Research on the Internal Talent Training Path and Performance Evaluation Mechanism of New R&D Institutions in Zhejiang Province

New research and development(R&D)institutions are an important part of the national innovation system,playing an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.In recent years,new R&D institutions have gradually become the driving force of innovation-driven development in China.Taking new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province as the research object,this paper studies the internal talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province by using the literature research method,comparison method,case verification method,and other methods.The investigation results show that there are problems such as lack of material and spiritual support and neglect of the absorption of local talents in the internal talent training,and there are problems such as unclear standards,insufficient data,and opaque processes in the performance evaluation mechanism,which greatly affect the establishment and improvement of the performance evaluation mechanism.Given the above problems,this paper puts forward a forward-looking,oriented,flexible,and compatible talent training path and performance evaluation mechanism,hoping to optimize the effective internal talent training path of new R&D institutions,improve the evaluation performance,and promote healthy development of new R&D institutions in Zhejiang Province.

Investigation Into the Market-Orientated New Product Development Performance

The effect that the market orientation brings to product innovation performance is reported and the degree of product innovativeness is explored. The interdepartmental integration inside the company is also investigated. A series of hypotheses were developed aiming at presenting a conceptual framework to clarify how market orientation contributes to product innovation performance-moderated by the degree of product innovativeness and affected by the interdepartmental integration. Survey data from 36 business units were analyzed based on the respondents in the research. The statistic results suggest a substantial positive effect of market orientation on product innovation performance. Under the condition of incremental innovativeness among the samples, the more innovative the product is, the more improvements in product innovation performance would be achieved. A variety of particular interdepartmental integration mechanisms have been certified to lend more supports to establishing market orientation and improving product innovation performance.

Re-measuring Productivity, Energy and Environmental Factors of China＇s New Industrialization

This paper identifies low-carbon, energy-efficient, and green economic growth as the primary goals of China＇s new industrialization and defines productivity under new industrialization which; unlike conventional productivity, simultaneously satisfies these goals. In contrast to conventional methods for measuring productivity, this paper employs a non-radial, non-angular SBM directional distance function to estimate new industrialization productivity of industrial sectors across 30 Chinese provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions between 1998 and 2008. Our research shows that conventional measurements of productivity overestimate industrial growth in China＇s central and western regions. On the whole, prospects for growth performance of China＇s industrial sectors are not optimistic. The degree of new industrialization is higher in eastern region than in central and western regions, where balancing industrial growth with resources and the environment is a daunting task. This paper＇s conclusions support ＂environmental Kuznets curve＂ and ＂Porter hypothesis＂ but reject ＂pollution asylum hypothesis ＂.

Entrepreneurial Orientation,Knowledge creation process and New Product Development Performance

This paper analyzed the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and new product development perlormance based on the perspective of knowledge creation process. Through a questionnaire survey, we found that entrepreneurial orientation is positively related to new product performance, and knowledge creation process plays a mediating role in this relationship. This article examines the role of entrepreneurial orientation on new product innovation performance in Chinese situations, and it is the first time to check the intermediary functions on each dimension of knowledge test between entrepreneurial orientation and new product development performance.

Co-integration Analysis of the Relationship between New Product Output and R&D Investment in China’s Pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To study the possible relationship between the output of new products in China’s pharmaceutical industry and the investment in research and development(R&D),and to provide a theoretical basis for the decision-making of relevant enterprises and institutions.Methods The econometric software Stata 14 was used to perform unit root test on the relevant data.Then,a co-integration regression equation was established after stabilization,which was analyzed through co-integration test(E-G two-step method).Results and Conclusion There is a long-term equilibrium and short-term error correction relationship between the output of new products and the investment of R&D funds in China’s pharmaceutical industry.During the lagging periods from 1 to 6,R&D investment is the Granger reason for the output of new products.The investment of R&D funds has a positive effect on the output of new products and the effect is significant.Therefore,more investment should be made in R&D to enhance the output of new products.

The Relationship between Customer Knowledge Management and Performance of Agricultural Product Innovation

This paper takes an overview of the CKM and the performance of agricultural product innovation from contents of agricultural product innovation and customer knowledge management (CKM) ,the relation between CKM and agricultural product innovation. On the basis of the overview, it builds the theoretical framework of CKM and agricultural product innovation. It points out that enterprises can satisfy demands of customers through acquisition,share,utilization and innovation of customer knowledge,and improve performance of agricultural product innovation through speeding up agricultural product innovation.

Evaluating the moderated-mediation effects of switchingcosts in the link between social capital and NPD performance

In this study,we explore the causes and performance outcomes of switching costs in the context of new product development(NPD)from both the supplier and customer perspectives,and discuss the role that switching costs play as moderators and mediators in the relationship between social capital and NPD performance.Based on data from 214 Chinese manufacturers,we employ the structural equation model to test our conceptual model and hypotheses.The results indicate that relationship quality and customer involvement positively and negatively affect switching costs,respectively,and that switching costs negatively affect NPD performance.Switching costs mediate and moderate the relationship between social capital and NPD performance.Furthermore,switching costs significantly and positively moderate the relationship between relationship quality and NPD performance.On the other hand,switching costs insignificantly and negatively moderate the relationship between customer involvement and NPD performance.The theoretical and managerial implications of the findings are discussed.

RAPD标记与新扬州鸡生长性能的相关性研究

本研究对新扬州鸡进行RAPD分析 ,评定其遗传多态性。从 2 1个引物中筛选出OPAY0 2、OPAY1 3和OPAY1 7,并根据其多态性组合对周龄增重的影响 ,探索RAPD标记与新扬州鸡早期生长和屠宰性能的关系。结果表明被检测到的新扬州鸡中 70个DNA条带 ,分子量大小在 0 .38kb～ 2 .98kb之间 ,平均条带共享率为 0 .80 37,OPAY0 2引物对 5 6日龄平均增重、日增重、屠体重、半净膛重。

Big Data Knowledge Pricing Schemes for Knowledge Recipient Firms

Big data knowledge,such as customer demands and consumer preferences,is among the crucial external knowledge that firms need for new product development in the big data environment.Prior research has focused on the profit of big data knowledge providers rather than the profit and pricing schemes of knowledge recipients.This research addresses this theoretical gap and uses theoretical and numerical analysis to compare the profitability of two pricing schemes commonly used by knowledge recipients:subscription pricing and pay-per-use pricing.We find that:(1)the subscription price of big data knowledge has no effect on the optimal time of knowledge transaction in the same pricing scheme,but the usage ratio of the big data knowledge affects the optimal time of knowledge transaction,and the smaller the usage ratio of big data knowledge the earlier the big data knowledge transaction conducts;(2)big data knowledge with a higher update rate can bring greater profits to the firm both in subscription pricing scheme and pay-per-use pricing scheme;(3)a knowledge recipient will choose the knowledge that can bring a higher market share growth rate regardless of what price scheme it adopts,and firms can choose more efficient knowledge in the pay-per-use pricing scheme by adjusting the usage ratio of knowledge usage according to their economic conditions.The model and findings in this paper can help knowledge recipient firms select optimal pricing method and enhance future new product development performance.

动态网络能力、技术融合能力对生物医药新产品开发绩效的影响——企业创新绩效的中介效应

新产品开发是企业维持竞争优势的关键手段,对其生存和发展具有重要意义。基于合作网络与技术网络双重网络视角,选取2007—2021年216家中国生物医药上市公司专利数据与财务数据,探讨动态网络能力(中心度和结构洞)、技术融合能力对新产品开发绩效的影响机制,并验证企业创新绩效的中介效应。结果表明,动态网络能力、技术融合能力对新产品开发绩效具有正向影响,企业创新绩效在中心度、技术融合能力对新产品开发绩效影响过程中发挥部分中介作用,在结构洞对新产品开发绩效影响过程中发挥完全中介作用。结论可为企业运用动态网络能力、技术融合能力提升新产品开发绩效提供参考。

新质生产力视域下山西省竞技体育高质量发展的理论逻辑和实践进路

新时期新质生产力是驱动各行各业高质量发展的原动力。本研究旨在探寻新质生产力赋能竞技体育高质量发展的基本逻辑与践行路向。研究认为:新质生产力是以创新为指向,推动传统生产要素的重塑与变革,催生新发展理念的先进生产力质态。竞技体育新质生产力需通过管理创新、技术革命、产业共生和资源融合助推其高质量发展。山西省应通过顶层设计与政策落地相结合达政策引导之效、多维度融合寻竞技体育深化改革之径和基础理论与科技攻关并举兴体育竞技之路等助推山西省竞技体育高效能、高质量绿色发展。

内部控制对企业新质生产力的影响

内部控制作为企业重要的治理机制,与企业的经济绩效及环境绩效密切相关。内部控制能够提升企业的经济绩效与环境绩效,为新质生产力的形成与发展提供良好的经济保障和环境保障。基于2011—2022年沪深A股上市企业数据,实证检验内部控制对新质生产力的影响及其作用机制。结果显示,内部控制对新质生产力的提升具有显著的正向促进作用。机制分析结果表明,内部控制能够通过提升企业的经济绩效与环境绩效来提高新质生产力发展水平。异质性分析结果表明,内部控制对促进新质生产力发展的效果在国有企业、大规模企业及制造业企业中表现更为显著。研究结论对内部控制与新质生产力的相关研究起到了增量作用,对推动构建智能经济新形态具有重要的参考价值与启示意义。据此,提出建立健全内部控制体系、规范内部权力运行机制与企业合法经营、提升管理效率和信息透明度、制定差异化的扶持政策等建议。

文旅企业数字化转型的条件组态与绩效研究

文章基于技术—组织—环境(TOE)理论框架,剖析国内71家文旅上市企业数字化转型动因与路径,并评估了不同转型路径对企业绩效的影响,为加快形成文旅行业新质生产力指明了可行路径,同时也为企业数字化转型与绩效提升关系之争提供了来自文旅行业的新解释。研究发现:(1)文旅企业数字化转型是技术—组织—环境多重因素共同作用的结果,其中任何单一条件/因素都不能推动文旅企业实现有效的数字化转型;(2)当前文旅企业的数字化转型存在5条路径,可分别归类为“组织主导型”“技术—组织协同型”和“技术—环境协同型”三种模式;(3)文旅企业致力于技术—环境协同发展,将技术应用于解决市场需求,创新产品和服务,才能通过数字化转型形成新质生产力,提升企业经营绩效。数字化转型应关注于价值创造,重视社会关注度的积极作用,构建与技术应用和业务属性相匹配的人力资源管理新模式。

人工智能技术与企业创新绩效——兼论新质生产力的赋能作用

人工智能技术具有强溢出效应,是实现技术进步和高质量发展的关键。新质生产力的提出为推进中国式现代化指明了方向。本文基于2015—2022年中国A股上市公司数据和测算得到的新质生产力指数,运用双向固定效应模型实证检验了人工智能技术对企业创新绩效的影响及作用机制,并验证了新质生产力的赋能作用。研究结果表明,人工智能技术显著提升企业创新绩效,该结论在经过内生性处理和一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。异质性分析结果表明,人工智能技术对企业创新绩效的提升作用在新质生产力水平高的地区、民营企业、技术密集型行业和低污染行业中更为显著。机制分析发现,人工智能技术通过增强企业自主创新能力和实现企业研发技能升级提升企业创新绩效。新质生产力能够赋能人工智能技术提升企业创新绩效,该赋能作用具有长期动态影响效应。新质生产力的赋能作用主要源自科技创新、算力基础和算法应用3个维度。本文的研究丰富了当前对于新质生产力的理论阐释,为深刻理解新质生产力的重要作用提供了经验证据。

顾客参与产品开发阶段对旅游新产品开发绩效的影响

旅游业作为现代服务业较为活跃的组成部分,顾客参与影响到顾企相互理解的程度,包含企业对顾客需求及潜在需求的理解和顾客对企业服务的整体感受和评价。因此,顾客参与的不断交互作用能降低旅游企业新产品开发的风险,提升响旅游新产品开发绩效。信息来源型和共同开发型是两类典型的顾客参与类型。依据合肥市及华东地区182份旅游新产品开发绩效的调查数据,采用验证性因子和分层回归分析两类顾客参与不同产品开发阶段对旅游新产品开发绩效的影响。结果显示:产品开发阶段在信息来源型、共同开发型顾客参与和旅游新产品开发绩效中起中介作用。

数字赋能提升城市旅游绩效机制初探

数字赋能对中国旅游业实现高质量发展起到关键作用。在理论分析数字赋能对旅游业价值重塑与价值创造基础上,本文使用我国城市面板数据,实证检验数字赋能城市旅游绩效的文化赋能、景区赋能和生态赋能机制。研究发现:(1)数字赋能显著提升了城市旅游绩效,并且结果在剔除可能的极端值,变换估计方法下依旧显著;(2)机制检验结果表明数字赋能通过激发以非物质文化遗产为代表的文化资源经济价值、加强以5A级景区为代表的景区资源优势、提升以生态效率为代表的生态价值转换方式促进城市旅游绩效提升;(3)区域异质性的考察发现,中部和西部地区以文化赋能和景区赋能为主,生态赋能的作用在东部和西部地区更为突出。基于上述发现,本文提出加快旅游产业数字化转型、推动非物质文化遗产数字化传播、推进旅游景区数字化改造、利用数字技术扩大优质生态产品供给、充分发挥东中西地区优势等建议。

A Bounded Commitment in Vertical Collaborations of New Product Development

Uncertainty is a main source of opportunistic behaviors in research and development cooperations,which challenges strategic decisions ranging from investments to operations.To avoid opportunism arising in cooperations,commitments(either formal contracts or informal communications)are generally made in advance by members of an alliance.However,how does a commitment encourage R&D investments and ultimately enhance the total performance,without loss of flexibility in ex post operations?This study attempts to answer this by investigating a bounded commitment in the context of vertical collaborations in a supply chain.In this exploratory study,a 3-stage game model is used(by backward induction)to examine a two-echelon supply chain under a bounded commitment in NPD.Our analysis shows that upstream R&D investment is stimulated more and that both members are better off under the bounded commitment.At the same time,when the relative bargaining power between the supplier and the manufacturer falls into an appropriate area,it is possible to reach a bounded commitment,and the manufacturer is more sensitive to this relationship.Finally,the bounded commitment restrains opportunistic behaviors,but there is no strong sign that an increase in the ratio of the order outside the chain to the inside one can make firms better.

Evolution of Product Innovation Best Practices and Insights to Improve NPD Performance in SMEs

Product innovation practices are documented in the historic 1968and 1982Booze,Allen&Hamilton(BAH)studies followed by the Product Development and Management Association’s(PDMA)four longitudinal best practices/comparative performance assessment studies(CPAS)conducted since the 1990s.These significant NPD best practices benchmarking studies are reviewed within the context of evolution of product innovation practices during 1968-2012.The widening gap in share of profits from new products between the best NPD firms and the rest in 2012informs us that the Schumpeter’s theory of innovation is still relevant in current markets.The PDMA 2012CPAS found that in Asia,small enterprises were not very proficient in NPD.Where as large Asian enterprises needed 7ideas for one commercial success in line with the proficiency of North American enterprises,small Asian enterprises needed 18ideas for one commercial success.A key insight for small Asian enterprises from 2012PDMA CPAS is that it is more important to strive to become the"best"than endeavoring to introduce a large number of new products each year.Insights to improve NPD performance in SMEs are offered along with a systematic framework to achieve successful product innovation.SMEs can begin their improvement effort with self-assessment utilizing the three organizing principles for NPD and eight action categories outlined in the Thota framework for innovation.

抗寒苜蓿品系生产性能评价及ISSR遗传多样性分析

对3个紫花苜蓿品系GNKH-1,GNKH-2和GNKH-3在高寒湿润气候区进行了连续两年的品系比较试验,研究其生产性能和遗传基础差异,以俄罗斯杂花,金皇后和阿尔冈金紫花苜蓿为对照。结果表明:GNKH-3的年平均越冬率最高(85.55%);干草产量最高(5.74t/hm2);株高、生长速度、分枝数、叶茎比均比对照表现良好,分别为62.03cm、0.80cm/d、15.3个/株、1.02。ISSR分子标记结果为,引物的多态位点百分率62.07%,基因多样性指数和Shannon’s信息指数的平均值分别为0.2676和0.3842。3个抗寒苜蓿品系与对照的遗传相似性都比较小,介于0.4828~0.6667。聚类分析表明:8条ISSR引物在遗传距离0.78处将供试苜蓿材料分为2类,第1类包含3个抗寒苜蓿品系材料,在高寒湿润气候区具有高产、生产性能强的特点;第2类包含3个对照材料,其产量、生产性能相对第1类材料较低。主成分分析法评价紫花苜蓿的生产性能,综合排序为:GNKH-3>GNKH-2>GNKH-1>阿尔冈金>俄罗斯杂花>金皇后。

白色獭兔R新品系生长发育及繁殖性能研究

美系獭兔的繁殖性能强 ,生长速度慢 ,饲养周期长 ,养殖成本高。德系獭兔生长速度快 ,繁殖性能差 ,成活率低 ,养殖效益低。针对美系獭兔和德系獭兔的生长和繁殖特点 ,应用现代遗传育种理论和技术 ,对美系白色獭兔和德系白色獭兔进行杂交育种 ,采用群体继代选育法 ,进行闭锁繁育 ,进一步固定优良性状。经过连续五个世代的选育 ,培育出生长速度快、繁殖性能强、成活率高、遗传性状稳定的白色獭兔R新品系。并对其繁殖及生长发育性能进行测定 。