂量增加而降低。结论·(S)-OTS·HCl是一个作用较强的胆碱能受体激动剂,能与心肌M_2受体结合,产生负性变时、变力和变传导效应。

Flash在基于Web的远程实时监控系统中的应用研究

探讨了如何在基于Web的远程实时监控系统中结合Flash技术实现动态实时监控曲线的几种方法。通过利用XML强大的结构化数据交换能力,以及ActionScript的网络通信能力实现客户端与服务器的通信,从而充分利用Flash丰富的表现及人机交互能力,实现基于Web的动态实时监控曲线。

载荷作用下EPS混凝土中弹性波传播特性研究

应用EPS混凝土模拟含缺陷的岩石材料。对EPS粒径分别为1 mm、2 mm和3 mm的三种EPS混凝土试样进行了载荷作用下不同频率的弹性波传播实验研究。采用单一频率脉冲叠合的方法来精确确定材料的波速,结果表明:EPS混凝土试件的p波波速随载荷增加的初始压密实阶段有较明显的增大趋势,当试件相对密实,波速增加则不很明显;s波波速随载荷增加有一定程度增加,但幅度比p波波速增加得小得多;应用一种相对波速的方法,即将波速与当前载荷下材料的声波速度进行对比,可以较好地分析波速与载荷及频率的关系;最后对波速与载荷和频率的关系进行了理论模拟分析。此研究对于应用弹性波进行材料和结构的无损检测等技术方面有参考意义。

Fe-S熔体作用浓度的计算模型

根据含化合物金属熔体共存理论及相图,推导了Fe-S熔体作用浓度计算模型,结果符合实际,并确定了硫的分配比与温度的关系式。

应用酵母单杂交体系筛选与大鼠谷胱甘肽S-转移酶P增强子GPEⅠ相互作用的转录激活因子

目的 探讨谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶 (GST- P)基因表达调控机制的多样性及其与化学致癌的关系 ,筛选与大鼠 GST- P增强子元件 GPE 相互作用的调控因子。方法 采用酵母单杂交体系筛选与 GPE 核心序列相互作用的转录激活因子 ,应用 DNA序列测定及计算机分析等手段对所测的 DNA序列进行分析。结果 共获得两个阳性克隆 p YGPE1和 p YGPE2。 DNA测序分析表明 :p YGPE1的插入片段与大鼠原癌基因 c- jun c DNA具有 99%的同源性 ,其编码的氨基酸序列与大鼠 c- Jun蛋白具有 10 0 %的同源性。 p YGPE2的插入片段与大鼠线粒体腺苷酸转位酶 c DNA具有 99%的同源性 ,其编码的氨基酸序列与大鼠腺苷酸转位酶具有 10 0 %的同源性。结论 大鼠 c- Jun蛋白和线粒体腺苷酸转位酶在酵母细胞内与大鼠 GST- P增强子 GPE 核心序列结合 ,可能是作用于 GPE 的反式作用因子。