An Engineering Computational Method of Calculating Wave Forces on the Mat and Platform's Sit-on-Bottom Stability

- In this paper, an engineering method is employed to calculate the horizontal and vertical wave forces on the mat of the submersible platform under Froude-Krylov hypothesis. According to some model tests, appropriate diffraction coefficients are selected. And the results of the formulae given in the paper agree satisfactorily with those experimental data now available. The proposed computational method is effective and convenient to use in evaluating the horizontal and vertical wave forces on the mat. An exmaple is also given in this paper. Finally, the effects of the vertical wave force on the platorm's sit-on-bottom stability are analyzed.

Robust control with compensation of adaptive model for dual-stage inertially stabilized platform

To achieve excellent tracking accuracy,a coarse-fine dual-stage control system is chosen for inertially stabilized platform.The coarse stage is a conventional inertially stabilized platform,and the fine stage is a secondary servo mechanism to control lens motion in the imaging optical path.Firstly,the dual-stage dynamics is mathematically modeled as a coupling multi-input multi-output(MIMO)control system.Then,by incorporating compensation of adaptive model to deal with parameter variations and nonlinearity,a systematic robust H∞control scheme is designed,which can achieve good tracking performance,as well as improve system robustness against model uncertainties.Lyapunov stability analysis confirmed the stability of the overall control system.Finally,simulation and experiment results are provided to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control design method.

Structure and Dynamic Characters of New Radar Stabilized Platform

Aimed at requirements, a kind of radar stabilized platform with external rotor and orthogonal shafts is designed. Its dynamic characters are analyzed by using finite element theory and ANSYS software. Also, a traditional stabilized platform with inner rotor is designed for comparison. It is shown that the new platform reduces two transmission links and 20% of precise components, its weight decreases by 20%, its natural frequency and rigidity are enlarged, the operating accuracy and stationary are increased. The new stabilized platform is more superiority and practicability. Its design method and analysis results have already been used in development mission. It provides helpful reference for similar structure designs.

Parameter identification of inertially stabilized platforms using current command design

Accurate parameter identification is essential when designing controllers for inertially stabilized platforms （lSPs）. But traditional identification methods suffer from observation measurement noise and operating restrictions of ISPs. To address this issue, a novel identification method based on current command design and multilevel coordinate search （MCS） algorithm without any higher order measurement differentiations was proposed. The designed current commands were adopted to obtain parameter decoupled models with the platform operating under allowable conditions. MCS algorithm was employed to estimate the parameters based on parameter decoupled models. A comparison experiment between the proposed method and non-linear least square method was carried out and most of the relative errors of identified parameters obtained by the proposed method were below 10%. Simulation and experiment based on identified parameters were conducted. A velocity control structure was also developed with disturbance observer （DOB） for application in disturbance compensation control system of an ISR Experimental results show that the control scheme based on the identified parameters with DOB has the best disturbance rejection performance. It reduces the peak to peak value （PPV） of velocity error integral to 0.8 mrad which is much smaller than the value （10 mrad） obtained by the single velocity controller without DOB. Compared with the control scheme based on sweep model with DOB compensation, the proposed control scheme improves the PPV of velocity error integral by 1.625 times.

Orientation density and workspace analysis of a parallel stabilized platform testing system

An optimized workspace calculation method is proposed for parallel stabilized platform testing systems.This method refines the searched space progressively in order to approach the boundary of the workspace from both the inside and the outside of it.The orientation density is defined and used as an evaluation index to calculate the orientation workspace.The algorithm of the orientation density is embedded into the computer program of the workspace calculation.Then the workspaces of the testing system are solved.In the solution,the orientation density is regarded as a discrete function of the reachable workspace.As a result,the reachable workspace and the orientation workspace are represented in the same multidimensional graphs.Finally the useful workspace of the testing system is determined based on these results.This case study indicates that the calculation efficiency is enhanced by adopting the optimized method and the practicability of workspace study is improved by proposing the orientation density.

Study on the Characteristics of A New Hybrid Mooring System for DualPlatform Joint Operations

As the sustainable exploitation of marine resources develops,dual-platform joint operation has caught increasing attention.Dual-platform joint operation requires smaller relative motion between the two sub-platforms,which is normally difficult to be satisfied by the traditional mooring system.Therefore,a new hybrid mooring system is developed and studied in this article.To ensure safety during platform movements,both the number of anchor chains and the relative motion between the two sub-platforms are reduced in the new hybrid mooring system.By performing numerical simulations based on three-dimensional potential flow theory in AQWA and physical experiments,the performances of both the new hybrid and traditional mooring systems under two different wave conditions(i.e.,working wave and freak wave conditions) are systematically investigated.Regarding the new hybrid mooring system,the relative stability between the two sub-platforms of the new system is better,and the platforms can restore stability faster when affected by freak waves.

Stability Study of Cable-Suspended Stewart Platform

The control stability of the end manipulator of a cable-suspended Stewart platform in disturbance was studied by combination of the multi-body system dynamics and control theory and the eigensystem realization algorithm （ERA）. The corresponding closodloop vibration control strategies were suggested based on position prediction with PD （proportional plus derivative ） control. Numerical simulation was made on a scale model to study the vibration control effects of the stewart platform with flexible suspension, including system response to step load, system response to cyclic load, and instability. Then, experiments for Stewart platform with cable suspension were designed to study the actual control effects and validate the validity of numerical simulation. The results show that the experimental results agree with the simulation results well, and the the system has a fairly good control effect to the end manipulator. Therefore, a preliminary conclusion can be made that it is feasible using the Stewart platform as the vibration control platform of the flexible support system, by position prediction of the base platform and PD feedback control law.

Development of a Stabilized Pan/Tilt Platform and the State of the Art

In the context of this paper, a small scale, medium precision, stabilized pan/tilt platform is developed as a prototype, which is used to compare various stabilization algorithms experimentally. The overall performance of the system depends on rigid body dynamics, structural dynamics, servo control loops, stabilization control algorithm, sensor fusion algorithm and sensory feedback such as from the IMU （inertial measurement unit）. In the case that the response bandwidth of the overall system is high enough, the same hardware can also achieve active vibration isolation. All of these design aspects are investigated in the paper via numerical models and with their experimental verification.

Reduced-order design of Robust H_∞ Controller for an Inertial Stabilized Aerial Platform

The uncertainty disturbance is one of the main disturbances that seriously influences the stabilization precision of an aerial inertially stabilized platform(ISP)system.In this paper,to improve the stabilization precision of the ISP under disturbance uncertainty,a robust H∞controller is designed in this paper.Then,the reduction order is carried out for high-order controllers generated by the robust H∞loop shaping control method.The application of the minimum implementation and balanced truncation algorithm in controller reduction is discussed.First,the principle of reduced order of minimum implementation and balanced truncation are analyzed.Then,the method is used to reduce the order of the high-order robust H∞loop shaping controller.Finally,the method is analyzed and verified by the simulations and experiments.The results show that by the reduced-order method of minimum implementation and balanced truncation,the stabilization precision of the robust H∞loop shaping controller is increased by about 10%.

导引头稳定平台离散时间预设性能控制

针对现有离散时间预设性能控制方法对滑模趋近律依赖度高、抖振缺陷明显的难题,通过创建一种摆脱了滑模控制的设计新框架,为拦截弹导引头稳定平台提出了一种离散时间预设性能控制新方法。首先,设计一种离散时间性能函数对跟踪误差的收敛轨迹进行包络约束;然后,定义一种离散时间转换误差并将其用于构造一种新颖的反馈函数;设计离散时间控制律对新开发的反馈函数而不是转换误差进行镇定,不仅保证了所有跟踪误差均具有期望的预设性能,还摆脱了控制算法对滑模趋近律的依赖性,从根本上解决了控制抖振难题;最后,通过数值对比仿真验证了所提方法的有效性与优势。

无人机稳像系统研究综述

针对无人机在飞行过程中会受到机身或环境的影响而造成航拍设备的抖动,对面向无人机平台的稳像系统进行分析。在简要介绍研究背景的基础上,主要从机械稳像和电子稳像2方面进行展开,系统介绍国内外研究现状和多种典型的稳像算法,分析无人机稳像系统未来可能发展的研究方向。结果表明,该研究对无人机航拍图像的增稳及不同场景下稳像方法的选取具有一定的指导作用。

旋转导向系统稳定平台自适应动态面控制

井下的多种干扰因素为旋转导向系统稳定平台的控制器设计增加了复杂性。为了应对未知摩擦力矩和建模误差对稳定平台的不良影响,提出一种自适应神经网络动态面控制方法,该方法使用RBF神经网络逼近摩擦及干扰力矩,设置状态观测器获取由于相关参数不确定导致的建模误差,并引入动态面方法避免传统反步控制带来的“微分爆炸”,最后使用李雅普诺夫法证明系统的稳定性。结果表明,该控制方法在稳定平台模型存在摩擦力矩、未知干扰和建模误差的情况下,仍能使工具面角准确、快速地跟踪输入指令信号,具有较好的自适应性和鲁棒性。

平台式航空重力仪研制及测试

以某型国产航空重力仪为例,介绍了三轴惯性稳定平台式航空重力仪的工作原理、设备组成,以及外场性能测试方法。通过误差模型分析,指出高精度水平姿态保持是进一步提高航空重力测量精度的关键因素之一,并建立了惯性稳定条件下平台旋转结合Kalman滤波误差估计的旋转组合标定方法,在保持惯性元件标校精度的基础上,提高了外场实施的效率。另外,根据航空重力测量的特点,总结了一套包括静态精度测量和动态精度测试在内的外场正式作业前仪器性能评价方法。测试结果显示,该型航空重力仪的静态精度达到0.14×10−5 m/s2,动态内符合中误差优于0.63×10−5 m/s2,系统差优于0.23×10−5 m/s2,达到国外高端航空重力仪指标水平。未来,随着仪器和差分GNSS精度的进一步提高,将开拓其在地震科学领域的应用。

浮式风机平台设计研究综述

大力发展风力发电技术是国家推动能源低碳转型、实现“双碳”目标的核心路径。随着陆上风电和近海风电资源开发逐渐饱和,风电开发从近岸走向深远海成为风电行业发展必然的趋势,而浮式风机平台的研发与优化是推进海上风电向深远海区域发展的关键。基于对国内外浮式风机平台发展现状的研究,进一步分析浮式风机平台设计中气动载荷、水动力载荷、系泊系统、耦合分析方法以及常用数值模拟工具的研究现状,重点梳理以提升结构稳性和降低成本为驱动的浮式风机平台的关键技术思路及构型特点,总结浮式风机平台优化的研究现状,以及其设计中存在的问题与挑战,以期为相关领域研究人员提供技术参考。

特殊工况下大型通用门式起重机基础设计可靠性验算

某长江大桥建设工程设置了水上施工平台,用于布置一台180 t通用门式起重机,主要用来吊运钢箱。该起重机的基础较特殊,是全钢管柱架构的施工平台,且位于长江之上。为了确保起重机使用安全,对其基础设计进行了计算,并通过有限元建模,计算整体结构的强度,再对应力最大处的钢管进行稳定性验算,来验证起重机基础的安全性。

应用于运动平台光电跟瞄系统的惯性参考单元研究综述

目标的变化和任务的拓展对光电跟瞄系统提出了快速机动的要求,从地基平台到车载、船载、机载、星载等运动平台是光电跟瞄系统的重要发展趋势。基于惯性参考单元(Inertial Reference Unit,IRU)的视轴稳定方式是克服运动平台高频扰动,实现光电跟瞄系统微弧度甚至亚微弧度级跟瞄的主要技术手段。针对运动平台光电跟瞄系统精确指向对载体基座扰动抑制的需求,分析和对比了IRU的各种技术方案,特别介绍了利用低噪声、宽频带惯性传感器敏感角扰动,并通过反馈控制实现视轴惯性稳定的系统方案。从此类IRU系统的工作原理出发,阐述了系统的两种工作模式及功能特点,建立了系统数学模型。然后,介绍了IRU的国内外研究进展及发展方向,指出惯性传感、支承结构和控制系统是决定IRU稳定能力的关键因素,梳理了三项关键技术的研究动态。最后,总结了IRU的空间应用情况,并结合目前的应用需求对其未来应用领域进行了探讨。

舰载雷达天线稳定平台横摇滚珠丝杠断裂失效分析

针对某型舰载雷达天线稳定平台发生的横摇滚珠丝杠断裂问题,对失效滚珠丝杠开展失效分析。通过综合分析失效滚珠丝杠的断口分析、化学成分检测、金相检测、硬度检测与力学性能检测结果,认为滚珠丝杠螺纹退刀槽过渡圆角区表面残留的氮化白亮层导致表面脆性增加,促进了疲劳源的产生,材料调质处理后的抗拉强度、下屈服强度偏低,降低了材料的疲劳强度,在超过其疲劳承载极限的横摇交变载荷作用下发生疲劳断裂。通过对滚珠丝杠螺纹退刀槽部位采取防渗氮保护或渗氮处理后彻底去除氮化白亮层,同时优化调质处理工艺参数可以提高该滚珠丝杠的疲劳寿命。

INERTIAL INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF NORTH SEEKING/SIGHT STABILIZING ON VEHICLE

A brand new method of automatic north seeking/sight stabilizing is introduced for usage in land fighting vehicles such as tank, etc. Some inertial devices are installed additionally on the platform along with relative control circuits to make its function of North seeking possible. Double position calculation is adopted in this method, and by alignment at two sites the azimuth angle can be figured out. Also the orientation and the horizontal shifts of the gyro are simultaneously measured and compensated so as to improve the accuracy of north seeking. The system can automatically seek north when the vehicle is immobile. And the time consumption is no more than 5.5 min. Besides, the system can keep azimuth angle and provide tilt angle and pitch angle of the vehicle.

滚仰式导引头跟踪策略研究

为了简化滚转-俯仰式导引头的跟踪过程,提出并通过实验证明了一种应用于此结构的跟踪方案。通过分析滚-仰式导引头的工作原理及特性,提出基于解像旋机理跟踪目标的新方法,以简单、有效地应用于工程实际。与传统坐标转换法不同,新方法的精度受到光轴等机械误差的影响更小,容错率更高,适用性、实时性更强,且可以同时通过角速率陀螺数据作为反馈进行任意方向的扰动补偿。根据陀螺安装方式的不同,通过推导导引头稳定平台状态及导引头与弹体间的相对运动关系得到稳定公式,完成控制系统的设计。通过半实物仿真进行实验验证,静态跟踪实验结果证明了新的跟踪方法具有可实用性。在动态跟踪实验中分别使用传统坐标转换法和新提出的解像旋法进行跟踪。动态实验结果表明:解像旋法在存在载体扰动情况下仍然适用;相比传统坐标转换法,解像旋法较大幅度地提高了跟踪精度,x轴跟踪误差RMSE值减小了79.10%,y轴减小了90.04%。

考虑传函零点的光电稳定平台抗扰控制设计

针对当前光电稳定平台伺服系统中自抗扰控制设计方法未考虑系统零点的问题,文中提出一种考虑传函零点的光电稳定平台抗扰控制设计方法。该方法通过扰动设计的方法将有零点的传函转换为无零点传函,使用扰动分离状态观测设计技术对设计的扰动进行补偿。仿真实验结果表明:在控制器相同、扰动条件相同的情况下,相比模型辅助的自抗扰算法,文中提出的算法阶跃响应调节时间减少80.72%,超调量减少61.97%;在1V2Hz等效扰动下,系统稳态精度提高36.69%,系统性能提升效果明显。在实物验证实验中,对于1V2Hz等效扰动下,文中提出的算法系统稳态精度提高了27.41%,对于不同频率的等效扰动,稳态精度能够提升20%以上,有效的提高了光电稳定平台的稳态精度。