Impact of parenting styles on preschoolers’behaviors

In this editorial,I comment on the article“Association of preschool children behavior and emotional problems with the parenting behavior of both parents”which was published in the latest issue of“World Journal of Clinical Cases”that demonstrates the prevalence of behavioral disorders in preschool children.Therefore I am focused on parenting which is the most effective factor shown to affect the development and continuity of these behaviors.The management of child behavior problems is crucial.Children in early ages,especially preschoolers who are in the first 5 years of life,are influenced by dramatic changes in various aspects of development,such as social,emotional,and physical.Also,children experience many changes linked to different developmental tasks,such as discovering themselves,getting new friendships,and adapting to a new environment.In this period,parents have a critical role in supporting child development.If parents do not manage and overcome their child’s misbehavior,it could be transformed into psychosocial problems in adulthood.Parenting is the most powerful predictor in the social development of preschool children.Several studies have shown that to reduce the child’s emotional and behavioral problems,a warm relationship between parents and children is needed.In addition,recent studies have demonstrated significant relationships between family regulation factors and parenting,as well as with child behaviors.

Genetic Analysis of Structural Styles in the Makran Accretionary Wedge–Insight from Physical Simulations

The Makran accretionary wedge has the smallest subduction angle among any accretionary prism in the world. The factors controlling the spacing and morphological development of its deep thrust faults, as well as the formation mechanism of shallow normal faults, remain unclear. Meanwhile, the factors affecting the continuity of plane faults must be comprehensively discussed. Clarifying the development characteristics and deformation mechanisms of the Makran accretionary wedge is crucial to effectively guide the exploration of gas hydrate deposits in the area. This study aims to interpret seismic data to identify typical structures in the Makran accretionary wedge, including deep imbricate thrust faults, shallow and small normal faults, wedge-shaped piggyback basins, mud diapirs with fuzzy and disorderly characteristics of reflection, décollements with a northward tilt of 1° – 2°, and large seamounts. Physical simulation-based experiments are performed to comprehensively analyze the results of the plane, section, and slices of the wedge. Results reveal that the distances between and shapes of thrust faults in the deep parts of the Makran accretionary wedge are controlled by the bottom décollement. The uplift of the thrust fault-related folds and the upwelling of the mud diapirs primarily contribute to the formation of small normal faults in the shallow part of the area. The mud diapirs originate from plastic material at the bottom, while those that have developed in the area near the trench are larger. Seamounts and mud diapirs break the continuity of fault plane distribution.

Attachment Styles and Traumatic Responses: Exploring the Impact of Parental Interaction on Child Development and Coping Mechanisms

This article explores the intricate relationship between attachment styles formed during early childhood and the subsequent responses to traumatic events, particularly the death of a parent. Drawing on the theoretical framework of attachment theory and incorporating contemporary research, the paper discusses how parental interactions shape the neural circuitry of infants and children, influencing their ability to form secure or insecure attachments. These attachment styles, in turn, play a critical role in determining the child’s coping mechanisms when faced with trauma. This paper focuses on trying to understand how attachment theory is connected to the reaction to trauma with a highlight on the four major styles of attachments which are secure, anxious, avoidant, and disorganized to mention but a few, and how they influence stress and adversity in children. Attachment theory holds that human beings’ ability to form affectional bonds in infancy determines their patterns of relatedness across the life cycle. The type of attachment that is secure usually supports healthy adaptation and good coping mechanisms regardless of the trauma in the childhood of the child. While secure attachment mostly facilitates favorable trauma-related outcomes, anxious or avoidant attachment can exacerbate or alter the responses. The caregiving system that is avoidant attachment has implications of autonomous self-functioning which has features of suppression of the emotional response and poor search for emotional support during stress. From the principles of developmental psychology and trauma theory, the paper also focuses on the major significance of the child’s early caregivers’ interactions that define the resilience and vulnerability factor. This knowledge is therefore critical in designing specific interventions based on the improvement of coping behaviors and emotional regulatory systems of children who have been exposed to trauma. Finally, we have the synthesis of new knowledge about the role of secure attachment relationships as its fundamental element in shaping adaptive traumatization and psychological development. The article also delves into the physiological processes involved in emotional regulation and the role of cortisol in disrupting attachment. Finally, the implications of these findings for therapeutic interventions and the challenges of addressing prolonged grief and traumatic responses in clinical settings are considered.

Personality Traits, Thinking Styles, and Emotional Intelligence in Nursing, towards Healthcare Providers’ Characterization and Safer Patient Care

Background: This study explored nursing personality traits (Big Five Inventory BFI), emotional intelligence (EI), and thinking styles (Rational, RS, and Experiential, ES) together with demographic data to see how they could relate and the implication of this on nurses and patient safety. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Nursing sample (n = 435). Participants completed a self-report online survey, which included demographic information, followed by questionnaires to measure personality traits, thinking styles, and emotional intelligence. Results: Spearman’s rank correlation was computed to assess the relationship between EI and Extraversion;there was a moderate positive correlation between the two variables, r = 0.487, p r = 0.731, p r = 0.723, p r = -0.666, p r = 0.467, p Conclusion: Different studies consolidated each other, and all converge and channel into the concept of characterization of healthcare providers for better support to them and safer patient care. EI correlated with all BFI components, and both positively impacted all desirable behaviors. Therefore, it would be valuable if organizations invested in increasing EI in their providers as it might highlight areas for improvement and equip providers with appropriate and advantageous coping strategies.

Influence of childhood trauma on adolescent internet addiction: The mediating roles of loneliness and negative coping styles

BACKGROUND In the information age,the use of the internet and multimedia tools has large effects on the life of middle school students.Improper use of the internet may result in internet addiction(IA).Thus,actively exploring the factors influencing adolescent and the mechanism of addiction as well as promoting adolescent physical and mental health and academic development are priorities that families,schools,and society urgently need to address.AIM To explore the effect of childhood trauma on adolescent IA and to consider the roles of loneliness and negative coping styles.METHODS A total of 11310 students from six junior high schools in Henan,China,completed the child trauma questionnaire,IA test,loneliness scale,and simple coping style questionnaire.In addition,data were collected from 1044 adolescents with child-hood trauma for analysis with IBM SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 28.0;we examined the relationships among childhood trauma,IA,loneliness,and negative coping styles.RESULTS We found that childhood trauma not only directly affected adolescents’IA but also affected IA through loneliness and negative coping styles.CONCLUSION Therefore,this study has theoretical implications regarding adolescent mental health and may inform interventions for IA.

The moderating role of NTSR1 polymorphisms on personality and coping styles among breast cancer patients

Background:Some personality traits could be a predictor for coping styles.The objective of this investigation was to examine the correlation between personality traits and coping mechanisms in the context of gene regulation among breast cancer patients.Material and methods:This cross-sectional study was performed in 2021.A total of 200 breast cancer patients were included in this study.Data were collected using the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ)and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese(EPQ-RSC).And individuals’blood was tested for genotype.Results:The findings indicated that there existed an inverse relationship between extraversion and negative coping style while also demonstrating a significant association between extraversion and positive coping style.Neuroticism was positively correlated with negative coping style but negatively with positive coping style.The SNP of NTSR1 only moderated the relationship between neuroticism and negative coping styles in breast cancer patients.Conclusion:The present investigation delves into the correlation between personality traits and coping mechanisms at the molecular level in breast cancer patients.

A Corpus-Based Study on the Translators’Styles in the English Versions of The True Story of Ah-Q

The True Story of Ah-Q written by Lu Xun has been translated into forty different languages,making great contributions to the external dissemination of Chinese culture.This paper adopts the corpus stylistics method to analyze the translators’styles presented by William A.Lyell and Julia Lovell’s translations of Ah-Q.Based on the self-built comparable corpus of the two translations,the paper investigates and analyzes them from the lexical and sentence level.In terms of vocabulary,the translations are statistically analyzed from the standardized type-token ratio,word frequency,word length and vocabulary density;at the sentence level,the article studies the average sentence lengths and sentence complexity.The first major finding is that Lovell’s vocabulary is richer than that of Lyell,and Lovell’s average word length is longer.Also,the average sentence length of both translations exceeds the original text,and Lovell has the highest average sentence length.Secondly,Lovell prefers to use simple sentences while Lyell prefers complex sentences.Nevertheless,both of them strive to make Lu Xun’s works understandable to foreign readers,thus understanding Chinese culture better.

新质生产力发展水平、区域差异与提升路径

2023年9月,习近平总书记在黑龙江省考察调研期间强调了“新质生产力”这一重要概念,新质生产力是创新起主导作用,摆脱传统经济增长方式、生产力发展路径,具有高科技、高效能、高质量特征,符合新发展理念的先进生产力质态。新质生产力的提出具有全新的理论内涵和丰富的现实价值,结合习近平总书记的相关重要论述和当前中国经济发展事实,文章认为新质生产力是一个至少涵盖科技、绿色和数字三大方面的集成体,并基于科技生产力、绿色生产力和数字生产力3个一级指标构建了新质生产力的综合评价体系。文章采用改进的熵权-TOPSIS方法测度了2012—2021年我国30个省级区域的新质生产力水平,测度结果表明,我国新质生产力水平由2012年的0.302 6上升到2021年的0.874 7,年均增速为21%,对应的,科技生产力、绿色生产力和数字生产力的水平也稳步上升。研究发现,针对不同区域,东部地区新质生产力水平不仅增速最快,总量也高于中西部地区,中部地区新质生产力水平高于西部地区,但增速低于西部地区;针对具体省份,新质生产力形成了广东省和江苏省“双雁领航”断层式发展格局,不同省份之间的差距极大,反映了中国新质生产力水平的区域异质性。进一步研究,Kernel密度估计和Markov链分析结果表明,一方面我国省际新质生产力水平的差距有逐渐拉大趋势,但这一趋势主要存在于个别新质生产力发达和落后的省份之间,大部分中间省份差异不明显,且新质生产力发展存在俱乐部趋同现象,新质生产力发达省份之间的趋同现象更为明显;另一方面,新质生产力发展具有明显的空间外溢效应,在与邻近省份的新质生产力水平存在差异的情况下,本省的新质生产力将会受到邻近省份的影响。新质生产力水平的基尼系数计算及其分解结果表明,区域间差异是全国新质生产力发展不平衡的主要原因,也就是说当下导致新质生产力水平差异的主要原因是地区间的发展不平衡。针对上述问题,提升新质生产力的发展路径应该着重从统筹区域联动合作促进平衡发展,加大对新质生产力发展的引导力度,在新质生产力构成的三大指标上进行新部署等方面展开。

大蒜素对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

试验探讨了不同水平的大蒜素对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,确定大蒜素在育肥猪生产中的最适添加水平。试验选择体重相近的健康的“杜×长×大”三元杂交育肥猪250头,随机分成5组,每组5个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组育肥猪饲喂基础饲粮,大蒜素组育肥猪分别饲喂含有50(试验组1)、100(试验组2)、200(试验组3)、400 mg/kg(试验组4)大蒜素的试验饲粮。预试验1周,正式试验期42 d。结果显示,与对照组比较,试验组3和试验组4育肥猪末重显著提高(P<0.05),试验组3的平均日增重提高了11.60%(P<0.05),试验组2和试验组3育肥猪的料重比降低了8.64%和11.96%(P<0.05)。试验组3组育肥猪的宰前活重显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组2、试验组3和试验组4育肥猪的胴体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),背膘厚度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组3和试验组4育肥猪的背最长肌pH值显著高于对照组(P<0.05),滴水损失显著低于对照组和试验组1(P<0.05),肌苷酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组3背最长肌的红度显著高于对照组和试验组1(P<0.05),试验组2、试验组3和试验组4背最长肌的剪切力显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组3和试验组4育肥猪背最长肌中的总氨基酸、总必需氨基酸及鲜味氨基酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,在育肥猪饲粮中添加适量的大蒜素可以提高生长性能和屠宰性能,改善肌肉品质,大蒜素的最适添加水平为200 mg/kg。

青贮甘蔗梢替代玉米秸秆对湖羊生长性能、消化代谢及肉品质的影响

[目的]本试验旨在探索青贮甘蔗梢替代青贮玉米秸秆作为肉羊日粮的可行性,并确定最佳的替代比例。[方法]选取3月龄、体重相近[(20.15±2.18)kg]的健康湖羊公羔48只,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,分别用青贮甘蔗梢替代0%(对照组)、50%(A组)、75%(B组)、100%(C组)青贮玉米秸秆饲喂,预试期10 d,正试期为60 d。试验开始和结束时测定湖羊生产性能,并采集血液样品进行血清生化分析;饲喂试验结束后,从每组不同重复各选择1只湖羊屠宰,测定其屠宰性能及肉品质;从每组不同重复再挑选3只湖羊进行消化代谢试验,测定养分消化代谢参数。[结果]B组和C组平均日增重、胴体重和屠宰率显著高于A组和对照组(P<0.05);B组和C组氮沉积量显著高于A组和对照组,A组、B组和C组的表观消化能和能量转化率均显著高于对照组;各组间血液生化指标、肉品质及肉营养成分均无显著差异(P>0.05)。青贮甘蔗梢替代75%和100%青贮玉米秸秆可以显著提高湖羊生长性能和屠宰性能,而且对湖羊血清生化指标、组织器官发育和肉品质无不利影响。[结论]青贮甘蔗梢可替代青贮玉米秸秆饲喂肉羊,且最佳替代比例为75%~100%。

地方执行性立法的路径选择与优化生成

地方执行性立法是地方立法体系的重要组成部分。细化和补充是地方执行性立法的基本方式。实践中地方执行性立法不重复上位法的立法路径存在技术障碍和现实困境,已难以满足新时代地方立法的要求。在内容上形成一个逻辑自洽、体系严谨、协调统一的规范整体的体系化路径成为地方执行性立法功能实现的必然选择。鉴于地方执行性立法体系化存在着一系列合法性、合理性难题,地方执行性立法应当创新立法技术,通过“嵌入式立法”,即在上位法立法计划内,将基于“地方性知识”产生的制度需求细化、补充到上位法规范体系之中,形成一个统一的规范整体,从而解决地方执行性立法的合法性、合理性难题,确保上位法的有效实施,提升地方法治的整体水平。

中国式现代化背景下西部农村学前教育高质量发展的困境与纾解

西部农村学前教育高质量发展对建设教育强国、推进中国式现代化具有重要意义。理论上,中国式现代化从普惠性教育、整体性思维、内涵式发展、共生型主张、前瞻性布局五个维度为农村学前教育高质量发展指明了方向。实践上,通过对我国西部70所农村幼儿园的大规模调研发现,在中国式现代化进程中,我国学前教育整体取得了跨越式发展,但西部农村学前教育仍面临规模与质量协同的“困顿”、教育资源供给与需求的“错配”、园本课程特色与底色的“迷失”、教师专业发展能动与被动的“纠葛”、教育督导与评估机制的“乏力”等困境。为此,有必要建立“量质并举”的教育质量观,顺应人口变动,合理调控教育资源,坚持乡土特色与课程底色并重,构建以教师为核心的“1+3+N”育人新格局,加强数字化教育质量评估体系建设。

表演理论视域下乡村旅游者的类型及表演风格研究——以西江千户苗寨为例

旅游表演理论通过引入戏剧学语言,为解读游客体验提供了全新的研究视角,并逐渐为旅游学界所关注。文章以贵州西江千户苗寨为案例地,借助表演理论分析乡村旅游者的表演风格问题。研究发现,伴随着各种现代性要素的增长,旅游者试图努力挣脱现代性所造成的精神世界坍塌,努力通过旅游活动重新审视本真的存在;旅游体验过程中,旅游者的表演风格呈现出漫不经心者、旁观者、他人角色扮演者、文化粉、情境演员、镜中人、怀旧者、流浪人和神职者9种类型;日常生活世界与旅游世界并不能完全割裂看待,双方存在相互作用,穿梭于其中的旅游者需要实现心境上的跨越,从旅游伊始时的观看,到旅游结束时的自我照映,在整个旅游活动中,角色的扮演亦会发生流动与改变。据此,文章构建旅游者表演风格模型,以期在理论与实践层面为乡村旅游目的地建设提供指导。

中国式现代化视域下铸牢中华民族共同体意识探索

走中国式现代化发展道路,必将为铸牢中华民族共同体意识奠定坚实的物质基础,反之,铸牢中华民族共同体意识也将为实现中国式现代化提供强大的精神动力。为了确保铸牢中华民族共同体意识这一民族工作的“纲”得到有效落实,必须了解其核心——中华民族的基本特征,这是提升铸牢中华民族共同体意识自觉性、自信心的前提和基础。高质量城镇化和实施乡村振兴战略是促进各民族大杂居状态充分实现、不断提升铸牢中华民族共同体意识的有力助推;实现共同富裕是增强各族人民自信心、自豪感,不断提升中华民族共同体的向心力和凝聚力的物质基础;大力传承弘扬以社会主义核心价值观为引领的中华优秀文化,则是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的强大精神纽带。

心理弹性在抑郁症病人自杀意念和应对方式间的中介作用

目的:了解抑郁症病人自杀意念和应对方式的基础上探讨心理弹性在两者之间的中介作用。方法:采用一般情况调查表、自杀意念量表、特质应对问卷及心理弹性量表对在某精神卫生中心住院治疗的120例抑郁症病人进行调查。结果:抑郁症病人的自杀意念处于较高水平。抑郁症病人的心理弹性与积极应对方式呈正相关;与自杀意念及各因子(掩饰因子除外)呈负相关(P<0.01);积极应对方式和心理弹性显著预测抑郁症病人的自杀意念;心理弹性在积极应对方式与自杀意念之间起部分中介作用(P<0.001)。结论:提高心理弹性和采取积极的应对方式是降低自杀意念的有效途径。

视可尼喉镜在引导经鼻气管插管中的临床应用

目的探讨视可尼喉镜(Shikani optical stylet,SOS)在引导经鼻气管插管中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析我院2017年1月~2022年12月60例经鼻气管插管全身麻醉择期手术的临床资料,按照经鼻气管插管的引导方式分为3组,每组20例:视频喉镜引导气管插管(V组),纤维支气管镜引导气管插管(F组)和SOS引导气管插管(S组)。比较3组患者气管插管过程中喉部显露分级、鼻出血情况、气管插管成功率、完成时间和术后气管插管并发症的发生情况。结果F、S组患者喉显露分级均为Ⅰ级,V组患者喉显露分级Ⅰ级7例、Ⅱ级10例、Ⅲ级3例,F、S组患者喉显露效果明显优于V组(Z=-4.274,P=0.000;Z=-4.274,P=0.000)。F、S组患者无鼻出血分别为15、14例,轻度分别为5、6例,均无患者发生重度鼻出血,V组患者无鼻出血7例,轻度10例,重度3例,F、S组患者鼻出血的程度明显轻于V组(Z=-2.678,P=0.007;Z=-2.402,P=0.016)。S组患者气管插管完成中位时间37.5(34.3,41.5)s,显著短于V组45.0(39.8,72.5)s和F组89.0(76.0,102.5)s(Z=15.703,P=0.013;Z=32.050,P=0.000),V组明显短于F组(Z=-16.347,P=0.009)。V组2例插管失败,F和S组患者均顺利完成气管插管,3组插管成功率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组患者术后鼻咽部疼痛、鼻塞发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论SOS引导经鼻气管插管可以提供良好的喉显露,气管插管成功率满意且不增加不良反应发生率,可视为一种安全而有效的经鼻气管插管方式。

大型语言模型对高等教育的影响与中国应对

大型语言模型(LLM)在短期内将从创设教学情境、创新教学模式、教学AI开发和应用、拓展高校在线学习、助力虚拟仿真课程开发等方面助力高等教育;长期来看能够助推“四新”建设、赋能基础学科拔尖人才培养,并催生高校结构性变革。同时,LLM也可能引发教育安全风险,造成新的教育智能鸿沟,并被大企业寡头垄断。为促进LLM赋能中国高等教育,需要我国加快开发迭代自己的LLM,促进其均等化可达,提升师生数字素养和能力,夯实数字化教学环境。

不同粗蛋白质水平对白王种鸽繁殖性能和乳鸽生长性能的影响

试验旨在探究“2+2”生产模式下不同粗蛋白质水平对白王种鸽繁殖性能和乳鸽生长性能的影响。试验选取产蛋性能相近的300日龄健康种鸽168对,随机分为4组,每组7个重复,每个重复6对种鸽,每对种鸽哺育2只乳鸽。试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组分别饲喂粗蛋白质水平为13.43%、15.04%、16.64%和18.25%的饲粮。试验期46 d,其中孵化期18 d (1~18 d),哺乳期28 d (19~46 d)。结果显示,试验Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组产蛋间隔显著低于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组种蛋受精率显著高于试验Ⅰ组、Ⅳ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组入孵蛋孵化率极显著高于试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组(P<0.01)。试验Ⅲ组乳鸽28日龄体重显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),乳鸽屠宰率极显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.01),乳鸽胸肌率显著高于试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组窝料重比1极显著低于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.01)。研究表明,不同粗蛋白质水平影响了种鸽的繁殖性能、乳鸽的生长性能以及窝料重比,在“2+2”生产模式下,建议白王种鸽饲粮适宜粗蛋白质水平为16.64%。

强国背景下推进中国式职业教育现代化的时代趋向、逻辑取向与行动路向

在建设教育强国的时代趋向下,中国式职业教育现代化成为推动职业教育高质量发展的重要基础。中国式职业教育现代化具有独特而清晰的逻辑取向,包括职业教育制度化、职业教育数字化、职业教育终身化、职业教育国际化,其孕育在我国职业教育的历史基础与改革实践中,并以解决我国发展过程中的实际问题为导向。为增强职业教育对我国现代社会的适应性,未来在推进中国式职业教育现代化进程中应着力深化现代职业教育体系改革,加快职业教育数字化转型,优化职业教育发展环境,完善中国特色职业教育理论。

中国式教师教育现代化:历史逻辑、时代要求与未来进路

国家高度重视教师教育事业,并领导教师教育从外延式发展向内涵式发展转变。经过百年奋斗,我国教师教育在目标定位、层次结构及教育模式等方面均取得巨大成就。教师教育肩负着为党和国家培养高质量教师的当代使命。面对中国式教师教育现代化的时代任务,应不断提升新时代教师的思想政治素质、专业素质能力加强师德师风建设;努力造就党和人民满意的教师队伍。回应新时代中国式教师教育的新要求,应当从中国共产党领导教师教育的百年历史中汲取经验,继续坚持党的全面领导,着力落实立德树人根本任务;搭建教师教育“立交桥”,持续提升教师专业素质;完善教师质量保障体系,促进教师教育高质量发展;构建城乡教师一体化模式,实现中国式教师教育现代化。