The intrinsic viscosity and viscometric interaction parameters of perfluorosulfonic acid （PFSA） and poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） were measured by dilute solution viscometry. The miscibility between PFSA and PVA was...The intrinsic viscosity and viscometric interaction parameters of perfluorosulfonic acid （PFSA） and poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） were measured by dilute solution viscometry. The miscibility between PFSA and PVA was estimated by the criteria of AB and μ. The results indicated that PFSA and PVA were completely miscible for any weight fraction in aqueous solution.展开更多
This paper reports a new technique to fabricate an ion-exchange polymer-metal composite (IPMC) actuator. This technique is based on a hybrid organic-inorganic composite membrane. In the fabrication course, silica oxid...This paper reports a new technique to fabricate an ion-exchange polymer-metal composite (IPMC) actuator. This technique is based on a hybrid organic-inorganic composite membrane. In the fabrication course, silica oxide particles, prepared from hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate in situ with sol-gel reaction, co-crystallize with perfluorosulfonate acid (PFSA) ionomer. Attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analyses demonstrate that a highly water-saving hybrid membrane is formed. Measurements of mechanical properties reveal that elastic modulus and hardness of the hybrid membrane are about 2 times compared to a commercial PFSA membrane. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that the hybrid membrane has a high porosity. Inside the membrane pores, there exists a great quantity of micro scale channels in the range of 100―300 nm. After fabrication of IPMC actuator, an electric current sensor, a force sensor, and a high speed camera are assembled and used to evaluate IPMC performance. It is shown that, compared to an IPMC actuator made from a commercial membrane, the electromechanical performance of the new actuator increases 6―8 times; when it is actuated in air, its stable non-water working time is prolonged for 6―7 times.展开更多
In this work,a series of high strength,thermal stable and antioxidant proton exchange membranes were designed with solution processible polybenzimidazole(PBI)as the matrix and perfluorosulfonic acid(PFSA)as the fortif...In this work,a series of high strength,thermal stable and antioxidant proton exchange membranes were designed with solution processible polybenzimidazole(PBI)as the matrix and perfluorosulfonic acid(PFSA)as the fortifier for proton exchange.Solution processible PBI was successfully synthesized by introducing 4,4’-dicarboxydiphenyl ether into the molecular chains of PBI.PFSA/PBI composite membranes were obtained by solution blending and film casting.PBI and PFSA/PBI composite membranes exhibited greatly enhanced tensile strength and Young’s modulus compared to PFSA.PFSA/PBI composite membranes are stable below 300℃ which are suitable for practical application in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.The PFSA/PBI composite membranes show good dimensional stability with low water uptake and swelling rate.The PFSA/PBI composite membranes also exhibit excellent antioxidation stability with less than 5%initial mass loss over 120 h in Fenton reagent.The proton conductivity of PBI is greatly enhanced by blending with PFSA and the proton conductivities of the composite membranes are increased with the raise of PFSA content and temperature.This work offers valuable insights into the exploration of PBI based high-performance proton exchange membranes.展开更多
采用阴离子交换树脂和硅胶作为混合填料对牛奶中的全氟烷基酸进行固相萃取,并结合液相色谱质谱联用技术,建立了一种简便的牛奶中21种全氟烷基酸同时定量方法.在牛奶样中加入乙腈析出大量蛋白,萃取液在自制固相萃取小柱采用1.5 mL 80%乙...采用阴离子交换树脂和硅胶作为混合填料对牛奶中的全氟烷基酸进行固相萃取,并结合液相色谱质谱联用技术,建立了一种简便的牛奶中21种全氟烷基酸同时定量方法.在牛奶样中加入乙腈析出大量蛋白,萃取液在自制固相萃取小柱采用1.5 mL 80%乙腈水溶液进行洗脱纯化.对纯化液进行液相色谱质谱联用分析,分析条件如下:以乙腈-5 mmol的醋酸铵水溶液为流动相,在XDB-C 18色谱柱上进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾负离子模式电离(ESI),质量扫描模式为多反应监测(MRM)模式检测.方法中全氟烷基酸(PFAAs)的检出限为0.01~0.20 ng/mL,定量限为0.03~0.67 ng/mL,方法的线性关系(R2>0.999)和重现性均良好,回收率范围为66%~125%.对13种常见市售牛奶中全氟烷基酸进行分析,主要检出了7种全氟烷基酸,其牛奶质量浓度在2.43~12.00 ng/mL之间.展开更多
The used perfluorosulfonic acid ion exchange membrane was treated to recycle the perfluorosulfonic acid resin. The perfluorosulfonic acid resin/silica composite catalysts were prepared by a sol gel method and characte...The used perfluorosulfonic acid ion exchange membrane was treated to recycle the perfluorosulfonic acid resin. The perfluorosulfonic acid resin/silica composite catalysts were prepared by a sol gel method and characterized by FTIR, TG, BET measurements. The composite catalysts obtained were used in esterification of HAc and butyl alcohol. The results showed that at n (HAc)∶ n (butyl alcohol)= 1 3∶1 0 , 3 g catalyst, 110 ℃ and 2 h, butyl acetate could be obtained in yield of 92 4%.展开更多
基金supported by the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Grant No.09YZ163)
文摘The intrinsic viscosity and viscometric interaction parameters of perfluorosulfonic acid （PFSA） and poly（vinyl alcohol） （PVA） were measured by dilute solution viscometry. The miscibility between PFSA and PVA was estimated by the criteria of AB and μ. The results indicated that PFSA and PVA were completely miscible for any weight fraction in aqueous solution.
基金Supported by the National Natural Key Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60535020)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50705043 and 50805076)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. 2007202)
文摘This paper reports a new technique to fabricate an ion-exchange polymer-metal composite (IPMC) actuator. This technique is based on a hybrid organic-inorganic composite membrane. In the fabrication course, silica oxide particles, prepared from hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate in situ with sol-gel reaction, co-crystallize with perfluorosulfonate acid (PFSA) ionomer. Attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analyses demonstrate that a highly water-saving hybrid membrane is formed. Measurements of mechanical properties reveal that elastic modulus and hardness of the hybrid membrane are about 2 times compared to a commercial PFSA membrane. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that the hybrid membrane has a high porosity. Inside the membrane pores, there exists a great quantity of micro scale channels in the range of 100―300 nm. After fabrication of IPMC actuator, an electric current sensor, a force sensor, and a high speed camera are assembled and used to evaluate IPMC performance. It is shown that, compared to an IPMC actuator made from a commercial membrane, the electromechanical performance of the new actuator increases 6―8 times; when it is actuated in air, its stable non-water working time is prolonged for 6―7 times.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22005147 and 21774053)。
文摘In this work,a series of high strength,thermal stable and antioxidant proton exchange membranes were designed with solution processible polybenzimidazole(PBI)as the matrix and perfluorosulfonic acid(PFSA)as the fortifier for proton exchange.Solution processible PBI was successfully synthesized by introducing 4,4’-dicarboxydiphenyl ether into the molecular chains of PBI.PFSA/PBI composite membranes were obtained by solution blending and film casting.PBI and PFSA/PBI composite membranes exhibited greatly enhanced tensile strength and Young’s modulus compared to PFSA.PFSA/PBI composite membranes are stable below 300℃ which are suitable for practical application in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.The PFSA/PBI composite membranes show good dimensional stability with low water uptake and swelling rate.The PFSA/PBI composite membranes also exhibit excellent antioxidation stability with less than 5%initial mass loss over 120 h in Fenton reagent.The proton conductivity of PBI is greatly enhanced by blending with PFSA and the proton conductivities of the composite membranes are increased with the raise of PFSA content and temperature.This work offers valuable insights into the exploration of PBI based high-performance proton exchange membranes.
文摘The used perfluorosulfonic acid ion exchange membrane was treated to recycle the perfluorosulfonic acid resin. The perfluorosulfonic acid resin/silica composite catalysts were prepared by a sol gel method and characterized by FTIR, TG, BET measurements. The composite catalysts obtained were used in esterification of HAc and butyl alcohol. The results showed that at n (HAc)∶ n (butyl alcohol)= 1 3∶1 0 , 3 g catalyst, 110 ℃ and 2 h, butyl acetate could be obtained in yield of 92 4%.
