Our previous study showed that vacuum erectile device （VED） therapy has improved erectile function in rats with bilateral cavernous nerve crush （BCNC） injuries. This study was designed to explore the mechanism of ...Our previous study showed that vacuum erectile device （VED） therapy has improved erectile function in rats with bilateral cavernous nerve crush （BCNC） injuries. This study was designed to explore the mechanism of VED in penile rehabilitation by analyzing cavernous oxygen saturation （SO2） and to examine the effect of VED therapy on preventing penile shrinkage after BCNC. Thirty adult Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups： group 1, sham surgery; group 2, BCNC; and group 3, BCNC＋VED. Penile length and diameter were measured on a weekly basis. After 4 weeks of therapy, the penile blood was extracted by three methods for blood gas analysis （BGA）： method 1, cavernous blood was aspirated at the flaccid state; method 2, cavernous blood was aspirated at the traction state; and method 3, cavernous blood was aspirated immediately after applying VED. SO2 values were tested by the blood gas analyzer. The results showed that VED therapy is effective in preventing penile shrinkage induced by BCNC （Penile shortening： BCNC group 1.9±1.1 mm; VED group 0.3±1.0 mm; P〈0.01. Penile diameter reduction： BCNC group 0.28±0.14 mm; VED group 0.04±0.14 mm; P〈0.01）. The mean SO2±s.d. values were increased by VED application （88.25%±4.94%） compared to the flaccid （76.53%±4.16%） or traction groups （78.93%±2.56%） （P〈0.05）. The calculated blood constructs in the corpus cavernosum right after VED application were 62% arterial and 38% venous blood. These findings suggest that VED therapy can effectively preserve penile size in rats with BCNC injury. The beneficial effect of VED therapy is related to antihypoxia by increasing cavernous blood SO2.展开更多
Genital size is a crucial index for the assessment of male sexual development, as abnormal penile or testicular size may be the earliest visible clinical manifestation of some diseases. However, there is a lack of dat...Genital size is a crucial index for the assessment of male sexual development, as abnormal penile or testicular size may be the earliest visible clinical manifestation of some diseases. However, there is a lack of data regarding penile and testicular size measurements for Chinese boys at all stages of childhood and puberty. This cross-sectional study aimed to develop appropriate growth curves and charts for male external genitalia among children and adolescents aged 0-17 years in Chongqing, China. A total of 2974 boys were enrolled in the present study. Penile length was measured using a rigid ruler, penile diameter was measured using a pachymeter, and testicular volume was determined using a Prader orchidometer. Age-specific percentile curves for penile length, penile diameter, and testicular volume were drawn using the generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape. Very similar growth curves were found for both penile length and penile diameter. Both of them gradually rose to 10 years of age and then sharply increased from 11 to 15 years of age. However, testicular volume changed little before the age of 10 years. This study contributes to the literature covering age-specific growth curve and charts about male external genitalia in Chinese children and adolescents. These age-related values are valuable in evaluating the growth and development status of male external genitalia and could be helpful in diagnosing genital disorders.展开更多
文摘Our previous study showed that vacuum erectile device （VED） therapy has improved erectile function in rats with bilateral cavernous nerve crush （BCNC） injuries. This study was designed to explore the mechanism of VED in penile rehabilitation by analyzing cavernous oxygen saturation （SO2） and to examine the effect of VED therapy on preventing penile shrinkage after BCNC. Thirty adult Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups： group 1, sham surgery; group 2, BCNC; and group 3, BCNC＋VED. Penile length and diameter were measured on a weekly basis. After 4 weeks of therapy, the penile blood was extracted by three methods for blood gas analysis （BGA）： method 1, cavernous blood was aspirated at the flaccid state; method 2, cavernous blood was aspirated at the traction state; and method 3, cavernous blood was aspirated immediately after applying VED. SO2 values were tested by the blood gas analyzer. The results showed that VED therapy is effective in preventing penile shrinkage induced by BCNC （Penile shortening： BCNC group 1.9±1.1 mm; VED group 0.3±1.0 mm; P〈0.01. Penile diameter reduction： BCNC group 0.28±0.14 mm; VED group 0.04±0.14 mm; P〈0.01）. The mean SO2±s.d. values were increased by VED application （88.25%±4.94%） compared to the flaccid （76.53%±4.16%） or traction groups （78.93%±2.56%） （P〈0.05）. The calculated blood constructs in the corpus cavernosum right after VED application were 62% arterial and 38% venous blood. These findings suggest that VED therapy can effectively preserve penile size in rats with BCNC injury. The beneficial effect of VED therapy is related to antihypoxia by increasing cavernous blood SO2.
文摘Genital size is a crucial index for the assessment of male sexual development, as abnormal penile or testicular size may be the earliest visible clinical manifestation of some diseases. However, there is a lack of data regarding penile and testicular size measurements for Chinese boys at all stages of childhood and puberty. This cross-sectional study aimed to develop appropriate growth curves and charts for male external genitalia among children and adolescents aged 0-17 years in Chongqing, China. A total of 2974 boys were enrolled in the present study. Penile length was measured using a rigid ruler, penile diameter was measured using a pachymeter, and testicular volume was determined using a Prader orchidometer. Age-specific percentile curves for penile length, penile diameter, and testicular volume were drawn using the generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape. Very similar growth curves were found for both penile length and penile diameter. Both of them gradually rose to 10 years of age and then sharply increased from 11 to 15 years of age. However, testicular volume changed little before the age of 10 years. This study contributes to the literature covering age-specific growth curve and charts about male external genitalia in Chinese children and adolescents. These age-related values are valuable in evaluating the growth and development status of male external genitalia and could be helpful in diagnosing genital disorders.
