Clinical experience of percutaneous m itralballoon valvuloplastyin 350 casesin Chinese and long term follow-up

Objectives: This study is to introduce of the clinical experience of percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty 350 cases in Chinese and the long term follow up. Method: The modfied Inoue method was performed. Results: Effective PBMV was performed in 344 cases, the success rate was 98.3%:mitral area assessed by 2 dimenrional echocardiography (1.11±0.29 to 2.19 ±0.40cm 2, P <0.01 ). One hundrad and five patients were followed at a mean (46.7± 26.3 ) months (range 9 months to 8.5 years). after procedure restenosis was 11.4%(12/15), death 2.9 %(3/105, cerebral embolism in 2, congestive heart failure in 1; mitral valve replacement in 3.8%(4/105). Conclusions: percutaneous mitral commissurotomy provided excellent immediate and lale clinical results.

CHANGES OF PLASMA ENDOTHELIN CONCENTRATIONS BEFORE AND AFTER PERCUTANEOUS BALLOON MITRAL VALVULOPLASTY IN PATIENTS WITH MITRAL STENOSIS

Plasma concentrations of endothelin in bloor from the femoral vein and the antecubital vein were measured in 35 patients with mitral stenosis and heart failure before and after percutaneous balloon mitralvalvuloplasty(PBMV). The basal plasma concentrations of endothelin in blood from the antecubirtal vein in the patients were significantly higher than those in 32 control subjects (15. 40± 3. 32 vs. 9. 59± 2. 66 pg/ml, P<0. 001). Plasma endothelin concentrations in patients in New York Heart Association functional classes Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in control subjects, respectively. The concentrations of endothelin in patients with atrial fibrillation were also significantly higher than those in patients with normal sinus rhythm. Ten to fifteen minutes after PBMV, plasma endothelin concentrations in blood from the femoral vein significantly decreased from 16. 14 ± 3. 34 to 13. 74 ± 3. 78 pg/ml (P<0. 01 ). Seventy-two hours after the procedure, the concentrations of endothelin in blood from the antecubital vein had fallen to 12. 31 ± 2. 55 pg/ml (P<0. 001 vs. before PBMV and control subjects). Plasma endothelin concentrations still tended to be higher in patients with atrial fibrillation than those in normal sinus rhythm, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. There were weak but significantly correlations of plasma endothe lin concentrations with the mean left atrial pressure (r= 0. 424 , P < 0.001 ), mean right atrial pressure (r=0. 323, P<0. 01), mean transmitral pressure gradient (r= 0. 397, P<0. 001), heart rate (r= 0. 350,P<0. 005)and mitral valve area (r=-0. 454, P<0. 001) in the patients before and after PBMV.

The Value of Perioperative Echocardiography in Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty

in order to investigate the value of perioperative echocardiography in percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV),two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE), Doppler echocardiography and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) were employed prior to PBMV in 52 patients and during or after PBMV in 15 patients. The results showed that TTE and TEE were helpful in the selection of candidates for 2-DE transseptal and balloon dilation procedures. Continuous monitoring of 2-DE, Doppler echocardiography and CDFI during PBMV could make this procedure safer and more effective, reduce X-ray exposure and avoid complications. Echocardiography was usefui in fluoroscopy and could be used for evaluation of the effects of operation.

Clinical outcome of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty in 103 patients

Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) was performed in 103 consecutive patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. PBMV was accomplished in 99 patients. Singnificant symptomatic improvement was achieved in 98 patients (98/99 , 99% ). Mean left atr

Predictors of Complications during Percutaneous Multitrack Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty

Background: Percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty is the main procedure in mitral stenosis (MS). It can replace surgical commissurotomy in many cases;however, mitral regurgitation (MR) remains the major procedure complication. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate predictors of MR as a complication followingpercutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) using multitrack balloon technique. Methods: This cohort study was conducted at both Menoufia University Hospital and Mabaret Misr Elkadima Hospital. We enrolled 121 patients with moderate to severe MS who were subjected to PMV using multitrack balloon technique during the period from October 2017 to October 2019. Transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation was performed for all patients before and after the procedure. Patients who developed severe MR post procedure were compared with other patients to identify important distinction points. Results: Most patients (N = 109, 90.1%) developed no/mild MR (group A), whereas 12 (9.9%) patients developed severe MR (group B) after PMV. Those who developed severe MR had significantly higher weight, height, body mass index, and body surface area (P value < 0.001 for each). Also, there was a significant difference between both groups regarding pre-operative Wilkins score (8.7 ± 1.3 for severe MR versus 7.9 ± 1.2 for No/Mild MR, P = 0.046). Patients who developed severe MR had higher incidence of other valvular lesions such as mild aortic regurgitation (91.7% versus 36.7%, P < 0.001), higher mitral valve (MV) commissural calcification (50.0% versus 14.7%, P = 0.008), pre-operative MR (100.0% versus 35.8%, P < 0.001), higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (100.0% versus 38.5%, P < 0.001). Regarding balloon sizing, it was significantly higher among patients who developed severe MR compared with those having mild or no MR (P = 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis identified MV balloon sizing (OR 3.877, CI 95% 1.131 - 13.289, P = 0.031) and MV commissural asymmetry of calcification (OR 67.48, CI 95% 5.759 - 790.72, P = 0.001) as significant predictors of outcomes of MV commissurotomy. Conclusion: Mitral valve calcification, balloon sizing, and MV asymmetry are significant factors that can predict the development of MR after balloon valvuloplasty.

Acute Stent Thrombosis Following Concomitant Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Balloon aortic valvuloplasty is often used as a palliative measure or as a bridge to transcatheter aortic valve replacement in the management of aortic stenosis in high risk or inoperable patients. Severe aortic stenosis coexisting with coronary artery dis-ease is not uncommon. In these circumstances, adjuvant percutaneous coronary intervention may be warranted. The safety and efficacy of combined valve and coronary intervention strategies has been recently studied. An increased incidence of complications when both procedures are performed in the same setting may throw new challenges. We report a case of fatal acute stent thrombosis following balloon aortic valvuloplasty and percutaneous coronary intervention.

Percutaneous transhepatic extraction and balloon dilation for simultaneous gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones:A novel technique

AIM To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of an innovative percutaneous transhepatic extraction and balloon dilation(PTEBD) technique for clearance of gallbladder stones in patients with concomitant stones in the common bile duct(CBD).METHODS The data from 17 consecutive patients who underwent PTEBD for clearance of gallbladder stones were retrospectively analyzed. After removal of the CBD stones by percutaneous transhepatic balloon dilation(PTBD), the gallbladder stones were extracted to the CBD and pushed into the duodenum with a balloon after dilation of the sphincter of Oddi. Large stones were fragmented using a metallic basket. The patients were monitored for immediate adverse events including hemorrhage, perforation, pancreatitis, and cholangitis. During the two-year follow-up, they were monitored for stone recurrence, reflux cholangitis, and other longterm adverse events.RESULTS Gallbladder stones were successfully removed in 16(94.1%) patients. PTEBD was repeated in one patient. The mean hospitalization duration was 15.9 ± 2.2 d. Biliary duct infection and hemorrhage occurred in one(5.9%) patient. No severe adverse events, including pancreatitis or perforation of the gastrointestinal or biliary tract occurred. Neither gallbladder stone recurrence nor refluxing cholangitis had occurred two years after the procedure.CONCLUSION Sequential PTBD and PTEBD are safe and effective for patients with simultaneous gallbladder and CBD stones. These techniques provide a new therapeutic approach for certain subgroups of patients in whom endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography/endoscopic sphincterotomy or surgery is not appropriate.

Modified percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation for patients with refractory hepatolithiasis

BACKGROUND Some patients with hepatolithiasis cannot tolerate surgery due to severe cardiac or pulmonary comorbidities,or cannot be endoscopically treated because of altered gastrointestinal anatomies.AIM To propose a modified percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation procedure,and evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of this modality.METHODS Data from 21 consecutive patients who underwent modified percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation with hepatolithiasis were retrospectively analyzed.Using auxiliary devices,intrahepatic bile duct stones were pushed into the common bile duct and expelled into the duodenum with an inflated balloon catheter.The outcomes recorded included success rate,procedure time,hospital stay,causes of failure,and procedure-related complications.Patients with possible long-term complications were followed up for 2 years.RESULTS Intrahepatic bile duct stones were successfully removed in 20(95.23%)patients.Mean procedure time was 65.8±5.3 min.Mean hospital stay was 10.7±1.5 d.No pancreatitis,gastrointestinal,or biliary duct perforation was observed.All patients were followed up for 2 years,and there was no evidence of reflux cholangitis or calculi recurrence.CONCLUSION Modified percutaneous transhepatic papillary balloon dilation was feasible and safe with a small number of patients with hepatolithiasis,and may be a treatment option in patients with severe comorbidities or in patients in whom endoscopic procedure was not successful.

Percutaneous Balloon Compression and Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia: Management Outcome

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain syndrome characterized by paroxysmal, shock-like, stabbing, recurrent episodes of pain localized in the distribution area of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. The Initial approach for treating trigeminal neuralgia consists of pharmacological therapy. Many patients experience initial pain relief with pharmacological therapy;however, most of those patients eventually undergo surgery. Patients and Methods: In this descriptive prospective study, we evaluate the efficiency and safety of percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treating patients with typical idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. This study includes 21 patients (divided into two groups, PBC = 15 patients and RFA = six patients) who met our inclusion and exclusion criteria, from May 2018 to April 2019, with a follow-up period of six months. Results: At one month postoperative follow-up, all patients in both groups were pain-free. At six months postoperative follow-up, in group 1 (PBC), 14 (95.24%) patients were pain-free, while in group 2 (RFA) all patients remained pain-free. The most common encountered postoperative complications are masticatory muscles weakness (Four patients in PBC group, and one patient in RFA group) and facial hypothesia (12 patients in PBC group and four patients in RFA group). Conclusions: In our study, patients with trigeminal neuralgia were not controlled by drug treatment, but percutaneous balloon compression and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation proved to be very effective treatment options, with no major complications.

Safety and efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic balloon dilation in removing common bile duct stones:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST) is widely regarded as the first choice in the management of common bile duct(CBD) stones. However, for some patients, this treatment is not possible. The percutaneous transhepatic balloon dilation(PTBD)technique has been suggested as an alternative but has yet to gain wide acceptance.AIM To review cases of PTBD for removing CBD stones and explore the safety and efficacy of this treatment.METHODS We conducted a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched EMBASE,PubMed, and Web of Science for cases of PTBD that underwent CBD stone removal from 1981 to January 2019. We analyzed all relevant articles available in full text. We extracted data on patient's age, gender, overall technique success rate, reasons for technique failure, and the presence and type of major and minor complications. We analyzed the data and reported the results in a table and text.Altogether, we retrieved 12 case series and 6 case reports, for a total of 1347 patients. Thirty cases were excluded due to a lack of patient data.RESULTS The overall technique success rate for removing a CBD stone was 98.5%(1327/1347) and 98.1%(109/111) for removing concurrent CBD and gallbladder stones. Based on available data(n = 1312), mean age of all patients(687 males and625 females) was 68.9 years. The total number of procedures in the remaining 1317 patients(after exclusion) was 3237(average 2.4 procedures per patient). The total number of failures for eliminating a CBD stone was 20, and the reasons for failure included: Stone impaction(n = 10), intrahepatic bile duct stricture(n = 5),large stone(n = 2), severe CBD dilation(n = 1), multiple stones(n = 1), and duodenal perforation(n = 1). Various major complications related to the procedure were reported, but the incidence rate was low(1.4%). No pancreatitis or procedure related mortality was reported. Minor complications including transient hyperamylasemia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, and mild hemobilia were reported. For 218 patients(88 patients with unsuccessful endoscopic removal due to anatomical change and large or impacted stone and130 cases who refused endoscopic procedure due to poor general condition or other additional disease), the CBD stones were successfully pushed into the duodenum by performing the PTBD procedure.CONCLUSION PTBD is a safe and effective approach in the nonoperative management of CBD stones. PTBD provides an alternative treatment when endoscopic procedures fail or are unsuitable for the patient.

Optimal duration of percutaneous microballoon compression for treatment of trigeminal nerve injury

Percutaneous microballoon compression of the trigeminal ganglion is a brand new operative technique for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. However, it is unclear how the procedure mediates pain relief, and there are no standardized criteria, such as compression pressure, com- pression time or balloon shape, for the procedure. In this study, percutaneous microballoon compression was performed on the rabbit trigeminal ganglion at a mean inflation pressure of 1,005 ＋ 150 mmHg for 2 or 5 minutes. At 1, 7 and 14 days after percutaneous microballoon compression, the large-diameter myelinated nerves displayed axonal swelling, rupture and demy- elination under the electron microscope. Fragmentation of myelin and formation of digestion chambers were more evident after 5 minutes of compression. Image analyzer results showed that the diameter of trigeminal ganglion cells remained unaltered after compression. These experi- mental findings indicate that a 2-minute period of compression can suppress pain transduction. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the ganglion cells and axons was significantly increased 7 days after trigeminal ganglion compression, however, the changes were similar after 2-minute compression and 5-minute compression. The upregulated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the ganglion cells after percu- taneous microballoon compression can promote the repair of the injured nerve. These findings suggest that long-term compression is ideal for patients with recurrent trigeminal neuralgia.

IMPORTANCE OF ATRIAL CONTRIBUTION TO LEFT VENTRICULAR FILING IN MITRAL STENOSIS BEFORE AND AFTER BALLOON VALVULOPLASTY

To assess the importance of atrial contribution to left ventricular filling in mitral stenosis, Doppler echocardiography war performed in 31 patients with mitral stenosis and sinus rhythm before(all patients) and after (15 patients) percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty. Percent atrial contribution was derived from the ratio of atrial velocity-time integral (VTI) to total mitral VTL.The percent atrial contribution correlated closely with mitral valve area (r=0.91, P<0.001) and was inversely related to mean pressure gradient across the mitral valve orifice (r= -0.68, P<0.01). The study indicates that the degree of mitral stenosis exeris a great effect on the importance of a trial contribution to left ventricular filling in patients with mitral stenosis and sinus rhythm.

Medium-Term Results of Balloon Valvuloplasty of Native Pulmonary Valve Stenosis with and without Supravalvular Obstruction in Childhood

Objectives:Factors influencing results of balloon valvuloplasty(BVP)of pulmonary valve stenosis(PS)in children are investigated.Background:BVP has become the standard of care for PS,medium-term results are not uniform and depend on various preconditions.Methods:We analysed the medium-term results of BVP of PS in children in an observational,single centre study.Need for additional procedure was defined as outcome after initial BVP.Results:We included 143 children(83 female)at a median(IQR)age of 2.6(0.26–9.24)months and body weight of 5(3.4–8)kg at BVP with a follow–up of 5.04(1.6–10.2)years.We used balloon size of 10(9–14)mm and maximal balloon pressure of 4(3.5–10)atm,resulting in balloon–to–pulmonary annulus ratio of 1.28(1.2–1.4).Systolic pressure gradient of PS was reduced with BVP(43.5 mmHg vs.14.0 mmHg,p<0.001)and confirmed by echocardiography(68.0 mmHg vs.25.0 mmHg,p<0.001)day 1 post procedure.Pulmonary BVP with associated supravalvular PS resulted in a relevant reduction of systolic pressure gradient in 23 of 31 patients(74.2%).Early additional procedure was necessary in 14 patients(9.8%)after 0.2(0.1–0.7)years due to residual PS(n=13)and infective endocarditis(n=1).Factors for additional procedures were associated supravalvular PS with a higher residual pressure gradient,but not genetic syndrome.During further follow–up of 5.04(1.6–10.2)years no further additional procedures were needed.Conclusions:Pulmonary BVP of native pulmonary valve stenosis leads to excellent medium-term results,even in 3 of 4 infants with associated supravalvular obstruction sufficient pressure relief can be obtained.

Balloon valvuloplasty as destination therapy in elderly with severe aortic stenosis： a cardiac catheterization study

Background In the current era of transcatheter aortic valve replacement, there is renewed interest in balloon aortic valvuloplasty （BAV） and invasive hemodynarnic evaluation of aortic stenosis （AS）. The current report aimed to study the invasive hemodynamics of se- vere AS patients treated with BAV as destination therapy and to identify factors associated with better hemodynamic outcome and prognosis. Methods From 2009 to 2012, 63 high risk elderly patients were treated with BAV as destination therapy for symptomatic severe AS and were all prospectively included in the study. Their hemodynamies were invasively evaluated during catheterization, pre- and post-BAV at the same session. All Post-BAV patients were regularly followed-up. Results The patients （82 ~ 6 years, 52% male） had post-BAV aortic valve area index （AVAi） significantly increased and mean pressure gradient （MPG） significantly reduced. During the follow-up of 0.9 （maximum 3.3） years, those with post-BAV AVAi 〈 0.6 cm2/m2 compared with the AVAi _〉 0.6 cm2/m2 group had significantly higher mortality （60% vs. 28%, log-rank P = 0.02）, even after adjusting for age, gender, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease and EuroSCORE [HR： 5.58, 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.62-19.20, P = 0.006]. The only independent predictor of moderate AS post-BAV was the pre-BAV AVAi increase by 0.1cm^2/m^2 （OR： 3.81, 95% CI： 1.33-10.89, P = 0.01）. Pre-BAV AVAi 〉 0.39 cm^2/m^2 could predict with sensitivity 84% and specificity 70% the post-BAV hemodynamic outcome. Conclusions BAV as destination therapy for severe AS offered immediate and significant hemodynamic improvement. The survival was significantly better when a moderate degree of AS was present.

CHANGES OF PLASMA DYNORPHIN LEVELS BEFORE AND AFTER PERCUTANEOUS BALLOON MITRAL COMMISSUROTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH MITRAL STENOSIS

Plasma dynorphin A1-13 levels were measured in 33 patients with mitral stenosis before and after percutaneous balloon mitral commissurotomy (PBMC). The results show that the basal levels of plasma dynorphin in blood from the antecubital vein in the patients were significantly higher than those in 31 healthy control subjects. The increase in circulating dynorphin closely correlated with the functional cardiac status and the presence of atrial fibrillation. Ten to fifteen minutes after PBMC, plasma dynorphin levels in blood from the femoral vein increased significantly. Seventy-two hours after the procedure, the levels of plasma dynorphin in blood from the antecubital vein had decreased significantly , but they did not decrease to the normal range. Plasma dynorphin levels in blood from the femoral vein were positively correlated with the mean left atrial pressure and the mean right atrial pressure before the first balloon inflation. Plasma dynorphin levels in blood from the antecubital vein were positively correlated with the heart rate and the mean transmitral pressure gradient, and negatively with the mitral valve area before and 72 hours after PBMC.

Rapid right ventricular pacing for balloon valvuloplasty in congenital aortic stenosis:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Balloon aortic valvuloplasty(BAV)is a well-established treatment modality for congenital aortic valve stenosis.AIM To evaluate the role of rapid right ventricular pacing(RRVP)in balloon stabilization during BAV on aortic regurgitation(AR)in pediatric patients.METHODS A systematic review of the MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,and Scopus databases was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines(end-of-search date:July 8,2020).The National Heart,Lung,and Blood Institute and Newcastle-Ottawa scales was utilized for quality assessment.RESULTS Five studies reporting on 72 patients were included.The studies investigated the use of RRVP-assisted BAV in infants(>1 mo)and older children,but not in neonates.Ten(13.9%)patients had a history of some type of aortic valve surgical or catheterization procedure.Before BAV,58(84.0%),7(10.1%),4(5.9%)patients had AR grade 0(none),1(trivial),2(mild),respectively.After BAV,34(49.3%),6(8.7%),26(37.7%),3(4.3%),patients had AR grade 0,1,2,and 3(moderate),respectively.No patient developed severe AR after RRVP.One(1.4%)developed ventricular fibrillation and was defibrillated successfully.No additional arrhythmias or complications occurred during RRVP.CONCLUSION RRVP can be safely used to achieve balloon stability during pediatric BAV,which could potentially decrease AR rates.

局部麻醉下经皮穿刺球囊压迫术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的方案选择

目的 探讨局部麻醉下实施经皮穿刺球囊压迫术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的方案选择。方法 选取2018年8月至2022年8月就诊于锦州医科大学附属第三医院行经皮穿刺球囊压迫术的原发性三叉神经痛患者60例,随机分成3组,A组在卵圆孔外口给予2%利多卡因1 mL,入颅内后给予0.5%利多卡因0.5 mL;B组在卵圆孔外口给予2%利多卡因1 mL,入颅内后给予0.25%利多卡因0.5 mL;C组在卵圆孔外口给予2%利多卡因0.5 mL,入颅内后给予0.25%利多卡因0.5 mL。记录患者术中疼痛、三叉神经心脏反射、术后面部疼痛及麻木情况。结果 术前3组视觉模拟疼痛量表(VAS)评分无统计学差异,在卵圆孔穿刺时,C组VAS评分和三叉神经心脏反射发生率显著高于A、B组(P <0.05);而在球囊压迫时,3组VAS评分和三叉神经心脏反射发生率无统计学差异(P> 0.05);术后6个月和12个月随访显示,3组患者面部疼痛和麻木程度无统计学差异(P> 0.05)。结论 穿刺卵圆孔时应给予足量(2%利多卡因1 mL)局部麻醉药以保证患者镇痛效果和抑制不良反射,在球囊压迫时,低浓度局部麻醉药(0.25%利多卡因0.5 mL)同样可获得镇痛效果并抑制不良反射,对远期手术效果无显著影响。

经皮椎弓根钉内固定结合PKP治疗胸腰段脊柱骨折的效果

目的探讨采用经皮椎弓根钉内固定结合球囊扩张人工骨椎体成形术(percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗胸腰段脊柱骨折的效果。方法选取2021年1月—2023年12月东莞仁康医院骨科接收的60例胸腰段脊柱2度及3度椎体压缩骨折患者为研究对象。根据不同手术方法分为对照组与观察组,各30例。对照组实施切开内固定结合人工骨椎体成形术治疗,观察组实施经皮椎弓根钉内固定结合PKP治疗。比较2组相关治疗指标、疼痛程度、脊柱功能、椎体高度、Cobb角、并发症。结果观察组术中出血量为(106.89±17.09)mL,少于对照组的(132.24±19.13)mL;椎体前缘矫正丢失度为(7.06±2.36)%,Cobb角矫正丢失度为(5.15±1.37)%,低于对照组的(15.35±3.59)%、(12.97±3.44)%;住院时间为(12.26±3.79)d,短于对照组的(15.56±4.04)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分为(3.04±0.35)分,Oswestry功能障碍指数为(28.56±4.04)分,低于对照组的(4.49±0.51)分、(36.22±3.74)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。治疗后,观察组椎体前缘高度为(34.04±3.75)mm,椎体后缘高度为(39.27±3.85)mm,高于对照组的(30.58±3.47)mm、(35.03±3.57)mm;观察组Cobb角为(11.69±1.11)°,低于对照组的(14.84±1.32)°,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在胸腰段脊柱骨折患者中实施经皮椎弓根钉内固定结合PKP方案进行干预可有效减少术中损伤,减少椎体前缘矫正丢失度,减轻术后疼痛程度,改善脊柱功能,提高椎体高度,降低Cobb角。

急诊PCI术主动脉内球囊反搏应用时机对ACS合并心源性休克病人炎性因子、左室功能及预后的影响

目的:探讨急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)应用时机对急性冠脉综合征(ACS)合并心源性休克病人炎性因子、左室功能、主要心血管不良事件(MACE)的影响。方法:选取2020年4月—2022年3月阳光融和医院收治的70例在IABP支持下行急诊PCI治疗的合并心源性休克的ACS病人,根据IABP应用时机不同分为介入前组、介入后组,各35例。比较两组血流动力学[肺动脉楔压(PCWP)、有创动脉收缩压(SBP)、有创平均动脉压(MABP)]、炎性因子[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、可溶性CD40配体(s CD40L)、白介素-6(IL-6)]、左室功能[左室射血分数(LVEF)、心脏指数、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、心排血量]、N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)、简化急性生理学评分Ⅱ(SAPSⅡ)、急性生理和慢性健康状况评分(APACHEⅡ)、血肌酐(SCr)、并发症、MACE。结果:两组治疗后即刻PCWP、SBP、MABP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);介入前组治疗后6 h、治疗后24 h的hs-CRP、s CD40L、IL-6、NT-pro BNP、SAPSⅡ评分、SCr低于介入后组(P<0.05);两组治疗后6 h、治疗后24 h的APACHEⅡ评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组治疗后1个月、治疗后6个月LVEF、心脏指数、LVEDD、心排血量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。介入前组并发症总发生率与介入后组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访1个月,介入前组MACE总发生率为5.71%,低于介入后组的22.86%(P<0.05);随访6个月,两组MACE总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:与急诊PCI术后应用IABP相比,PCI术前应用IABP可减轻ACS合并心源性休克病人炎症反应,改善术后病人心功能、肾功能及短期预后,且不会增加并发症发生风险,但IABP应用时机对病人血流动力学、左室功能、远期预后的改善无明显影响。

单次灌注与温度梯度灌注在PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折中的疗效对比

目的 对比单次灌注技术和温度梯度灌注技术在球囊扩张经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折中的应用效果。方法 选取我院行PKP的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者116例,按照骨水泥灌注方法的不同将其分为单次灌注组(n=57)和温度梯度灌注组(n=59)。对比2组患者围术期指标、疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评分、影像学指标和骨水泥渗漏发生率。结果 温度梯度灌注组患者的骨水泥注入量少于单次灌注组(P<0.05);2组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术中透视次数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。温度梯度灌注组患者术后1周的VAS、ODI评分均低于单次灌注组(P<0.05)。2组患者术后1周、末次随访时的伤椎前缘相对高度均较术前增加(P<0.05),Cobb角均较术前减小(P<0.05)。温度梯度灌注组骨水泥渗漏率低于单次灌注组(P<0.05)。结论 温度梯度灌注技术应用于PKP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,可获得与单次灌注技术相当的手术治疗效果,同时温度梯度灌注技术可减少骨水泥注入量,降低骨水泥渗漏率,减轻术后疼痛。